scholarly journals Maná, carisma e hierofania: compreensões do sagrado para a Geografia da Religião

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-239
Author(s):  
Avacir Gomes dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Mircea Eliade

O espaço não é a priori. A apreensão dele ocorre em função das espacialidades geográficas. Mas como construímos as concepções de espaço? Por que o categorizamos entre sacralidades e profanidades? Os conceitos de maná, carisma e hierofania, referentes à manifestação do sagrado, direcionam-nos para o entendimento do espaço geográfico como contributo do fenômeno religioso. Assim, nosso intuito é analisar como a formulações desses conceitos foram significativas à consolidação da Geografia da Religião. Para tanto, recorremos aos estudos comparativos dos clássicos de Émile Durkheim: “Formas elementares da vida religiosa” (2008); de Marx Weber: “Sociedade e Religião” (2009); de Mircea Eliade: “O sagrado e Profano” (2010) e de Zeny Rosendahl: “Hierópolis” (2009), entre outros. Numa primeira aproximação pontuamos a existência, a diferenciação e qualificação dos espaços sagrados e profanos defendidas por esses autores. Somente com essas classificações cognitivas o homem dos tempos primordiais conseguiu se localizar e configurar o espaço. Dessa herança passamos a formular os conhecimentos geográficos até chegarmos na Geografia da Religião. Palavras-chave: Imagens. Espaço Sagrado. Espaço Profano. Hierofania.

Organizational Time in Historical Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
John Hassard ◽  
Stephanie Decker ◽  
Michael Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Theory ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Workplace Behavior ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Pitirim Sorokin

This chapter examines how time and temporality have been analyzed in social and organizational theory. Specifically, it discusses forms of analysis developed prior to the purported synthesizing of conceptual dualities under the “postmodern turn” (Nowotny, 1994; Orlikowski and Yates, 2002). The chapter reviews some of the main concepts and theories of time developed historically by sociologists and anthropologists, and describes how—when applied in organizational research—they have yielded rich and diverse insights into workplace behavior. By drawing upon some of the major foundational figures in the sociology of time—such as Emile Durkheim, Mircea Eliade, Georges Gurvitch, Karl Marx, Pitirim Sorokin—we note not only differences between their positions, but also how such differences, when contrasted systematically, offer a broad basis for appreciating time as reflecting a cyclical as well as linear, heterogeneous as well as homogeneous, and processual as well as structural phenomenon in theoretical and empirical investigation.

scholarly journals Sacralidade arcaica manifestada na arte e na literatura contemporânea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 236-251
Author(s):  
Kelly Fabíola Viana dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Juan Jose Saer ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
René Girard

Aspectos mágicos, sobrenaturais e sagrados atribuídos aos diversos tipos de arte desde os primórdios fazem eco com a arte e a literatura contemporânea. Em certas ocasiões, algumas manifestações artísticas revestem-se de sacralidade e sacramentam também o artista que as criou. Nesse sentido, literatura e outras artes são consideradas, portanto, via de acesso ao sagrado, mas também ao profano. A fim de verificarmos a manifestação da sacralidade arcaica na literatura contemporânea, analisamos o romance histórico “O enteado”, do autor argentino Juan Jose Saer (2002), por seus aspectos antropofágicos e de manifestação do sagrado. Impactos numinosos sofridos pela humanidade por meio da arte e sua ressonância sobre o artista, são analisados a partir do texto referido. Não obstante as implicações sociais, psicológicas e filosóficas dessa sacralidade, refletimos, neste trabalho, a respeito dos símbolos da sacralidade arcaica presentes na arte e na literatura contemporânea, à luz dos fundamentos teóricos de René Girard, “A violência e o Sagrado” (1998); Mircea Eliade, “O sagrado e o profano” (1992) e Emile Durkheim, “As formas elementares de vida religiosa” (2008).

scholarly journals Navegando por las corrientes culturales y sus diques

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 67-98
Author(s):  
Silvia Citro
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Bronislaw Malinowski ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
Bronisław Malinowski

En este trabajo exploro las semejanzas entre los sacerdotes del Movimiento de Renovación Carismática en el Espíritu Santo y sus rituales con los agentes de la magia y los ritos que les son propios, es decir, los magos. Aunque la magia ha sido abordada ampliamente por los padres fundadores de la antropología y la sociología, me apoyo preferentemente en los planteamientos que al respecto hacen Emile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss y Max Weber. Asimismo, tomo los aportes de de Mircea Eliade, James Frazer, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Bronislaw Malinowski, Rudolf Otto, entre otros.

scholarly journals Imágenes míticas y oníricas: un análisis desde La psicología arquetipal

Téssera ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
José Francisco Da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
James Hillman ◽  
Mircea Eliade

Para desarrollar este artículo nos respaldamos en la psicología arquetipal y, fundamentalmente, en las obras de James Hillman, su principal representante. Nuestro objetivo con este trabajo es reexaminar su pensamiento y revisar en sus textos las ideas fundamentales que giran alrededor de las imágenes míticas y oníricas, las cuales representan un distanciamiento de los estrechos modelos racionales y tradicionales aún vigentes.  Elegimos a priori algunas direcciones teóricas de la mitopoética para orientar esa investigación sobre las imágenes, así que vamos a dar énfasis también a autores como Mircea Eliade, Ernst Cassirer y Gaston Bachelard que abordan este tema desde una perspectiva más mítico-simbólica.

scholarly journals sacerdotes del movimiento de Renovación Carismática en el Espíritu Santo

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Várguez Pasos
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
Bronislaw Malinowski ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
Bronisław Malinowski

En este trabajo exploro las semejanzas entre los sacerdotes del Movimiento de Renovación Carismática en el Espíritu Santo y sus rituales con los agentes de la magia y los ritos que les son propios, es decir, los magos. Aunque la magia ha sido abordada ampliamente por los padres fundadores de la antropología y la sociología, me apoyo preferentemente en los planteamientos que al respecto hacen Emile Durkheim, Marcel Mauss y Max Weber. Asimismo, tomo los aportes de de Mircea Eliade, James Frazer, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Bronislaw Malinowski, Rudolf Otto, entre otros.

Secularization as a Problem for the History of Religions

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kees W. Bolle
Keyword(s):  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of

The notions of ‘the sacred’ and ‘the profane’, coined by Emile Durkheim and reinforced by Mircea Eliade, have become indispensable for the historian of religions. No matter how details may vary, every society, every human tradition singles out certain things, acts, words or places as totally distinct from others. In these special things, acts, words or places ‘real reality’ (Eliade) is present, made available or conveyed, and therefore they differ from all ordinary, profane reality.

Application of cross correlation to HREM images of surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 754-755
Author(s):  
D. E. Luzzi ◽  
L. D. Marks ◽  
M. I. Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Accurate Knowledge ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Fourier Filtering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Data Reduction Technique

As the HREM becomes increasingly used for the study of dynamic localized phenomena, the development of techniques to recover the desired information from a real image is important. Often, the important features are not strongly scattering in comparison to the matrix material in addition to being masked by statistical and amorphous noise. The desired information will usually involve the accurate knowledge of the position and intensity of the contrast. In order to decipher the desired information from a complex image, cross-correlation (xcf) techniques can be utilized. Unlike other image processing methods which rely on data massaging (e.g. high/low pass filtering or Fourier filtering), the cross-correlation method is a rigorous data reduction technique with no a priori assumptions.We have examined basic cross-correlation procedures using images of discrete gaussian peaks and have developed an iterative procedure to greatly enhance the capabilities of these techniques when the contrast from the peaks overlap.

Towards 1-Ångstrom-resolution STEM

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 996-997
Author(s):  
H.S. von Harrach ◽  
D.E. Jesson ◽  
S.J. Pennycook
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Annular Dark Field ◽  
First Results

Phase contrast TEM has been the leading technique for high resolution imaging of materials for many years, whilst STEM has been the principal method for high-resolution microanalysis. However, it was demonstrated many years ago that low angle dark-field STEM imaging is a priori capable of almost 50% higher point resolution than coherent bright-field imaging (i.e. phase contrast TEM or STEM). This advantage was not exploited until Pennycook developed the high-angle annular dark-field (ADF) technique which can provide an incoherent image showing both high image resolution and atomic number contrast.This paper describes the design and first results of a 300kV field-emission STEM (VG Microscopes HB603U) which has improved ADF STEM image resolution towards the 1 angstrom target. The instrument uses a cold field-emission gun, generating a 300 kV beam of up to 1 μA from an 11-stage accelerator. The beam is focussed on to the specimen by two condensers and a condenser-objective lens with a spherical aberration coefficient of 1.0 mm.

Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-892
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

Project MATCH secondary a priori hypotheses

Addiction ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1671-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Project Match Research Group
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Project Match
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