scholarly journals Wintertime dynamics in the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea: the NAdEx 2015 experiment

Ocean Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Vilibić ◽  
Hrvoje Mihanović ◽  
Ivica Janeković ◽  
Cléa Denamiel ◽  
Pierre-Marie Poulain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers

Abstract. The paper investigates the wintertime dynamics of the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea and is based on numerical modelling and in situ data collected through field campaigns executed during the winter and spring of 2015. The data were collected with a variety of instruments and platforms (acoustic Doppler current profilers, conductivity–temperature–depth probes, glider, profiling float) and are accompanied by the atmosphere–ocean ALADIN/ROMS modelling system. The research focused on the dense-water formation (DWF), thermal changes, circulation, and water exchange between the coastal and open Adriatic. According to both observations and modelling results, dense waters are formed in the northeastern coastal Adriatic during cold bora outbreaks. However, the dense water formed in this coastal region has lower densities than the dense water formed in the open Adriatic due to lower salinities. Since the coastal area is deeper than the open Adriatic, the observations indicate (i) balanced inward–outward exchange at the deep connecting channels of denser waters coming from the open Adriatic DWF site and less-dense waters coming from the coastal region and (ii) outward flow of less-dense waters dominating in the intermediate and surface layers. The latter phenomenon was confirmed by the model, even if it significantly underestimates the currents and transports in the connecting channels. The median residence time of the coastal area is estimated to be approximately 20 days, indicating that the coastal area may be renewed relatively quickly by the open Adriatic waters. The data that were obtained represent a comprehensive marine dataset that can be used to calibrate atmospheric and oceanic numerical models and point to several interesting phenomena to be investigated in the future.

scholarly journals Dense water formation in the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea: the NAdEx 2015 experiment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Vilibić ◽  
Hrvoje Mihanović ◽  
Ivica Janeković ◽  
Clea Denamiel ◽  
Pierre-Marie Poulain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Modelling Effort

Abstract. The paper investigates wintertime dynamics of the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea, and is based on numerical modelling and in situ data collected through field campaigns executed during the winter and spring of 2015. The data have been collected by a variety of instruments and platforms (ADCPs, CTDs, glider, profiling float), and have been accompanied with a one-way coupled ALADIN/ROMS modelling effort. Research focus has been put on dense water formation (DWF), thermal changes and circulation, and water exchange between the coastal and open Adriatic. According to both observations and modelling results, dense waters are formed in the northeastern coastal Adriatic during cold bora outbreaks, even during milder-than-average winters (as was the winter of 2015). However, dense water formed in this coastal region has, due to lower salinities, lower densities than dense water formed at the open Adriatic. Since the sea is deeper in the coastal area than at the open Adriatic, dense waters from the open Adriatic occasionally enter the coastal area near the bottom of the connecting passages, while the surface flow is mostly outward from the coastal area. Median residence time of the coastal area is estimated to about 1–2 months, indicating that the coastal area may be relatively quickly renewed by the open Adriatic waters. The model significantly underestimates currents and transports in connecting channels, which may be a result of a too coarse resolution of atmospheric forcing, misrepresentation of bathymetry or absence of the air-sea feedback in the model. Obtained data represents a comprehensive marine dataset, pointing to a number of interesting phenomena to be investigated in the future.

scholarly journals The Adriatic Sea modelling system: a nested approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zavatarelli ◽  
N. Pinardi
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Main Circulation ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Modelling System ◽  
Circulation Characteristics

Abstract. A modelling system for the Adriatic Sea has been built within the framework of the Mediterranean Forecasting System Pilot Project. The modelling system consists of a hierarchy of three numerical models (whole Mediterranean Sea, whole Adriatic Sea, Northern Adriatic Basin) coupled among each other by simple one-way, off-line nesting techniques, to downscale the larger scale flow field to highly resolved coastal scale fields. Numerical simulations have been carried out under climatological surface forcing. Simulations were aimed to assess the effectiveness of the nesting techniques and the skill of the system to reproduce known features of the Adriatic Sea circulation phenomenology (main circulation features, dense water formation,flow at the Otranto Strait and coastal circulation characteristics over the northern Adriatic shelf), in view of the pre-operational use of the modelling system. This paper describes the modelling system setup, and discusses the simulation results for the whole Adriatic Sea and its northern basin, comparing the simulations with the observed climatological circulation characteristics. Results obtained with the northern Adriatic model are also compared with the corresponding simulations obtained with the coarser resolution Adriatic model. Key words. Oceanography: general (continental shelf processes; numerical modelling) – Oceanography: physical (general circulation)

scholarly journals The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS): a new tool to analyse the conflicts between coastal pressures and sensitivity areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bonamano ◽  
V. Piermattei ◽  
A. Madonia ◽  
F. Paladini de Mendoza ◽  
A. Pierattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
In Situ Data

Abstract. The understanding of the coastal environment is fundamental for efficiently and effectively facing the pollution phenomena, as expected by Marine Strategy Directive, which is focused on the achievement of Good Environmental Status (GES) by all Member States by 2020. To address this, the Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology developed a multi-platform observing network that has been in operation since 2005 in the coastal marine area of Civitavecchia, where multiple uses and high ecological values closely coexist. The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS), implemented in the current configuration, includes various modules that provide integrated information to be used in different fields of the environmental research. The long term observations acquired by the fixed stations are integrated by in situ surveys, periodically carried out for the monitoring of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water column and marine sediments, as well as of the benthic biota. The in situ data, integrated with satellite observations (e.g., temperature, chlorophyll a and TSM), are used to feed and validate the numerical models, which allow analyses and forecasting of the dynamics of conservative and non-conservative particles under different conditions. As examples of C-CEMS applications, two case studies are reported in this work: (1) the analysis of faecal bacteria dispersion for bathing water quality assessment and, (2) the evaluation of the effects of the dredged activities on Posidonia meadows, which make up most of the two sites of community importance located along the Civitavecchia coastal zone. The simulations results are combined with Posidonia oceanica distribution and bathing areas presence in order to resolve the conflicts between coastal uses (in terms of stress produced by anthropic activities) and sensitivity areas management.

Dense water formation and BiOS-induced variability in the Adriatic Sea simulated using an ocean regional circulation model

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1211-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Dunić ◽  
Ivica Vilibić ◽  
Jadranka Šepić ◽  
Samuel Somot ◽  
Florence Sevault
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
Regional Circulation ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Dense Water Formation

scholarly journals A study of the hydrographic conditions in the Adriatic Sea from numerical modelling and direct observations (2000–2008)

Ocean Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Oddo ◽  
A. Guarnieri
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Po River ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Hydrographic Conditions ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Forecasting System

Abstract. The inter-annual variability of Adriatic Sea hydrographic characteristics is investigated by means of numerical simulation and direct observation. The period under investigation runs from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2008. The model used to carry out the simulation is derived from the primitive equation component of the Adriatic Forecasting System (AFS). The model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) adapted in order to reproduce the features of the Adriatic. Both numerical findings and observations agree in depicting a strong inter-annual variability in the entire Adriatic Sea and its sub-basins. Nevertheless, two model deficiencies are identified: an excessive vertical/horizontal mixing and an inaccurate representation of the thermohaline properties of the entering Mediterranean Waters. The dense water formation process has been found to be intermittent. In addition to inter-annual variability, a long-scale signal has been observed in the salinity content of the basin as a consequence of a prolonged period of reduced Po river runoff and high evaporation rates. As a result, the temperature and salinity of the northern Adriatic dense water vary considerably between the beginning and the end of the period investigated.

scholarly journals Undercurrents in the Northeastern Black Sea Detected on the Basis of Multi-Model Experiments and Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Demyshev ◽  
Olga A. Dymova ◽  
Natalia V. Markova ◽  
Evgenia A. Korshenko ◽  
Maksim V. Senderov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Simulation Results

Numerical simulation results of the Black Sea circulation obtained by four ocean dynamics models are compared to each other and to in situ data in order to determine the features of the Black Sea deep-water circulation such as deep-water undercurrents. The year 2011 is chosen as the test period due to the availability of deep-sea observations, including ARGO profiles and ADCP current velocities. Validation of the simulation results is based on comparison with the temperature and salinity measured by the ARGO floats. Anticyclonic currents (undercurrents) under the cyclonic Rim Current are detected by the results of all numerical models near the North Caucasian coast. The main characteristics of undercurrents are consistent with in situ data on current velocity up to a depth of 1000 m obtained by the Aqualog probe at the IO RAS test site near Gelendzhik in June 2011. The analysis of the spatio-temporal variability of the modeled salinity and velocity fields reveals that the most probable origin of the undercurrents is the horizontal density gradient of seawater in the region.

scholarly journals A Study of the hydrographic conditions in the Adriatic Sea from numerical modelling and direct observations (2000–2008)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Oddo ◽  
A. Guarnieri
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Po River ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Hydrographic Conditions ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Forecasting System

Abstract. The inter-annual variability of Adriatic Sea hydrographic characteristics is investigated by means of numerical simulation and direct observation. The period investigated runs from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2008. The model used to carry out the simulation is derived from the primitive equation component of the Adriatic Forecasting System (AFS). The model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) adapted in order to reproduce the features of the Adriatic. Both numerical findings and observations agree in depicting a strong inter-annual variability in the entire Adriatic Sea and its sub-basins. The dense water formation process has been found to be intermittent. In addition to inter-annual variability, a long-scale signal has been observed in the salinity content of the basin as a consequence of a prolonged period of reduced Po river runoff and high evaporation rates. As a result, the temperature and salinity of the northern Adriatic dense water vary considerably between the beginning and the end of the period investigated.

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