scholarly journals Global distribution of hydrologic controls on forest growth

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caspar T. J. Roebroek ◽  
Lieke A. Melsen ◽  
Anne J. Hoek van Dijke ◽  
Ying Fan ◽  
Adriaan J. Teuling
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Global Correlation ◽  
Hydrologic Controls

Abstract. Vegetation provides key ecosystem services and is an important component in the hydrological cycle. Traditionally, the global distribution of vegetation is explained through water availability by precipitation. Locally, however, groundwater can aid growth by providing an extra water source (e.g. oases) or hinder growth by presenting a barrier to root expansion (e.g. swamps). In this study we analysed the global correlation between precipitation, groundwater and forest growth, approximated by the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, and linked this to climate and landscape position. The results show that at the continental scale, precipitation is the main driver of forest productivity; wetter climates support higher energy absorption and consequentially more growth. But within all climates, landscape position substantially alters the growth patterns both positively and negatively. The influence of the landscape on vegetation growth varies over climate. The results display the importance of analysing vegetation growth in a climate-landscape continuum.

scholarly journals Global distribution of hydrologic controls on forest growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 4625-4639
Author(s):  
Caspar T. J. Roebroek ◽  
Lieke A. Melsen ◽  
Anne J. Hoek van Dijke ◽  
Ying Fan ◽  
Adriaan J. Teuling
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Global Correlation

Abstract. Vegetation provides key ecosystem services and is an important component in the hydrological cycle. Traditionally, the global distribution of vegetation is explained through climatic water availability. Locally, however, groundwater can aid growth by providing an extra water source (e.g. oases) or hinder growth by presenting a barrier to root expansion (e.g. swamps). In this study we analyse the global correlation between humidity (expressing climate-driven water and energy availability), groundwater and forest growth, approximated by the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, and link this to climate and landscape position. The results show that at the continental scale, climate is the main driver of forest productivity; climates with higher water availability support higher energy absorption and consequentially more growth. Within all climate zones, however, landscape position substantially alters the growth patterns, both positively and negatively. The influence of the landscape on vegetation growth varies over climate, displaying the importance of analysing vegetation growth in a climate–landscape continuum.

scholarly journals Supplementary material to "Global distribution of hydrologic controls on forest growth"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caspar T. J. Roebroek ◽  
Lieke A. Melsen ◽  
Anne J. Hoek van Dijke ◽  
Ying Fan ◽  
Adriaan J. Teuling
Keyword(s):  
Forest Growth ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Hydrologic Controls ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals Using GEDI lidar data and airborne laser scanning to assess height growth dynamics in fast-growing species: a showcase in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Guerra-Hernández ◽  
Adrián Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Airborne Laser

Abstract Background The NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) satellite mission aims at scanning forest ecosystems on a multi-temporal short-rotation basis. The GEDI data can validate and update statistics from nationwide airborne laser scanning (ALS). We present a case in the Northwest of Spain using GEDI statistics and nationwide ALS surveys to estimate forest dynamics in three fast-growing forest ecosystems comprising 211,346 ha. The objectives were: i) to analyze the potential of GEDI to detect disturbances, ii) to investigate uncertainty source regarding non-positive height increments from the 2015–2017 ALS data to the 2019 GEDI laser shots and iii) to estimate height growth using polygons from the Forest Map of Spain (FMS). A set of 258 National Forest Inventory plots were used to validate the observed height dynamics. Results The spatio-temporal assessment from ALS surveying to GEDI scanning allowed the large-scale detection of harvests. The mean annual height growths were 0.79 (SD = 0.63), 0.60 (SD = 0.42) and 0.94 (SD = 0.75) m for Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus spp., respectively. The median annual values from the ALS-GEDI positive increments were close to NFI-based growth values computed for Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata, respectively. The effect of edge border, spatial co-registration of GEDI shots and the influence of forest cover in the observed dynamics were important factors to considering when processing ALS data and GEDI shots. Discussion The use of GEDI laser data provides valuable insights for forest industry operations especially when accounting for fast changes. However, errors derived from positioning, ground finder and canopy structure can introduce uncertainty to understand the detected growth patterns as documented in this study. The analysis of forest growth using ALS and GEDI would benefit from the generalization of common rules and data processing schemes as the GEDI mission is increasingly being utilized in the forest remote sensing community.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of ambient ozone and climate measured on growth of mature loblolly pine trees

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. McLaughlin ◽  
D.J. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Ambient Ozone

Seasonal growth patterns of mature loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) trees over the interval 1988–1993 have been analyzed to evaluate the effects of ambient ozone on growth of large forest trees. Patterns of stem expansion and contraction of 34 trees were examined using serial measurements with sensitive dendrometer band systems. Study sites, located in eastern Tennessee, varied significantly in soil moisture, soil fertility, and stand density. Levels of ozone, rainfall, and temperature varied widely over the 6-year study interval. Regression analysis identified statistically significant influences of ozone on stem growth patterns, with responses differing widely among trees and across years. Ozone interacted with both soil moisture stress and high temperatures, explaining 63% of the high frequency, climatic variance in stem expansion identified by stepwise regression of the 5-year data set. Observed responses to ozone were rapid, typically occurring within 1–3 days of exposure to ozone at ≥40 ppb and were significantly amplified by low soil moisture and high air temperatures. Both short-term responses, apparently tied to ozone-induced increases in whole-tree water stress, and longer term cumulative responses were identified. These data indicate that relatively low levels of ambient ozone can significantly reduce growth of mature forest trees and that interactions between ambient ozone and climate are likely to be important modifiers of future forest growth and function. Additional studies of mechanisms of short-term response and interspecies comparisons are clearly needed.

scholarly journals No growth stimulation of Canada’s boreal forest under half-century of combined warming and CO2 fertilization

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (52) ◽  
pp. E8406-E8414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Girardin ◽  
Olivier Bouriaud ◽  
Edward H. Hogg ◽  
Werner Kurz ◽  
Niklaus E. Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Growth Variability

Considerable evidence exists that current global temperatures are higher than at any time during the past millennium. However, the long-term impacts of rising temperatures and associated shifts in the hydrological cycle on the productivity of ecosystems remain poorly understood for mid to high northern latitudes. Here, we quantify species-specific spatiotemporal variability in terrestrial aboveground biomass stem growth across Canada’s boreal forests from 1950 to the present. We use 873 newly developed tree-ring chronologies from Canada’s National Forest Inventory, representing an unprecedented degree of sampling standardization for a large-scale dendrochronological study. We find significant regional- and species-related trends in growth, but the positive and negative trends compensate each other to yield no strong overall trend in forest growth when averaged across the Canadian boreal forest. The spatial patterns of growth trends identified in our analysis were to some extent coherent with trends estimated by remote sensing, but there are wide areas where remote-sensing information did not match the forest growth trends. Quantifications of tree growth variability as a function of climate factors and atmospheric CO2 concentration reveal strong negative temperature and positive moisture controls on spatial patterns of tree growth rates, emphasizing the ecological sensitivity to regime shifts in the hydrological cycle. An enhanced dependence of forest growth on soil moisture during the late-20th century coincides with a rapid rise in summer temperatures and occurs despite potential compensating effects from increased atmospheric CO2 concentration.

Climatic comparisons with tree-ring data from montane forests: are the climatic data appropriate?

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Kimball ◽  
MaryBeth Keifer
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Monthly Temperature ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Mount Washington

The appropriateness of relating spatially proximate (40-km radius) temperature and precipitation data from different elevations to montane forest growth patterns was investigated for Mount Washington, New Hampshire. Monthly mean temperature and total precipitation data (1933–1983) were correlated (p < 0.05) among all pairs of meteorological stations (280, 420, 610, 1915 m and regional averages) on or near Mount Washington. The unexplained variance (1 − r2) for precipitation comparisons between meteorological stations was greater relative to temperature. When correlated with the average tree-ring index chronology of 90 red spruce trees on Mount Washington (800–1200 m), the monthly temperature data yielded similar correlative patterns among the four meteorological stations. However, the monthly temperature data from the meteorological stations (610 and 1915 m) most proximate to the montane forest study site were correlated (p < 0.10) with the tree-ring indices for two to three times as many months as the temperature data from the lower elevations. There was no consistency in correlative results of tree-ring indices with monthly precipitation data among the four meteorological stations. However, precipitation measurements and Palmer drought indices are poor indicators of moisture availability in montane forests. We conclude that spatially proximate, low elevation temperature data can underestimate correlative relationships between temperature and montane tree-ring data in the northeastern United States.

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