scholarly journals Effects of orofacial myofunctional therapy on speech intelligibility in individuals with persistent articulatory impairments

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Jayanti Ray ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Myofunctional Therapy ◽  
Developmental Apraxia ◽  
The One ◽  
Age Range ◽  
To Receive

This study examined the effects of orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) on speech intelligibility in adults with persistent articulation impairments. Six adults in the age range of 18-23 years were selected to receive orofacial myofunctional therapy for a period of six weeks. The results showed that five out of six clients made significant progress in oral postures and speech sound production across all three speech production tasks: single words, sentences, and spontaneous speech. Speech intelligibility increased significantly in all clients except the one diagnosed with developmental apraxia of speech. Orofacial myofunctional therapists, speech-language pathologists, and other professionals need to rule out underlying orofacial myofunctional variables when targeting speech sounds for intervention. Speech production tasks may be considered as important measures to understand the efficacy of OMT in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Exploring the Overlap Between Dyslexia and Speech Sound Production Deficits

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Cabbage ◽  
Kelly Farquharson ◽  
Jenya Iuzzini-Seigel ◽  
Jennifer Zuk ◽  
Tiffany P. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Production Errors

Purpose Children with dyslexia have speech production deficits in a variety of spoken language contexts. In this article, we discuss the nature of speech production errors in children with dyslexia, including those who have a history of speech sound disorder and those who do not, to familiarize speech-language pathologists with speech production–specific risk factors that may help predict or identify dyslexia in young children. Method In this tutorial, we discuss the role of a phonological deficit in children with dyslexia and how this may manifest as speech production errors, sometimes in conjunction with a speech sound disorder but sometimes not. We also briefly review other factors outside the realm of phonology that may alert the speech-language pathologist to possible dyslexia. Results Speech-language pathologists possess unique knowledge that directly contributes to the identification and remediation of children with dyslexia. We present several clinical recommendations related to speech production deficits in children with dyslexia. We also review what is known about how and when children with speech sound disorder are most at risk for dyslexia. Conclusion Speech-language pathologists have a unique opportunity to assist in the identification of young children who are at risk for dyslexia.

scholarly journals Speech sound production accuracy produced by North Korean defectors’ adolescent children born in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Eun Kyoung Lee ◽  
Hyun Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
North Korean Refugee ◽  
Word Level ◽  
North Korean Refugees ◽  
North Korean Defectors ◽  
Different Characteristics

Purpose:Children from North Korean defector families possess different characteristics from children with other multicultural and multilingual backgrounds in Korea, partially due to the fact that the number of children born in third countries is higher than those of children born in North Korea. The purpose of the study is to analyze the word-level speech sound productions of adolescent children of North Korean refugee mothers, primarily through a calculation of speech sound accuracy.Methods: The participants consisted of 11 adolescent children whose mothers were North Korean defectors, and whose fathers were Chinese. Participants’ speech sound production skills were assessed using 103 words from the KS-PAPT and U-TAP.Results: Korean defectors’ adolescent children have lower consonant accuracy (PCC= 79.14%) compared to vowel accuracy (PVC=94.71%). The consonant accuracy of liquid/ㄹ/ was significantly lower than those of other manners of articulation. The consonant accuracy of word-final codas was significantly lower than those of other positions in word.Conclusions: This current research has clinical implications for the assessment and analysis of the speech production abilities of the adolescent children of North Korean refugees.

Combined Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Treatment (CAAST): Effects of a Novel Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2191-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Wambaugh ◽  
Sandra Wright ◽  
Christina Nessler ◽  
Shannon C. Mauszycki
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Verbal Language ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Picture Stimuli ◽  
Speech Treatment

Purpose This investigation was designed to examine the effects of a newly developed treatment for aphasia and acquired apraxia of speech (AOS). Combined Aphasia and Apraxia of Speech Treatment (CAAST) targets language and speech production simultaneously, with treatment techniques derived from Response Elaboration Training (Kearns, 1985) and Sound Production Treatment (Wambaugh, Kalinyak-Fliszar, West, & Doyle, 1998). The purpose of this study was to determine whether CAAST was associated with positive changes in verbal language and speech production with speakers with aphasia and AOS. Method Four participants with chronic aphasia and AOS received CAAST applied sequentially to sets of pictures in the context of multiple baseline designs. CAAST entailed elaboration of participant-initiated utterances, with sound production training applied as needed to the elaborated productions. The dependent variables were (a) production of correct information units (CIUs; Nicholas & Brookshire, 1993) in response to experimental picture stimuli, (b) percentage of consonants correct in sentence repetition, and (c) speech intelligibility. Results and Conclusions CAAST was associated with increased CIU production in trained and untrained picture sets for all participants. Gains in sound production accuracy and speech intelligibility varied across participants; a modification of CAAST to provide additional speech production treatment may be desirable.

Electropalatographic Therapy and Speech Production for Children With Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Christen G. Page ◽  
Katelynn Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
School Based ◽  
Therapy Services

Purpose Children with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate speech sound disorders, which impact speech intelligibility in academic and social settings across the life span. The purpose of this technical report is to determine the effects of electropalatographic (EPG) therapy on speech productions for children with DS receiving school-based speech-language therapy services. EPG is a form of visual feedback that displays timing and location of the tongue's contact with the palate during productions of individual phonemes. Method Authors completed a comprehensive literature search to locate articles that investigated the treatment effects of EPG for children with DS. Using the PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcomes) format, we sought in the research to answer “Do children 3–18 years of age with Down syndrome (P), who receive EPG therapy (I) compared to same-age peers with Down syndrome who do not receive EPG therapy (C) show improvement on speech sound production (O)?” Results Three studies met the inclusion criteria and were critically appraised. Two studies were single-subject designs, and one study was a randomized controlled study. Results revealed that EPG therapy improved speech sound production of target phonemes (/s/, /ʃ/, /k/, and /g/) with no transfer to speech intelligibility. Conclusions The results may further the understanding of EPG therapy as a treatment approach, particularly in older individuals with DS receiving school-based speech-language therapy services. Prior to adopting EPG as a treatment approach, clinicians should consider treatment intensity and students' cognitive abilities. Additional research is needed on the long-term effects and generalization of EPG therapy.

Efficacy of rivastigmine on loss of appetite in patients with Alzheimer's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S176-S177
Author(s):  
N. Tsuno ◽  
T. Mori ◽  
Y. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Study ◽  
The One ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
To Receive ◽  
State Examination

IntroductionIt has been said that nearly 30% of the patients with Alzheimer’ disease (AD) manifest loss of appetite, which might increase cognitive impairments and the incidence of neuropsychiatric symptoms, and malnutrition. As a result, a vicious cycle decreases functionality and quality of life in patients with AD. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) is the first-line drugs in the treatment of AD. On the one hand, appetite or weight loss can be seen due to gastrointestinal side effects in the treatment of ChEIs. On the other hand, there are some reports in clinical-settings that patients with AD treated with rivastigmine transdermal patch showed the improvement of appetite loss.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of rivastigmine transdermal patch in AD patients with poor appetite.MethodsIn this 16-weeks, multicenter prospective study, patients with mild to moderate AD, who manifest loss of appetite and began to receive rivastigmine transdermal patch therapy, were enrolled. The amount of food, total time-eating, body weight, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were evaluated.ResultsThe amount of food eaten by treated patients significantly increased 10.5% at 8 weeks after the initiation of rivastigmine transdermal patch therapy.CommentsThis preliminary results might show favourable effects of rivastigmine transdermal patch therapy on AD patients with loss of appetite.Disclosure of interestStudy supported by Ono pharmaceutical co.

A Family With Autosomal-Dominant Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Halpin ◽  
Barbara Herrmann ◽  
Margaret Whearty
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Language Pathology

The family described in this article provides an unusual opportunity to relate findings from genetic, histological, electrophysiological, psychophysical, and rehabilitative investigation. Although the total number evaluated is large (49), the known, living affected population is smaller (14), and these are spread from age 20 to age 59. As a result, the findings described above are those of a large-scale case study. Clearly, more data will be available through longitudinal study of the individuals documented in the course of this investigation but, given the slow nature of the progression in this disease, such studies will be undertaken after an interval of several years. The general picture presented to the audiologist who must rehabilitate these cases is that of a progressive cochlear degeneration that affects only thresholds at first, and then rapidly diminishes speech intelligibility. The expected result is that, after normal language development, the patient may accept hearing aids well, encouraged by the support of the family. Performance and satisfaction with the hearing aids is good, until the onset of the speech intelligibility loss, at which time the patient will encounter serious difficulties and may reject hearing aids as unhelpful. As the histological and electrophysiological results indicate, however, the eighth nerve remains viable, especially in the younger affected members, and success with cochlear implantation may be expected. Audiologic counseling efforts are aided by the presence of role models and support from the other affected members of the family. Speech-language pathology services were not considered important by the members of this family since their speech production developed normally and has remained very good. Self-correction of speech was supported by hearing aids and cochlear implants (Case 5’s speech production was documented in Perkell, Lane, Svirsky, & Webster, 1992). These patients received genetic counseling and, due to the high penetrance of the disease, exhibited serious concerns regarding future generations and the hope of a cure.

Reading Risk in Children With Speech Sound Disorder: Prevalence, Persistence, and Predictors

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3714-3726
Author(s):  
Sherine R. Tambyraja ◽  
Kelly Farquharson ◽  
Laura Justice
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Speech Sound Disorder ◽  
Word Decoding ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which school-age children with speech sound disorder (SSD) exhibit concomitant reading difficulties and examine the extent to which phonological processing and speech production abilities are associated with increased likelihood of reading risks. Method Data were obtained from 120 kindergarten, first-grade, and second-grade children who were in receipt of school-based speech therapy services. Children were categorized as being “at risk” for reading difficulties if standardized scores on a word decoding measure were 1 SD or more from the mean. The selected predictors of reading risk included children's rapid automatized naming ability, phonological awareness (PA), and accuracy of speech sound production. Results Descriptive results indicated that just over 25% of children receiving school-based speech therapy for an SSD exhibited concomitant deficits in word decoding and that those exhibiting risk at the beginning of the school year were likely to continue to be at risk at the end of the school year. Results from a hierarchical logistic regression suggested that, after accounting for children's age, general language abilities, and socioeconomic status, both PA and speech sound production abilities were significantly associated with the likelihood of being classified as at risk. Conclusions School-age children with SSD are at increased risk for reading difficulties that are likely to persist throughout an academic year. The severity of phonological deficits, reflected by PA and speech output, may be important indicators of subsequent reading problems.

After Dismissal: Examining the Language, Literacy, and Cognitive Skills of Children With Remediated Speech Sound Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Farquharson
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Academic Difficulties ◽  
The Public ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Language Literacy

Speech sound disorders are a complex and often persistent disorder in young children. For many children, therapy results in successful remediation of the errored productions as well as age-appropriate literacy and academic progress. However, for some children, while they may attain age-appropriate speech production skills, they later have academic difficulties. For SLPs in the public schools, these children present as challenging in terms of both continuing treatment as well as in terms of caseload management. What happens after dismissal? Have these children truly acquired adequate speech production skills? Do they have lingering language, literacy, and cognitive deficits? The purpose of this article is to describe the language, literacy, and cognitive features of a small group of children with remediated speech sound disorders compared to their typically developing peers.

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