Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes a severe respiratory illness that was unknown in the human before. Its alarmingly quick transmission to many countries across the world resulted in a worldwide health emergency. It has caused a notable percentage of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an imminent need for drugs to combat this disease has been increased. Global collaborative efforts from scientists are underway to find a therapy to treat infections and reduce death cases. Herbal medicines and purified natural products have been reported to have antiviral activity against Coronaviruses (CoVs).Methods: In this study, a High Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS) protocol was used as a fast method on the discovery of novel drug candidates as the COVID-19 main protease inhibitors. Over 180,000 natural product-based compounds were obtained from the ZINC database and virtually screened against the COVID-19 main protease. In this study, the Glide docking program was applied for high throughput virtual screening. Extra precision (XP) and in a combination of Prime module, induced-fit docking (IFD) approach was also used. Additionally, the ADME properties of all compounds were analyzed, and the final selection was carried out based on the Lipinski rule of five. Results: The nineteen compounds were selected and introduced as new potential inhibitors. The compound ZINC08765174 (1-[3-(1H-indol-3-yl) propanoyl]-N-(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)piperidine-3-carboxamide) showed a strong binding affinity (-11.5 kcal/mol) to the crucial residues of COVID-19 main protease comparing to peramivir (-9.8 kcal/mol) as a positive control.Conclusions: The excellent ADME properties proposed the opportunity of this compound to be a promising candidate for the treatment of COVID-19.
Virtual screening and high-throughput testing of L1 metallo-β-lactamase inhibitor
