THE ESTIMATION OF THE AUTOMOTIVE FUEL DEMAND IN IRAN: ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM APPROACH

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (07) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehrara ◽  
Saeedeh Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Demand System ◽  
Almost Ideal Demand System ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Fuel Demand ◽  
Inferior Good ◽  
Normal Goods

This paper analyzes the demand for fuels in Iran automotive sector, using the Almost Ideal Demand System to estimate price and income elasticities for all the available fuels in the automotive sector: gasoline, automotive gas oil and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). These estimates can be very useful in predicting the overall impacts of price policies designed to reduce fuel consumption and to address concerns of carbon emissions or energy security. Empirical results indicate all own-price elasticities are negative and significant at 5% level. The own-price elasticity for gas oil, gasoline and LPG were estimated by about -0.22, -1.01 and -3.58, respectively. The findings also show that gasoline and gas oil are normal goods and LPG being an inferior good.

scholarly journals Analisis Konsumsi Protein Hewani pada Rumah Tangga Indonesia

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Rodhiah Umaroh ◽  
Anggita Vinantia
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Almost Ideal Demand System ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Cross Price Elasticity ◽  
Expenditure Elasticity ◽  
Normal Goods

Currently, animal protein consumption in Indonesia is still low. The consumption of animal protein is one of the keys to improving public health. This study aims to analyze the consumption of animal protein shown by consumption of meat, chicken, fish and milk commodities in households in Indonesia. Fifth Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data applied by model of Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). The results found that the own-price elasticity has a negative sign in accordance with the law of demand. Cross-price elasticity values vary from one another. Expenditure elasticity has positive sign indicates that all commodities are normal goods. ========================== Saat ini konsumsi protein hewani di Indonesia masih relatif rendah. Padahal konsumsi protein hewani menjadi salah satu kunci untuk meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsumsi protein hewani yang ditunjukkan oleh konsumsi komoditas daging, daging ayam, ikan-ikanan, dan susu pada rumah tangga Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 yang diaplikasikan dengan model Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien elastisitas harga sendiri memiliki tanda negatif sesuai dengan hukum permintaan. Nilai elastisitas harga silang bervariasi satu sama lain. Elastisitas pengeluaran bertanda positif menunjukkan bahwa seluruh komoditas merupakan barang normal.

scholarly journals Fuel Demand Elasticities in Pakistan: An Analysis of Households' Expenditure on Fuels using Micro Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem A. Burney ◽  
Naeem Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Demand Elasticities ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Fuel Demand ◽  
Expenditure System ◽  
Expenditure Pattern

This study aims to examine the pattern of households' expenditure on fuel consumption in Pakistan using the data of Household Income and Expenditure Survey (1984-85). Price and income elasticities have been estimated by applying the Extended linear Expenditure System. It is found that the expenditure pattern of the rural households is different from the urban households, with the rural households spending proportionately more on fuels. The estimates of the income elasticities imply that all fuels are a necessity for both urban and rural households. The price elasticities of different fuels are found to be extremely low, implying that the Consumption of fuels in Pakistan is highly price inelastic.

Elasticities of Food Demand in Germany – A Demand System Analysis Using Disaggregated Household Scanner Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Jonas Peltner ◽  
Silke Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
High Expenditure ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
Raw Foods

This paper presents price and income elasticities of food demand for Germany. Using disaggregated household scanner data and the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS). The QUAIDS is modified to account for censoring and include household demographics. Furthermore, a two-stage budgeting approach is used to more accurately reflect households’ purchasing behaviour. Having disaggregated data also allowed to include convenience aspects into the demand system. High expenditure elasticities are found for fruits and nuts and meat, fish and eggs. The highest own-price elasticity is found for beverages. At the second stage, the bread toppings group reveals new insights into demand relations between cold cuts, cheese and other spreads. Cold cuts have both the highest expenditure and own-price elasticity. Cross-price elasticities indicate mostly complementary relations between cold cuts and other bread toppings. Comparing different income groups shows that expenditure elasticities of raw foods or basic ingredient foods tend to decrease as income increases, whereas expenditure elasticities of foods that require minimal or no preparation tend to increase with income. In conclusion, this study stresses the need for regularly updated elasticities of food demand that reflect up-to-date consumption behavior.

scholarly journals Estimación de la demanda de bebidas no alcohólicas en Ecuador

ECA Sinergia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Mercy Raquel Orellana Bravo ◽  
Joselin Katerine Segovia Sarmiento ◽  
Juan Pablo Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Palabras Clave

  Con el objetivo de explorar el potencial de un impuesto a las bebidas azucaradas como medida de salud pública en Ecuador, se estiman las elasticidades precio propia, precio-cruzada e ingreso de la demanda de bebidas no alcohólicas a nivel de hogar. Utilizando un Sistema Casi Ideal de Demanda Cuadrática (QUAIDS), se encuentra que, contrario al consumo de bebidas soft, el consumo de gaseosas es elástico. Estos resultados revelaron ser independientes del nivel de ingreso del hogar. Además, se halló una relación de sustitución entre las bebidas gaseosas y los lácteos. El gravamen de gaseosas, por tanto, podría disminuir su consumo y dirigirlo hacia bebidas más saludables.   Palabras clave: Elasticidad de la demanda; bebidas azucaradas; impuesto.   ABSTRACT This paper explores the potential effects of a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages as a public health policy in Ecuador by estimating the own, cross-price and income elasticities of non-alcoholic beverages at household level. We estimated a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) and found that, contrary to soft drinks, the consumption of soda is elastic. This revealed to be independent of the household income level. It was also found a substitution relationship between soda drinks and dairy drinks. Thus, taxation of soda drinks could decrease its consumption and direct it to healthier alternatives.   Keywords: Elasticity of demand; sugar-sweetened beverages; tax.

Household consumption allocation and the collective household model: Children share of household resources in The Gambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Madi Mangan
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Factor Price ◽  
Sharing Rule ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Household Resources ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Household Model ◽  
Household Members

This paper applies the collective household model to allocate household resources among household members. With a Collective Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (CQUAIDS) estimated by a Feasible Generalized Nonlinear Least Squares (FGNLS) method, it studies the household demand for six categories of household goods using household income and expenditure survey data from The Gambia, directed to studying the allocation of resources among young and adult members of households in The Gambia. It establishes the sharing rule for children and adult members of the household and shows the effect of demographic, distributive factor, price and income elasticities on the shares of household resources. The results establish that a higher share of resources goes for children while the sharing rule varies for different household types. Also, the findings show significant effects of demographic, distributive factor, price and income on the allocation of the household resources of consumption goods by the household.

An Almost Ideal Demand System Analysis of Fresh Fish in Semarang, Indonesia

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Mustapha R. Abdullah ◽  
Roslan A. Ghaffar ◽  
Dwisetia Poerwono
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Almost Ideal Demand System ◽  
Fresh Fish

scholarly journals Meat Demand in South Korea: An Application of the Restricted Source-Differentiated Almost Ideal Demand System Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shida Rastegari Henneberry ◽  
Seong-huyk Hwang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
The United States ◽  
System Model ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Almost Ideal Demand System ◽  
The South ◽  
Meat Demand ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Meat Market

The first difference version of the restricted source-differentiated almost ideal demand system is used to estimate South Korean meat demand. The results of this study indicate that the United States has the most to gain from an increase in the size of the South Korean imported meat market in terms of its beef exports, while South Korea has the most to gain from this expansion in the pork market. Moreover, the results indicate that the United States has a competitive advantage to Australia in the South Korean beef market. Results of this study have implications for U.S. meat exports in this ever-changing policy environment.

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