scholarly journals A Unified Ice Microphysical Parameterization for Numerical Models: Development and Testing with In-situ Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Y. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Microphysical Parameterization

scholarly journals The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS): a new tool to analyse the conflicts between coastal pressures and sensitivity areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bonamano ◽  
V. Piermattei ◽  
A. Madonia ◽  
F. Paladini de Mendoza ◽  
A. Pierattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
In Situ Data

Abstract. The understanding of the coastal environment is fundamental for efficiently and effectively facing the pollution phenomena, as expected by Marine Strategy Directive, which is focused on the achievement of Good Environmental Status (GES) by all Member States by 2020. To address this, the Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology developed a multi-platform observing network that has been in operation since 2005 in the coastal marine area of Civitavecchia, where multiple uses and high ecological values closely coexist. The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS), implemented in the current configuration, includes various modules that provide integrated information to be used in different fields of the environmental research. The long term observations acquired by the fixed stations are integrated by in situ surveys, periodically carried out for the monitoring of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water column and marine sediments, as well as of the benthic biota. The in situ data, integrated with satellite observations (e.g., temperature, chlorophyll a and TSM), are used to feed and validate the numerical models, which allow analyses and forecasting of the dynamics of conservative and non-conservative particles under different conditions. As examples of C-CEMS applications, two case studies are reported in this work: (1) the analysis of faecal bacteria dispersion for bathing water quality assessment and, (2) the evaluation of the effects of the dredged activities on Posidonia meadows, which make up most of the two sites of community importance located along the Civitavecchia coastal zone. The simulations results are combined with Posidonia oceanica distribution and bathing areas presence in order to resolve the conflicts between coastal uses (in terms of stress produced by anthropic activities) and sensitivity areas management.

scholarly journals Time Variations in Ocean Bottom Pressure from a Few Hours to Many Years: In Situ Data, Numerical Models, and GRACE Satellite Gravimetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (8) ◽  
pp. 5612-5623 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Poropat ◽  
H. Dobslaw ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
A. Macrander ◽  
O. Boebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Bottom Pressure ◽  
Ocean Bottom Pressure ◽  
Satellite Gravimetry ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Grace Satellite Gravimetry ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Grace Satellite

scholarly journals Wintertime dynamics in the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea: the NAdEx 2015 experiment

Ocean Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Vilibić ◽  
Hrvoje Mihanović ◽  
Ivica Janeković ◽  
Cléa Denamiel ◽  
Pierre-Marie Poulain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Dense Water Formation ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers

Abstract. The paper investigates the wintertime dynamics of the coastal northeastern Adriatic Sea and is based on numerical modelling and in situ data collected through field campaigns executed during the winter and spring of 2015. The data were collected with a variety of instruments and platforms (acoustic Doppler current profilers, conductivity–temperature–depth probes, glider, profiling float) and are accompanied by the atmosphere–ocean ALADIN/ROMS modelling system. The research focused on the dense-water formation (DWF), thermal changes, circulation, and water exchange between the coastal and open Adriatic. According to both observations and modelling results, dense waters are formed in the northeastern coastal Adriatic during cold bora outbreaks. However, the dense water formed in this coastal region has lower densities than the dense water formed in the open Adriatic due to lower salinities. Since the coastal area is deeper than the open Adriatic, the observations indicate (i) balanced inward–outward exchange at the deep connecting channels of denser waters coming from the open Adriatic DWF site and less-dense waters coming from the coastal region and (ii) outward flow of less-dense waters dominating in the intermediate and surface layers. The latter phenomenon was confirmed by the model, even if it significantly underestimates the currents and transports in the connecting channels. The median residence time of the coastal area is estimated to be approximately 20 days, indicating that the coastal area may be renewed relatively quickly by the open Adriatic waters. The data that were obtained represent a comprehensive marine dataset that can be used to calibrate atmospheric and oceanic numerical models and point to several interesting phenomena to be investigated in the future.

scholarly journals Undercurrents in the Northeastern Black Sea Detected on the Basis of Multi-Model Experiments and Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Demyshev ◽  
Olga A. Dymova ◽  
Natalia V. Markova ◽  
Evgenia A. Korshenko ◽  
Maksim V. Senderov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Simulation Results

Numerical simulation results of the Black Sea circulation obtained by four ocean dynamics models are compared to each other and to in situ data in order to determine the features of the Black Sea deep-water circulation such as deep-water undercurrents. The year 2011 is chosen as the test period due to the availability of deep-sea observations, including ARGO profiles and ADCP current velocities. Validation of the simulation results is based on comparison with the temperature and salinity measured by the ARGO floats. Anticyclonic currents (undercurrents) under the cyclonic Rim Current are detected by the results of all numerical models near the North Caucasian coast. The main characteristics of undercurrents are consistent with in situ data on current velocity up to a depth of 1000 m obtained by the Aqualog probe at the IO RAS test site near Gelendzhik in June 2011. The analysis of the spatio-temporal variability of the modeled salinity and velocity fields reveals that the most probable origin of the undercurrents is the horizontal density gradient of seawater in the region.

scholarly journals The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS): a new tool to analyze the conflicts between coastal pressures and sensitivity areas

Ocean Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bonamano ◽  
V. Piermattei ◽  
A. Madonia ◽  
F. Paladini de Mendoza ◽  
A. Pierattini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
In Situ Data

Abstract. The understanding of the coastal environment is fundamental for efficiently and effectively facing the pollution phenomena as expected by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, and for limiting the conflicts between anthropic activities and sensitivity areas, as stated by Maritime Spatial Planning Directive. To address this, the Laboratory of Experimental Oceanology and Marine Ecology developed a multi-platform observing network that has been in operation since 2005 in the coastal marine area of Civitavecchia (Latium, Italy) where multiple uses and high ecological values closely coexist. The Civitavecchia Coastal Environment Monitoring System (C-CEMS), implemented in the current configuration, includes various components allowing one to analyze the coastal conflicts by an ecosystem-based approach. The long-term observations acquired by the fixed stations are integrated with in situ data collected for the analysis of the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water column, sea bottom and pollution sources detected along the coast. The in situ data, integrated with satellite observations (e.g., temperature, chlorophyll a and TSM), are used to feed and validate the numerical models, which allow the analysis and forecasting of the dynamics of pollutant dispersion under different conditions. To test the potential capabilities of C-CEMS, two case studies are reported here: (1) the analysis of fecal bacteria dispersion for bathing water quality assessment, and (2) the evaluation of the effects of the dredged activities on Posidonia meadows, which make up most of the two sites of community importance located along the Civitavecchia coastal zone. The simulation outputs are overlapped by the thematic maps showing bathing areas and Posidonia oceanica distribution, thus giving a first practical tool that could improve the resolution of the conflicts between coastal uses (in terms of stress produced by anthropic activities) and sensitivity areas.

scholarly journals Hydro-physical processes at the plunge point: an analysis using satellite and in situ data

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3689-3700 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Assireu ◽  
E. Alcântara ◽  
E. M. L. M. Novo ◽  
F. Roland ◽  
F. S. Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Density Currents ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
River Reservoir

Abstract. The plunge point is the main mixing point between river and epilimnetic reservoir water. Plunge point monitoring is essential for understanding the behavior of density currents and their implications for reservoir. The use of satellite imagery products from different sensors (Landsat TM band 6 thermal signatures and visible channels) for the characterization of the river-reservoir transition zone is presented in this study. It is demonstrated the feasibility of using Landsat TM band imagery to discern the subsurface river plumes and the plunge point. The spatial variability of the plunge point evident in the hydrologic data illustrates the advantages of synoptic satellite measurements over in situ point measurements alone to detect the river-reservoir transition zone. During the dry season, when the river-reservoir water temperature differences vanish and the river circulation is characterized by interflow-overflow, the river water inserts into the upper layers of the reservoir, affecting water quality. The results indicate a good agreement between hydrologic and satellite data and that the joint use of thermal and visible channel data for the operational monitoring of a plunge point is feasible. The deduced information about the density current from this study could potentially be assimilated into numerical models and hence be of significant interest for environmental and climatological research.

scholarly journals Technological Advances in Drifters for Oil Transport Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Novelli ◽  
Cédric M. Guigand ◽  
Tamay M. Özgökmen
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Oil Transport ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Material Sciences

AbstractAdvances in drifter technology applied to oil spill studies from 1970 to the present are summarized here. Initially, drifters designed for oil spill response were intended to remotely track trajectories of accidental spills and help guide responders. Most recently, inexpensive biodegradable drifters were developed for massive deployments, making it possible to significantly improve numerical transport models and to investigate, via observations, the processes leading to dispersion and accumulation of surface pollutants across multiple scales. Over the past 50 years, drifters have benefited from constant improvements in electronics for accurate and frequent location and data transmission, as well as progress in material sciences to reduce fabrication costs and minimize the environmental impact of sacrificial instruments. The large amount of in-situ data provided by drifters, covering a broad area, is crucial to validate the numerical models and remote sensing products that are becoming more important in guiding response and policy decisions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Satellite and Reanalysis Wind Products with In Situ Wave Glider Wind Observations in the Southern Ocean

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2551-2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Schmidt ◽  
Sebastiaan Swart ◽  
Chris Reason ◽  
Sarah-Anne Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Reanalysis Product ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wave Glider

AbstractSurface ocean wind datasets are required to be of high spatial and temporal resolution and high precision to accurately force or be assimilated into coupled atmosphere–ocean numerical models and to understand ocean–atmospheric processes. In situ observed sea surface winds from the Southern Ocean are scarce and, consequently, the validity of simulation models is often questionable. Multiple wind data products were compared to the first known high-resolution in situ measurements of wind speed from Wave Glider (WG) deployments in the Southern Ocean with the intent to determine which blended satellite or reanalysis product best represents the magnitude and variability of the observed wind field. Results show that the ECMWF reanalysis product is the most accurate in representing the temporal variability of winds, exhibiting consistently higher correlation coefficients with in situ data across all wind speed categories. However, the NCEP–DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis product matches in situ trends of deviation from the mean and performs best in depicting the mean wind state, especially during high wind states. The ECMWF product also leads to smaller differences in wind speeds from the in situ data, while CFSv2 showed slightly higher biases and a greater RMSE. The SeaWinds (SW) product consistently performed poorly at representing the mean or wind stress variability compared to those observed by the WG. Overall, the study shows autonomous surface vehicles provide valuable observations by which to validate, understand, and potentially assist in correcting satellite/reanalysis products, particularly in remote regions, where few in situ estimates exist.

STORM ICE OIL WIND WAVE WATCH SYSTEM (SIOWS): WEB GIS APPLICATION FOR MONITORING THE ARCTIC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Alexander Myasoedov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Sergey Azarov ◽  
Ekaterina Balashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Watch System

Working with satellite data, has long been an issue for users which has often prevented from a wider use of these data because of Volume, Access, Format and Data Combination. The purpose of the Storm Ice Oil Wind Wave Watch System (SIOWS) developed at Satellite Oceanography Laboratory (SOLab) is to solve the main issues encountered with satellite data and to provide users with a fast and flexible tool to select and extract data within massive archives that match exactly its needs or interest improving the efficiency of the monitoring system of geophysical conditions in the Arctic. SIOWS - is a Web GIS, designed to display various satellite, model and in situ data, it uses developed at SOLab storing, processing and visualization technologies for operational and archived data. It allows synergistic analysis of both historical data and monitoring of the current state and dynamics of the "ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere" system in the Arctic region, as well as Arctic system forecasting based on thermodynamic models with satellite data assimilation.

scholarly journals Critical Dynamics of Defects and Mechanisms of Damage-Failure Transitions in Fatigue

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Oleg Naimark ◽  
Vladimir Oborin ◽  
Mikhail Bannikov ◽  
Dmitry Ledon
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Preliminary Deformation ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Fish Eye ◽  
Very High

An experimental methodology was developed for estimating a very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) life of the aluminum alloy AMG-6 subjected to preliminary deformation. The analysis of fatigue damage staging is based on the measurement of elastic modulus decrement according to “in situ” data of nonlinear dynamics of free-end specimen vibrations at the VHCF test. The correlation of fatigue damage staging and fracture surface morphology was studied to establish the scaling properties and kinetic equations for damage localization, “fish-eye” nucleation, and transition to the Paris crack kinetics. These equations, based on empirical parameters related to the structure of the material, allows us to estimate the number of cycles for the nucleation and advance of fatigue crack.

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