scholarly journals COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF CONVERTING AGRICULTURAL LAND INTO SOLAR FARM USING RS & GIS: CASE OF TARLAC PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W6-2021 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
A. D. de Luna ◽  
C. E. B. Pascual ◽  
J. A. Principe ◽  
M. R. C. O. Ang
Keyword(s):  
Image Classification ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Suitability Map

Abstract. The Philippines relies heavily on fossil fuels. With its high energy consumption, the country is at risk economically because of possible supply constraints by exporters, and price fluctuations of fossil fuels. One alternative to fossil fuels is solar. This study aims to explore the use of satellite data analytics and Geographic Information System (GIS) in making a granular site suitability assessment for solar photovoltaic (PV) projects in the province of Tarlac and perform a cost-benefit analysis for rice field conversion to solar farms. Remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques were used to estimate values of factors and constraints to generate a suitability map of solar farm installation in Tarlac considering rice yield. Input data such as Sentinel 2A image tiles and statistical data from databases online were gathered and geospatial analyst processes were done, particularly in assigning weights to the said factors and constraints. For accuracy assessment of image classification, values of kappa coefficient (k) and overall accuracy (OA) were computed. A final suitability map is then applied together with the constraints. This is then compared with existing and upcoming solar farm projects to see if the suitability map can be considered or there is analysis on whether a prime rice field had been converted. Costs, on one hand, such as the forgone net profit from the agricultural land and rice yield loss was presented. The benefits, on the other hand, include the estimated net returns of the solar farm, the amount of energy generated, and the reduced carbon emissions. Different ranges for several of the variables were considered so a more thorough analysis could be presented. Values of k and OA were 62.2% and 71.27%, respectively, indicating a satisfactory accuracy of image classification. In all instances it was shown that in terms of the costs and benefits considered, agricultural land conversion into solar farms may be beneficial for the province of Tarlac. The study showed that this would match the estimated net profit of rice farm areas selected at around ₱123 M with ₱133 M, but at best estimated net profits could go as high as around ₱5 M. This study has also emphasized the environmental benefit of converting agricultural areas to solar farms by lowering the province’s dependence on non-renewable sources of energy, particularly coal in this case. The approximated reduction in emissions was 33.7% of the emissions of the whole province. It was also notable how much of the national rice supply could be affected as rice supply for more than 200,000 people for a year would have to be forgone.

scholarly journals Study of Indonesia’s Solar Energy Implementation Using Identification of Potency, Policies, and Cost-Benefit Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Mochammad Donny Anggoro ◽  
Diana Siregar ◽  
Regina Ninggar ◽  
Satriyo Wicaksono ◽  
Soo Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Radiation Intensity

The solar PV systems are semiconductor devices that precisely convert sunlight into electricity, through the transfer of electrons. They provide several advantages, such as high modularity, zero noise, and adequate availability of solar resources in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the potency, policy perspective, and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the solar energy implementation for electricity generation. A statistical analysis was used for measuring potency, as well as reviewing opportunistic policies and barriers. A review of some CBA-based journals was also carried out, to determine that the development of solar power electricity had more benefit than fossil fuels and LCOE (Levelized Cost Of Electricity). The results of the 10-days average value calculation in 2019 were 388-563 W/m2, with the maximum values at 1137-1604 W/m2. Meanwhile the analysis of the maximum hourly averages for Western, Central, and Eastern Indonesia were 570-719, 634-758, and 559-627 W/m2 at 11.00-12.00 WIB, 11.00-13.00 WITA, and 12.00-13.00 WIT, respectively. The potency of solar radiation intensity in Indonesia was averagely 150-750 W/m2, as the highest values were found in East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Merauke.

A cost-benefit analysis of rice field winter flooding for conservation purposes in Camargue, Southern France

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Niang ◽  
Claire A. Pernollet ◽  
Michel Gauthier-Clerc ◽  
Matthieu Guillemain
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Winter Flooding

scholarly journals Cost-benefit analysis of accommodation spasm prevention programs for schoolchildren

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-691
Author(s):  
M.O. Starinets ◽  
O.M. Oсheredko
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Accommodation Spasm

Annotation. The relevance of the study is due to the prevalence of accommodation spasm in schoolchildren and the uncertainty regarding the clinical and economic effectiveness of prevention programs. The aim of the study was to develop a new approach to cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of programs for the prevention of spasm accommodation in schoolchildren. The proposed methodology is based on the economic theory of moral hazard and included analytical optimization with the derivation of the equilibrium model. The data are organized into a dynamic sample of schoolchildren with a panel design with replenishment with first-graders during 2012–2015, followed by observation until 2017 with sample size of 1115. It has been established that from a cost-benefit perspective, additional measures of an expanded prevention program, aimed primarily at improving compliance and improving the management of a standard program, provide a net profit in 42.45% of students (430 out of 1013). It has been established that the benefits of an expanded program increase in terms of cost-benefit compared to the existing one: in the schoolchildren with tonsillitis, burdened heredity, daily continuous computer work for more than 2 hours, the presence of stressful situations, a history of eclipses in the eyes. To evaluate preventive programs, future gains should be considered, since this problem is even more clearly related to the prevention of myopia. This will lead to greater efficiency of the expanded program due to better clinical efficacy (not shown in the article).

Estimating the Social Cost of Using Agricultural Land in the Punjab

1975 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-314
Author(s):  
Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Cost ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Cost

Pakistan, like any developing country, must regularly divert some of the scarce agricultural land to an alternative use—to another crop, to a site for a reservoir or a plant for processing agriculture's output, or to industrial, com¬mercial or housing purposes. This paper is an exercise in estimating he social cost of releasing agricultural land in the Punjab for use in another activity. It will, hopefully, serve as a model for planners and policy-makers who are con¬fronted with specific projects requiring cost-benefit analysis. For example, Pakistan's Fifth Five-Year Plan calls for construction of numerous sugar mills, sites for which will require an estimated 100 acres of agricultural land per mill. The-cost of using this land for sugar refining may be expressed in terms of the net value of the agricultural output foregone. Similarly, if cane cultivation > is extended to provide input for the refineries, its cost must be evaluated by the value of the crops which are foregone.

The Social Cost-Benefit Analysis as Estimation Methodology: Case Study for Infrastructure Projects

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
Samanta Petohleb Černeha ◽  
Maja Klun ◽  
Srečko Devjak
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Local public investments are financed by budget funds (state, county, local), debt funds (loans or credits, municipal obligations) and non-debt funds (users’ charges and methods and techniques of public-private partnership). In this paper some theoretical issues about cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and advantages and limitations in applying it are discussed. CBA is used in the public sector in making decisions where it is relatively easy to determine the costs, but the expected benefits can be difficult to express in monetary value. To ensure an equitable quantity of financial sources according to negative difference between inflows and outflows is one of the most important goals of the project. Based on theoretical framework about CBA, a calculation was made on social profitability of the project Public sewerage and water protection in the Region of Istria. The main conclusion of this paper is that if the project achieves the social profitability, net profit and high economic internal rate of return, it is possible to accept the realization of the project.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

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