scholarly journals Earthquake preparedness among religious minority groups: the case of the Jewish ultra-Orthodox society in Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-337
Author(s):  
Zvika Orr ◽  
Tehila Erblich ◽  
Shifra Unger ◽  
Osnat Barnea ◽  
Moshe Weinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Earthquake Preparedness ◽  
Cultural Minority ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
High Level

Abstract. To work effectively, emergency management systems that deal with earthquake threats must consider the needs of religious minority groups. Studies regarding earthquake preparedness among marginalized social–cultural groups can highlight ways to improve it. Recently, some research has focused on the effect of religion on earthquake preparedness. However, very few studies have connected the two and examined earthquake preparedness among religious groups that are also a social–cultural minority in relation to the authorities. This study examines the effects of religious beliefs and customs on earthquake preparedness among the Jewish ultra-Orthodox community in Israel, a significant religious minority with unique social, cultural, and economic characteristics. Data were obtained using mixed methods including a survey, in-depth interviews, and focus groups. Results demonstrated that the majority of the community had a low level of hazard knowledge and a high level of disbelief that a devastating earthquake would occur in their area in the near future. This is despite a long-documented history of earthquakes that devastated the Levant and, in particular, dwelling locations for this community. Low exposure to media, insularity of educational institutions, and suspicion toward state authorities were shown to hinder preparedness, while strong social capital improved it. This research is unique for it studies a religious group that is also a cultural minority, which, therefore, requires special adaptations. Some of the recommended adaptations include receiving support from religious leaders, publishing preparation guidelines in proper settings, working with civilian organizations that are seen as legitimate by the religious communities, and adapting technologies and information to be religiously appropriate. To conclude, this research offers a perspective on the complex reality of hazard preparedness in a religiously diverse country. The conclusions are applicable to other countries and natural hazards.

scholarly journals Earthquake preparedness among religious minority groups: The case of the Jewish ultra-orthodox society in Israel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehila Erblich ◽  
Zvika Orr ◽  
Shifra Gottlieb ◽  
Osnat Barnea ◽  
Moshe Weinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Earthquake Preparedness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
High Level

Abstract. To work effectively, emergency management systems that address the threat of an earthquake must consider the needs of minority groups. Studies have been conducted regarding earthquake preparedness among marginalized social-cultural groups and on ways to improve it. However, very few studies have examined this in the context of religious minority groups, even though religious frameworks can have an impact on emergency preparedness. This study examined the effects of religious beliefs and customs on earthquake preparedness among the Jewish ultra-orthodox community in Israel, a significant religious minority with unique social, cultural, and economic characteristics. Findings obtained using mixed methods that included a survey and in-depth interviews demonstrated that the majority of the community had a low level of hazard knowledge and a high level of disbelief that a devastating earthquake would occur in their area in the near future. This is despite a long-documented history of earthquakes that devastated the Levant. Low exposure to media, insularity of educational institutions, and suspicious attitudes toward state authorities were shown to hinder preparedness, whilst strong social capital improves it. Religious beliefs affected preparedness both positively and negatively. Practical recommendations for policymakers to improve preparedness in religiously diverse societies include receiving support from religious leaders and adapting technologies and information to be religiously appropriate. The findings establish that religion is a significant factor that influences all stages of disaster response and consequently, must be taken into consideration when attempting to upgrade preparedness.

“True Faith and Allegiance”—Religion and the FBI

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester A. Johnson ◽  
Steven Weitzman
Keyword(s):  
Religious Communities ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religion And State

This chapter explains on how the FBI’s relationship with various American religious groups complicates the typical category of religion-and-state issues. It begins with the post-9/11 era then relates the long history of the FBI engaging with religion. The chapter explains how the bureau has practiced skepticism toward religion at times while also seeking an alliance with religion at other times. The chapter argues for the importance of situating the post-9/11 era within a longer history of the FBI’s interaction with America’s religious communities.

Intercultural Dimensions in the Information Society

2011 ◽  
pp. 74-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nektaria Palaiologou
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Networked Learning ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cultural Minority ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Information And Communication

Nowadays, it is a common ascertainment that information and communication technologies (ICTs) and networked learning are not easy to access for many people in non-Western societies and for those who belong in etho-cultural minority groups. As a result, one of the major drawbacks in networked learning programs is miscommunication amongst culturally-diverse participant users, which, to a great extent, is due to the lack of services that meet the needs of various socio-cultural groups of people. In addition, there is great need for multi-language Web sites (such as educational programmes, curricula, and software) in order to emphasise the importance of culture as a dimension which should be incorporated in modern ICT implementations. A literature review approach is followed so as to review statements and studies in the joint field of ICTs.

Comparing antecedents of voluntary job turnover among majority and minority employees

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 735-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joep Hofhuis ◽  
Karen I. Van der Zee ◽  
Sabine Otten
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Career Advancement ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intercultural Leadership ◽  
Cultural Minority ◽  
Negative Social Interactions ◽  
Actual Turnover

Purpose – Cultural minority employees often display higher rates of voluntary turnover than majority employees, which reduces organizations’ ability to benefit from diversity in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to identify specific job domains which are responsible for this difference. Design/methodology/approach – Study 1 compares actual turnover motives of voluntarily resigned minority and majority employees, based on seven job domains. Study 2 compares satisfaction with the same domains, and the subsequent relationship with turnover intentions, of remaining employees within the same organization. Findings – The two studies provided consistent results, revealing that minority employees experience more negative social interactions in the workplace, and experience less opportunities for career advancement. Both factors are shown to be more predictive of turnover intentions as well as actual turnover decisions among minority employees. Research limitations/implications – This research makes use of a distinction between several broad job domains, two which are shown to predict turnover of minority employees. Future studies should focus on uncovering more specific factors involved in these two particular domains. Practical implications – Based on the results, the authors advise organizations to pay specific attention to reducing negative social interactions between cultural groups and fostering inclusion, for example, through interventions aimed at intercultural leadership and establishing a strong diversity climate. These activities may also support career advancement of minority employees, but more specific interventions aimed at equality in career perspectives could also help reduce minority turnover. Originality/value – This paper is the first to directly compare turnover motives and predictors of turnover intentions between majority and minority groups in the same organization.

Race, the Law, and Religion in America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Graziano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Religion And Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
Material Power

The history of race, religion, and law in the United States is a story about who gets to be human and the relevance of human difference to political and material power. Each side in this argument marshaled a variety of scientific, theological, and intellectual arguments supporting its position. Consequently, we should not accept a simple binary in which religion either supports or obstructs processes of racialization in American history. Race and religion, rather, are co-constitutive. They have been defined and measured together since Europeans’ arrival in the western hemisphere. A focus on legal history is one way to track these developments. One of the primary contradictions in the relationship between religion and race in the U.S. legal system has been that, despite the promise of individual religious free exercise enshrined in the Constitution, dominant strands of American culture have long identified certain racial and religious groups as a threat to the security of the nation. The expansion of rights to minority groups has been, and remains, contested in American culture. “Race,” as Americans came to think about it, was encoded in laws, adjudicated in courts, enforced through government action, and conditioned everyday life. Ideas of race were closely related to religious and cultural assumptions about human nature and human origins. Much of the history of the United States, and the western hemisphere of which it is part, is linked to changing ideas about—even the emergence of—a terminology of “race,” “religion,” and related concepts.

Intercultural Dimensions in the Information Society

2011 ◽  
pp. 274-285
Author(s):  
Nektaria Palaiologou
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Networked Learning ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cultural Minority ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
Information And Communication

Nowadays, it is a common ascertainment that information and communication technologies (ICTs) and networked learning are not easy to access for many people in non-Western societies and for those who belong in etho-cultural minority groups. As a result, one of the major drawbacks in networked learning programs is miscommunication amongst culturally-diverse participant users, which, to a great extent, is due to the lack of services that meet the needs of various socio-cultural groups of people. In addition, there is great need for multi-language Web sites (such as educational programmes, curricula, and software) in order to emphasise the importance of culture as a dimension which should be incorporated in modern ICT implementations. A literature review approach is followed so as to review statements and studies in the joint field of ICTs.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Integral Keilmuan Keagamaan Dan Konteks Sosial Kebudayaan Dalam Menjawab Isu-Isu Kontemporer

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alie Humaedi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Culture Education

Hundreds of Islamic higher education has been developing in Indonesia. Despite its existence, the struggle may not yet be considered significant compared to public universities. On the other hand, Indonesia has a high level of multiculturalism and major religious communities which can trigger a better product of Islamic higher education. This fact shows that prominent problems still rise both in the structure and paradigm of the distinct teaching, also in the level of how scholar responses in contemporary issues. The blame can be taken to the reality that the learning paradigm and structure are still providing limitation in specific religious knowledge. In order to establish an Islamic higher education to be called the center of learning and research as an agent of civilization development, the religious and integral social culture education must be capable in determining the cultural context and geo-history of the people which affects both the internality of a religion and the daily practices. Puluhan bahkan ratusan pendidikan tinggi agama Islam telah ada di Indonesia. Bila dibandingkan dengan pendidikan tinggi umum, kiprahnya pun masih belum terlihat banyak. Padahal, di tengah tingkat keberagamaan dan jumlah pemeluk agama yang besar, tentu keberadaan dan perannya bisa lebih dari apa yang terlihat sekarang. Artinya, ada masalah krusial, baik dalam struktur dan paradigma keilmuan yang diajarkan, maupun tingkat pemahaman para sivitas dalam menjawab isu-isu kontemporer. Ujung pangkalnya tetap satu, yaitu struktur dan paradigma keilmuan yang masih sebatas pengkajian spesifik ilmu-ilmu agama saja. Pendidikan integral ilmu agama dan keilmuan sosial kebudayaan yang bisa membaca dan mengangkat konteks kultur dan geo-historis masyarakat, yang berpengaruh dalam internalisasi keagamaannya ataupun praktik kehidupan pelaku, sangat penting untuk dirumuskan dan ditetapkan sebagai bagian tidak terpisah mencipta pendidikan tinggi agama Islam yang menjadi center of learning and research, sekaligus agen perubahan di masyarakat.

scholarly journals REGISTRATION OF RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
Sergej Flere
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
European Court ◽  
Religious Cultures ◽  
Venice Commission

In the text regimes of religious community registration by statutory law in European countries is reviewed. Although freedom of religion is declared as a pricniple at the European level and individual constitutional provisions, varied obstacles to registering religious communities are set. They may reflect fear of abuse of religion or the intent to safeguard the hegemony of a traditionally entrenched religion. Some of these obstacles are historically entrenched, whereas in post-Communist countries they have been set during democrratic reconstruction. States differ in conditions for registration, in bodies competent to act upon such supplications, procedures in reviewing them and in practice. A trend toward reaching the standards set by the Europeaн Convention on Human Rights may be discerned. The major policies of the Venice Commission regarding religious liberty and a number of standard setting judgments by the European Court of Human Rights, regarding religious liberty, particularly within the registration of religious groups are reviewed in continuation. These policies and judgments ensue from a strict vision of individual and collective religious rights and may collide with traditional religious cultures favouring an entrenched church, within various confessional traditions in Europe. These opinions and judgments present a limited but important instrument of affirmation of religious liberty and suppressing state arbitrariness in the treatment of religious freedom, particularly of minority groups and beliefs. Problems of Orthodox cultures are stressed.

scholarly journals Art and Heterodoxy in the Dutch Enlightenment

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 324-356
Author(s):  
Nina Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Art History ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Art World ◽  
Religious Minority ◽  
Dutch Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Members

Abstract This paper considers the artist Arnold Houbraken (1660–1719) as an unconventional Christian and sheds new light on his representation of artists from religious minority groups in his Great Theatre of Netherlandish Painters and Painteresses (1718–1721). By exploring Houbraken’s years within the Flemish Mennonite milieu in Dordrecht (1660–ca. 1685) and investigating his representation of religious difference in his biographies within The Great Theatre, this study extends scholarship on Houbraken beyond the current focus on his later years as a writer in Amsterdam, and it offers findings on the experience and reception history of nonconformists and religious minority group members, like the spiritualist David Joris and the Mennonite martyr Jan Woutersz van Cuyck (among others), within the Dutch art world. The paper also addresses the historiographical disconnect between literature in the disciplines of art history, intellectual history, and history of religion that persisted until very recently regarding Houbraken’s status as a heterodox Enlightenment thinker.

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