First report of potato blackleg caused byPectobacterium carotovorumsubsp.brasiliensisin the Netherlands

A bacterial pathogen, Dickeya solani, emerged as a major threat to potato (Solanum tuberosum) production in Europe in 2004 and has spread to many potato-growing regions via international trade. In December 2013, soft rot symptoms were observed in hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis) bulbs imported from the Netherlands into China at Ningbo Port. Diseased bulbs gave off an offensive odor. The base and internal parts of diseased bulbs rotted, and the margins of diseased tissues showed brown discoloration. Isolation on nutrient agar glucose (NAG) medium resulted in dominating colonies of characteristic “fried egg” morphology (1). One colony was chosen for further investigation and tentatively named “isolate 6165-3.” Under microscopic visualization after gram stain, the cells of isolate 6165-3 were gram-negative, motile, and rod shaped. The isolate was then identified as a member of genus Dickeya using the Biolog GN microplate. The 16S rRNA, recA, and dnaX sequences of isolate 6165-3 were subsequently determined and deposited in GenBank with accession numbers KM405240, KM405241, and KM405242, sharing 99% (16S rRNA), 100% (recA), and 100% (dnaX) nucleotide identity with those of known D. solani isolates, respectively. By this means, the isolate 6165-3 was identified as D. solani (1,2). To confirm the pathogenicity of the isolate, four plants each of 30-day-old hyacinth, 14-day-old potato, and 60-day-old moth orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis) were inoculated with suspensions of the isolate with a concentration of 108 CFU/ml in sterile water by stabbing. Plants were incubated in a climate chamber at 28°C during the day and 24°C during the night with a relative humidity of 93% and a photoperiod of 12/12 h. Plants inoculated with sterile water were included as negative controls. After 2 or 3 days, typical symptoms such as water-soaked lesions and soft rot developed around the inoculation point, while the negative controls remained symptomless. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by re-isolating bacteria from lesions, which had identical sequence and morphology characters with the inoculated isolate. This is the first report of intercepted D. solani on hyacinth bulbs imported from the Netherlands into China, indicating that D. solani can spread via hyacinth. Further spread of the pathogen into potato production might lead to immeasurable economic consequences for China. References: (1) P. F. Sarris et al. New Dis. Rep. 24:21, 2011. (2) J. M. van der Wolf et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 64:768, 2014.

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First Report of Neonectria candida Causing Postharvest Decay on ‘Conference’ Pears in the Netherlands

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-02-16-0247-pdn ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (8) ◽

pp. 1787-1787 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Wenneker ◽

K. T. K. Pham ◽

M. E. C. Lemmers ◽

F. A. de Boer ◽

A. M. van der Lans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

First Report ◽

Postharvest Decay

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First Report of Phytophthora ramorum on Viburnum bodnantense in Belgium

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2003.87.2.203c ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 203-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

D. De Merlier ◽

A. Chandelier ◽

M. Cavelier

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Pcr Primers ◽

Selective Medium ◽

Phytophthora Species ◽

Phytophthora Ramorum ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

First Report ◽

Root Necrosis

In the past decade, a new Phytophthora species inducing shoot canker on Rhododendron and dieback of Viburnum has been observed in Europe, mainly in Germany and the Netherlands, and California. This new pathogen has been named Phytophthora ramorum (3). In May 2002, a diseased Viburnum plant (Viburnum bodnantense) from the Plant Protection Service (Ministry of Agriculture, Belgium) was submitted to our laboratory for diagnosis. Symptoms included wilting, leaves turning from green to brown, discolored vascular tissues, and root necrosis. The plant came from a Belgian ornamental nursery that obtained supplies of stock plants from the Netherlands. Pieces of necrotic root tissue were excised, surface-disinfected, and transferred aseptically to a Phytophthora selective medium. P. ramorum was identified based on morphological characteristics, including the production of numerous, thin-walled chlamydospores (25 to 70 µm in diameter, average 43 µm) and deciduous, semi-papillate sporangia arranged in clusters. Radial growth after 6 days at 20°C on V8 juice agar was 2.8 mm per day. Random amplified microsatellite markers (RAMS) (2) from the total genomic DNA of the Belgian strain (CBS 110901) were similar to those of P. ramorum reference strains (CBS 101330, CBS 101332, and CBS 101554). Using PCR primers specific for P. ramorum, the identification was confirmed by W. A. Man in't Veld (Plantenziektenkundige Dienst, Wageningen, the Netherlands) (1). A pathogenicity test was carried out on three sterile cuttings of Rhododendron catawbiense (3). Brown lesions were observed on the inoculated cuttings after 6 to 7 days. None of the three uninoculated cuttings showed symptoms of infection. P. ramorum was reisolated from lesion margins on the inoculated cuttings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the fungus from Belgium. Since our initial observation, we have found P. ramorum in other Belgian nurseries on R. yakusimanum. References: (1) M. Garbelotto et al. US For. Ser. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GRT. 184:765, 2002. (2) J. Hantula et al. Mycol. Res. 101:565, 1997. (3) S. Werres et al. Mycol. Res. 105:1155, 2001.

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First report of Canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV) in Italy and in the Netherlands

Plant Pathology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01657.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 394-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. T. Marino ◽

E. Ragozzino ◽

B. E. L. Lockhart ◽

R. Miglino ◽

D. Alioto

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

First Report ◽

Yellow Mottle

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First Report of Fusarium avenaceum Causing Postharvest Decay on ‘Conference’ Pears in the Netherlands

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-01-16-0029-pdn ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (9) ◽

pp. 1950-1950 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Wenneker ◽

K. T. K. Pham ◽

M. E. C. Lemmers ◽

F. A. de Boer ◽

A. M. van der Lans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Fusarium Avenaceum ◽

First Report ◽

Postharvest Decay

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First report of potato blackleg and soft rot caused byPectobacterium wasabiaein Turkey

New Disease Reports ◽

10.5197/j.2044-0588.2016.034.017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Ozturk ◽

H.M. Aksoy ◽

S. Ozturk ◽

M. Potrykus ◽

E. Lojkowska

Keyword(s):

Soft Rot ◽

Potato Blackleg ◽

First Report

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First Report of Powdery Mildew (Oidium sp.) on Pincushion Flower (Scabiosa columbaria) in New York

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-93-3-0316b ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 316-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Jankovics ◽

L. Kiss ◽

R. E. Niks ◽

M. L. Daughtrey

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

The Netherlands ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

The United States ◽

Its Sequences ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Chelidonium Majus ◽

Oidium Neolycopersici ◽

First Report

Scabiosa columbaria (Dipsacaceae) is a popular perennial ornamental in the United States. It is native to Europe and was introduced to North America by nursery trade only recently. In the spring of 2006, symptoms of powdery mildew infection were observed on overwintered plants of S. columbaria cv. Butterfly Blue in a nursery in Cutchogue, NY. White powdery mildew mycelia with abundant sporulation were observed on upper and lower leaf surfaces. The portions of leaves with powdery mildew colonies often showed purplish discoloration. Conidia were cylindric to doliiform, measured 20 to 33 × 10 to 15 μm, and were produced singly on 60 to 130 μm long conidiophores consisting of a foot-cell measuring 20 to 50 × 6 to 10 μm, followed by one to three, 12 to 40 μm long cells. Hyphal appressoria were lobed or multilobed. The teleomorph stage was not found. On the basis of these characteristics, the pathogen was identified as an Oidium sp. belonging to the subgenus Pseudoidium. Recently, an anamorphic powdery mildew fungus with similar morphological characteristics, identified as Erysiphe knautiae, was reported on S. columbaria cv. Butterfly Blue in Washington (2). E. knautiae is a common powdery mildew species of dipsacaceous plants such as Scabiosa spp. and Knautia spp. in Europe and Asia (1). To determine whether the fungus reported here was E. knautiae, DNA was extracted from its mycelium, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA was amplified and sequenced as described earlier (4). No ITS sequences are available in public DNA databases for E. knautiae, thus, we determined this sequence in a specimen of E. knautiae collected from Knautia arvensis in The Netherlands. Herbarium specimens of the Oidium sp. infecting S. columbaria in New York and E. knautiae from the Netherlands were deposited at the U.S. National Fungus Collections under accession numbers BPI 878259 and BPI 878258, respectively. The ITS sequence from Oidium sp. infecting S. columbaria in New York (GenBank Accession No. EU377474) differed in two nucleotides from that of E. knautiae infecting K. arvensis in the Netherlands (GenBank Accession No. EU377475). These two ITS sequences were also more than 99% similar to those of some newly emerged anamorphic powdery mildew fungi: Oidium neolycopersici and other Oidium spp. infecting Chelidonium majus, Passiflora caerulea, and some crassulaceous plants (3,4). Thus, it is unclear whether the fungus reported here was E. knautiae known from Eurasia or an Oidium sp. that has acquired pathogenicity to S. columbaria. To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew on S. columbaria in New York. References: (1) U. Braun. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 89:1, 1987. (2) D. A. Glawe and G. G. Grove. Online publication. doi:10.1094/PHP-2005-1024-01-BR. Plant Health Progress, 2005. (3) B. Henricot. Plant Pathol. 57:779, 2008. (4) T. Jankovics et al. Phytopathology 98:529, 2008.

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First report of potato blackleg caused by biovar 3Dickeyasp. (Pectobacterium chrysanthemi) in Greece

New Disease Reports ◽

10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.021 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P.F. Sarris ◽

E. Trantas ◽

M. Pagoulatou ◽

D. Stavrou ◽

F. Ververidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potato Blackleg ◽

First Report ◽

Pectobacterium Chrysanthemi

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First record of the expansive harvestmen Leiobunum sp. A (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Poland

Fragmenta Faunistica ◽

10.3161/00159301ff2017.60.2.113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Robert ROZWAŁKA ◽

◽

Przemysław ŻURAWLEW ◽

Tomasz RUTKOWSKI ◽

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

21St Century ◽

First Record ◽

European Countries ◽

Female Genitalia ◽

Central European ◽

First Report ◽

First Time

The invasive harvestmen Leiobunum sp. A (Arachnida: Opiliones) spread rapidly across Europe. Since the first report from the Netherlands at the beginning of the 21st century its known range covers most of the western and central European countries, reaching Berlin in the East. In this note we report for the first time two new sites from Poland which move its range 230 and 300 km eastward, respectively. It was found in Chocz near Pleszew and Dąbrówka near Poznań (Wielkopolska Lowland). Chocz is now easternmost site of this species in Europe. Morphological measurements and drawings are given. Female genitalia are described for the first time.

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First report of (homo)anatoxin-a and dog neurotoxicosis after ingestion of benthic cyanobacteria in The Netherlands

Toxicon ◽

10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.04.335 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 378-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Elisabeth J. Faassen ◽

Liesbeth Harkema ◽

Lineke Begeman ◽

Miquel Lurling

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

First Report ◽

Benthic Cyanobacteria

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