scholarly journals Natural breeding of freshwater apple snail Pila globosa (Swainson) in pond and aquarium

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
RAKHI DAS ◽  
MD. SHARIFUL ISLAM ◽  
MOHAMMAD MONIRUZZAMAN ◽  
KHAN KAMAL UDDIN AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Egg Laying ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Breeding Behavior ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Pila Globosa ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
Over Exploitation

The freshwater apple snail, Pila globosa is one of the most abundant and commercially valued molluscs. Over exploitation of P. globosa for prawn farming is an alarming condition. The present study is aimed at elucidating the breeding behavior and reproduction process of P. globosa. The natural breeding experiment was conducted in two ponds- a 52 decimal pond in Gopalgonj sadar and a 40 decimal pond in Kotalipara. The ponds were prepared by applying lime at the rate of 3 kg/decimal and then filled up with water up to 30cm. Wild snails were stocked at the rate of 600 no./decimal. Organic compost (cow-dung, mustard oilcake and urea at the ratio of 1:1:0.5at the rate of 2.5 kg/decimal respectively) spread throughout the pond. Several male and female specimens were collected from experimental gher and brought to the laboratory aquarium to observe their breeding behavior. At the bottom of aquarium substrate like plastic bottle, marbel, artificial tree etc. were provided for egg laying. Breeding involves three processes: copulation, fertilization and laying. Copulation occurs in water on moist land and it takes about 3-4 hrs, then both separated. Fertilization is internal in P. globosa. Egg laying started 2 or 3 days after copulation. They lay eggs in sheltered places or moist land near water in the dyke. A single female lays eggs average 387.89±167.65 no. per clot at a time. The time elapsed between the first and the last hatchings ranged from 6 to 25 days and for 80% of the 5 egg masses were studied. Considering all the eggs in the egg masses (n=1856) more than 60% of the eggs hatched within 13 days of the first hatching. It needs about 25 days for full clot to be hatched. In the laboratory condition hatching success was observed about 80%.

Invasion, development, growth and egg laying by Meloidogyne javanica in Brassicaceae crops

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kirkegaard ◽  
Rod McLeod ◽  
Christopher Steel
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Brassicaceae Species ◽  
Host Status

AbstractInvasion, development and egg laying by Meloidogyne javanica in 11 Brassicaceae and four non-Brassicaceae crop species/subspecies was investigated. At 10 to15 and 15 to 20°C, fodder rape cv. Rangi was invaded less than the good hosts tomato cv. Grosse Lisse and field pea cv. Dun but more than the poor host oat cv. Cooba. With an inoculum of 50 second stage juveniles (J2), invasion of Rangi, and the intermediate host subterranean clover cv. Trikkala, were similarly invaded when inoculated with 50 and 100 J2, cv. Rangi was invaded less than tomato. The intermediate host subterranean clover cv. Trikkala and Rangi were similarly invaded when inoculated with 50 and 100 J2 but cv. Trikkala was less invaded with 200 J2. Oat cv. Cooba was always less invaded than the other hosts. Invasion of 3-week-old seedlings of cv. Rangi and 12 cultivars of seven other Brassicaceae crop species/subspecies were similar. Three weeks after inoculation, more M. javanica had developed to the mature female stage in tomato than in the eight Brassicaceae species/subspecies. Females growing in tomato and field pea were always larger than those in rape cv. Rangi. Females in Rangi were larger but those in oilseed radish cv. Adagio were smaller than in 11 other cultivars of seven Brassicaceae, except in plants grown in winter. Egg masses from four Brassicaceae species contained fewer eggs than egg masses from tomato at 6 weeks after inoculation, but at 7 and 8 weeks only those from fodder rape cv. Korina had consistently fewer than tomato. Results are discussed in relation to host status, glucosinolates and potential use of Brassicaceae for control of Meloidogyne.

scholarly journals Value-chain analysis of freshwater apple snail (Pila globosa) used for on-farm feeds in the freshwater prawn farming sector in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAA Nahid ◽  
PJG Henriksson ◽  
MA Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Current Configuration ◽  
Pila Globosa ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
On Farm

Growth of the freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) sector in Bangladesh since 1970s has been supported by natural availability of freshwater apple snail (Pila globosa), used for on-farm prawn feeds. The present study identified the current configuration of the value-chain benefits and constraints of freshwater apple snail in south-western Bangladesh in August 2011, based upon Rapid Market Appraisal (RMA) approach. The site of snail collection was Chanda Beel in Gopalganj district, while trading, processing and final consumption was represented by Rayer Mahal Bazar in Khulna district. There were seven different nodes recognized throughout the value chain. Snail marketing was identified as a seasonal business and took place during June to November each year. Between 1995 and 2011 the price of whole snail, meat and shell has increased by 800%, 325% and 315%, respectively. The abundance of snail had been reduced and its demand has increased due to the expansion of the prawn farming industry. Prawn farmers preferred snail meat due to its’ low cost (US$ 0.21 kg-1) as a source of protein compared to commercial prawn feed (US$ 0.41 kg-1). Snail harvesting and processing were considered as additional livelihood options for the poor, where 60% of the labour involved in snail harvesting were women, and 95% the de-shelling workforce. Induced breeding in captivity and sustainable management in nature as well as development of commercial production of apple snails might reduce the pressure on ecosystems and positively contributed to the continued expansion of freshwater prawn farming in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v3i2.17840 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 3 (2): 22-30, December, 2013

The Occurrence of Helicorubin in the Indian Apple-Snail Pila Globosa

1968 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
S. Raghupathi Rami Reddy ◽  
Karumuri S. Swami
Keyword(s):  
Apple Snail ◽  
Pila Globosa

scholarly journals Morphometrics, length-weight relationship and ecological factors affecting the habitat of Pila globosa (Swainson, 1822) (Mesogastropoda: Pilidae) located in Rajshahi University campus

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
BK Saha ◽  
MS Jahan ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Pila Globosa ◽  
Wet Condition ◽  
Obesity Indices

The investigation was conducted on morphometrics, length-weight relationship and ecological factors of the freshwater apple snail, Pila globosa (Swainson, 1822) in the habitat of Rajshahi University Campus. The length of shell (SL) (40.09 ± 16.08 mm), length of spire (SPL) (7.63 ± 2.61mm), length of base (LB) (32.52 ± 13.58 mm), width of shell (SW) (37.39 ± 15.72 mm), length of aperture (AL) (27.83 ± 10.42mm) and width of aperture (AW) (16.6 ± 6.46mm) in combined sex were observed. The obesity indices of male were higher than those of female (male =1.10 ± 0.03, female = 1.04 ±  0.01). The total weight in wet condition (TWW) (27.25 ± 25.25g) in combined sex was also recorded. The regression lines between SL/SPL (SL=1.2925+0.1580 SPL), SL/BL (SL = -1.2831 + 0.8432 BL), SL/SW (SL=1.7367+0.9760 SW), SL/AL (SL=1.9303+ 0.6460 AL), SL/AW (SL=0.5239+0.4011 AW), SL/TWW (SL= -3.4225+2.9290 TWW) and  SW/TWW (SW=3.1353+2.8060 TWW) in combined sexes were linear, positive and highly significant. Ecological factors from observed value (Ko) of combined sex and from calculated value (Kc) of combined sex were 29.53 ± 4.26 and 29.29 ± 0.95, respectively. Kn values of combined sex were found to be 1.009 ± 0.137Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(2), 121-128, 2016

The microstructures of biomineralized surfaces: a spectroscopic study on the exoskeletons of fresh water (Apple) snail, Pila globosa

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2305-2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P.Lakshmi Prasuna ◽  
K.V Narasimhulu ◽  
N.O Gopal ◽  
J.Lakshmana Rao ◽  
T.V.R.K Rao
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Pila Globosa

The ability of wood frog eggs to withstand prolonged terrestrial stranding: an empirical study

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1733-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don C. Forester ◽  
David V. Lykens
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Wood Frog ◽  
Seasonal Precipitation ◽  
Wood Frogs ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Ephemeral Ponds

In Maryland, the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, oviposits in ephemeral ponds and pools during early spring. Seasonal precipitation is often unpredictable and egg masses may become exposed as ponds recede. The ability of wood frog eggs to withstand prolonged terrestrial exposure was tested in the laboratory. Egg mortality rate was exponential. Compared with a submerged control, 49% of the eggs died within 2 days, but 11% of the eggs were alive after 10 days and a few survived as long as 14 days. Wood frogs are thought to have evolved communal egg laying as a mechanism to minimize thermal stress during development. We suggest that this behavior also enabled egg masses to withstand terrestrial stranding. Today, advantages accrued through reduced thermal exposure and resistance to desiccation likely act in concert to stabilize communal egg-laying behavior.

scholarly journals Dispersion Patterns and Sample Size Estimates for Egg Masses of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1462-1472
Author(s):  
J Keller ◽  
J Rost ◽  
K Hoover ◽  
J Urban ◽  
H Leach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Sampling Unit ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Individual Trees

Abstract The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), is a new invasive pest in the United States. To quantify spotted lanternfly population abundance, one must understand this pest’s dispersion pattern, that is, the spatial arrangement of individuals within a population. Spotted lanternflies overwinter in egg masses from late fall to May, making this life stage suitable for population assessments. We measured the dispersion pattern of egg masses at two types of sites: a suburban housing development, where we used individual trees as the sampling unit, and rural woodlots, where we used individual trees and also plots with 5.64 m radius as sampling units. Plots were the same size as those recommended for monitoring the gypsy moth, a well-studied pest with similar egg laying habit to the spotted lanternfly. Egg masses in both sampling units were counted up to a height of 3 m. With trees as the sampling unit, egg masses were aggregated in 12 of 20 rural sampling universes, randomly dispersed at 6, and completely absent at 2. Similar patterns were seen when using the 5.64-m radius rural sampling units and for suburban sampling universes. We calculated sample size requirements for a range of mean densities at a precision of 25 and 30%. Additionally, the vertical distribution of egg masses was characterized on the invasive tree of heaven [Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle], a preferred host for spotted lanternflies. For small trees, there was a positive relationship between number of egg masses in the bottom 3 m of the tree and the total count.

Reproductive Potential of Florida Populations of Diaprepes abbreviates (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Herbert N. Nigg ◽  
Sam E. Simpson ◽  
Robin J. Stuart ◽  
Likui K. Yang ◽  
R. C Adair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Diaprepes Abbreviatus ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
The Mean

We examined the reproductive potential of field populations from five Florida geographical locations and one laboratory population of Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.). The life span for female weevils taken from field populations ranged from 116 to 300 d compared to 268 to 330 d for the laboratory population. Field-collected females oviposited a maximum of 11,414 eggs in 181 egg masses. The laboratory population produced a maximum of 20,048 eggs in 265 egg masses and may have been selected for egg production. The mean number of eggs, egg masses, and eggs/mass declined with female age for the laboratory-reared population. Compared to previous studies, our data increased the estimate of the maximum egg laying potential of individual females in field populations of D. abbreviatus from 7,000 to about 11,000 eggs. However, over a 6-wk period, the estimated life span for adults in the field, there was no difference in mean egg production between populations, and the overall mean ± S.E. was only 1954 ± 102 eggs (n = 184). Our data confirmed previous reports that females require fertilization by a male for egg development into a first-instar larva.

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