scholarly journals Abject Object Relations and Epistemic Engagement in Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Scott-Fordsmand
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Object Relations ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Type Object ◽  
Epistemic Object ◽  
Point Of Departure

The article engages with medical practice to develop a philosophically informed understanding of epistemic engagement in medicine, and epistemic object relations more broadly. I take point of departure in the clinal encounter and draw on French psychoanalytical theory to develop and expand a taxonomy already proposed by Karin Knorr-Cetina. Doing so, I argue for the addition of an abject type object relation, that is, the encounter with objects that transgress frameworks and disrupt further investigation, hence preventing dynamic engagement and negatively shaping our epistemic pathways. The article is primarily theoretical although partly grounded in qualitative fieldwork.

Integral Metatheory in the Time of COVID: Implications for Medical and Nursing Teaching and Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. HumanCaring-D-20-00027
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Darcy
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Illness Experience ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Interpretive Framework

Ken Wilber's integral metatheory is an interpretive framework that can that be applied to the clinical practice of medicine and medical and nursing education. It offers a comprehensive view of the patient illness experience superior to current models of patient care and may provide a valuable guide for nursing and medical practice and teaching. This article seeks to explain some of the basic concepts of integral metatheory and show their potential application to practice and teaching using the current COVID-19 pandemic as an illustrative model.

scholarly journals Psycho-semiotic model of thinking. Combining Klein and Peirce theory of symbol for more comprehensive model of mind

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Marta Iwaszuk
Keyword(s):  
Object Relations ◽  
Object Representation ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Melanie Klein ◽  
Sign Theory ◽  
Semiotic Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Individual Potential ◽  
Semiotic Perspective ◽  
Definition Of

Thesis: Aim of the paper is to present Melanie Klein and Charles S. Peirce concept of symbol in order to combine them into scheme that presents conscious and unconscious aspect of thinking through symbolic signs (signs based on convention). Presented concepts: Paper presents concept of symbol in psychoanalytical and semiotic perspective. Psychoanalytical view is based on interpretation of symbol according to object relation paradigm proposed by Klein. There are two reasons for selecting her theory for the model: it is most closely bound with interdependency between communication and thinking plus her concept of proper symbol fulfills definition of symbolic sign in Peirce theory, due to deployment of matter of absence in substitution process. Peirce theory however is selected to present semiotic perspective not only for its good linkage to Klein’s “proper symbol” but also for its accurate understating of object representation in quasi- mind through Representamen and as a result recognition of symbol embedment in code through unlimited semiosis. Chosen concepts are consolidated into psycho-semiotic model of thinking which recognizes symbol to be co-created by unique internal world of unconscious phantasy with simultaneous employment of semiotic devices oriented to external, group order perspective. Results and conclusions: Proposed psycho-semiotic model of thinking enhances psychoanalytic view, based on drive for object, by recognizing communication means required for meaningful relation and with that for thinking itself. As a result conceptualizing thinking processes is enriched with semiotic discoveries such as mechanics and structure of Representamen and Interpretant, along with indispensable code rules, with unlimited semiosis at its core. In turn psychoanalytical view adds to semiotic perspective sensitivity to individual potential and constrains when code is in use and with that raises precision of exploration in the field. Contribution to the field: Proposed model enriches theory of thinking based on object relations with semiotic sign theory, which being focused on communication serves as a frame for establishing object relations and their conceptualization. In turn employing psychoanalytic perspective into semiotic field brings back code theory to actual code usage, and by that expands it to various unconscious forces, which ultimately determine Interpretant

Ethics in Medical Practice and Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Pramod Kattel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Basic Sciences ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Curricula ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Standard Of Practice

Ethics is a moral guide that helps the treatment group to be treated with due respect and care following the standard of practice. It also helps the research to be conducted without or minimal harm to the population under study. Besides ethics, clinical practice and research are guided by some nationally and internationally accepted principles or codes of conduct. The human subject under treatment or study should be respected to the utmost level and should be performed by trained personnel. The importance of ethics starts before studies so should be kept in medical curricula starting from basic sciences so that medical practitioners become acquainted from the beginning of the study.

The clinical wisdom of Thomas Szasz

Thomas Szasz ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Mantosh J. Dewan ◽  
Eugene A. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Object Relations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Object Relations Theory ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
Patient’S Experience ◽  
Physician Patient ◽  
Thomas Szasz

Besides Szasz’s controversial views are brilliant contributions to clinical practice, including the following examples: (1) He elaborated the physician-patient relationship with three models—“activity-passivity,” “guidance-cooperation,” and “mutual participation.” (2) In The Ethics of Psychoanalysis (1965), he promoted “autonomous psychotherapy,” which involved noncoercive dialogue between therapist and patient that would lead to education and growth for the latter. (3) He argued that transference is part of the analyst’s judgment and the patient’s experience, and that there is a relationship between transference and learning. (4) He used principles of “object relations” theory to explicate deeply the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Contrary to popular belief, he was not “antipsychiatry” simpliciter. As a theorist, he clarified language and tried to understand pain. As a practicing clinician, he advocated ways to help people in distress, urged embracing the freedom and autonomy of patients, and treated them as persons with abilities to help themselves.

Adrenal incidentaloma

2011 ◽  
pp. 781-788
Author(s):  
Massimo Terzolo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Adrenal Mass ◽  
Adrenal Incidentaloma ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Incidental Discovery ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Adrenal Disease ◽  
Ct And Mri

Adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass that is discovered serendipitously with a radiological examination performed for indications unrelated to adrenal disease (1). The incidental discovery of an adrenal mass has become an increasingly common problem, because of the widespread use of ultrasonography, CT, and MRI in clinical practice (2, 3). These techniques have greatly improved their power of resolution over recent years, thereby increasing the possibility of detection of tiny adrenal lumps. Several factors hinder a clear characterization of the phenomenon ‘adrenal incidentaloma’, which may be considered as a byproduct of technology applied to medical practice. Adrenal incidentaloma is not a single pathological entity and the likelihood of any specific diagnosis depends both on the circumstances of discovery and the applied definition of incidentaloma. Unfortunately, published reports are inconsistent in applying inclusion and exclusion criteria for these various factors, making the results difficult to interpret. A further issue is the lack of specific clinical features of the patients carrying an adrenal incidentaloma.

The role of diagnosis in medical practice and society

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Ahmed Samei Huda
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Teaching And Research

Organization of knowledge is needed to help doctors learn and recall information in their clinical practice. Diagnostic constructs help, providing prototypes against which doctors can diagnose patient conditions. They then seek to confirm or disprove this diagnosis by searching for relevant information. Attached to these diagnostic constructs are information such as causes, prognosis, and treatment. Diagnostic constructs are provisional and should be changed if information suggests they are incorrect. They also aid communication between professionals for teaching and research, and have important social functions such as providing access to healthcare, determining eligibility for welfare, offering administrative and payment functions, and collecting health statistics. Some social effects of diagnostic constructs can be harmful, such as stigma. Diagnostic constructs are included in broad diagnostic formulations including relevant clinical information.

An object relations perspective on borderline personality

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Yeomans ◽  
K. N. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Object Relations ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Object Relations Theory

One of the principal formulations of borderline personality disorder is based on object relations theory, a component of psychoanalytic theory. To remain relevant, psychoanalytic formulations must find support from empirical research. After summarizing the object relations understanding of borderline personality, the authors review studies in biological neuroscience, developmental psychology and cognitive science related to the fundamental concepts of object relations theory as it aplies to borderline pathology. This review suggests that these empirical studies support psychoanalytic formulations originally derived from clinical practice and observation.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE AND APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN DENTISTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S GRECHIKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Modern Application

Nanotechnology is a promising industry within the educational system of teaching. The emerging science of nanotechnology, especially in dental and medical practice, has sparked the interest of many researchers in their potential applications and advantages over traditional materials used. Currently, there are many studies in the field of nanotechnology in the field of dentistry. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of nanotechnology in the field of dentistry and their benefits. Therefore, understanding how these materials can be used in our daily clinical practice requires a deeper understanding of the science behind nanotechnology. This article presents nanoscience, as well as the advantages and limitations of nanotechnology. In addition, our study will examine nanodialogue in dental diagnostics, the dental prevention. Thus, the scientific aspects, significance and modern application of nanotechnologies in dentistry are highlighted. Based on this, the use of nanotechnologies, especially in dentistry and medicine, has a number of advantages over the traditional materials used, since they are more efficient, accessible, structured, meet all modern parameters and are of high quality.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic relationships in psychotropic drugs effects

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
G. B. Kolyvanov ◽  
A. A. Litvin ◽  
R. V. Shevchenko ◽  
S. Yu. Raskin ◽  
P. O. Bochkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches

The review discusses relationships between pharmacokinetic parameters and effects of psychotropic drugs, both in preclinical studies and clinical practice. The identification of such correlations can serve as a basis for understanding the complex system of relationships between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms in the manifestation of the action of this group of drugs and allows us to use the data of pharmacokinetic studies to optimize therapeutic approaches in medical practice.

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