Ikan dan Krustasea: Aplikasi Bahan Alam Untuk Pertumbuhan dan Reproduksi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awaludin Awaludin ◽  
◽  
Diana Maulianawati ◽  
Kartina Kartina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Synthetic Hormones ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Aquaculture is a solution in providing animal nutrition for humans. Capture fishing and aquaculture are the two main sources of fisheries production in Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the world's top exporters of fisheries products. Fish have a unique growth pattern. Fish use available nutrients for the reproductive process as they get older, but there is still a positive contribution to growth. The requirements for optimum temperature, feed, and growth period for juvenile and adult fish may be different. Reproduction in organism, including aquatic animals, is controlled by hormones. Hormones involved in reproduction such as steroids, FSH, LH, estradiol etc. In aquaculture, the increase in growth and reproduction in fish and crustaceans uses a lot of synthetic hormones, which there are still many weaknesses. The use of natural product is one of the environmentally sustainable options for increasing growth and reproduction. There have been many applications of natural products that have been able to improve growth and reproduction, such as the use of celery, Karamunting, Katuk, Paku Uban and Turmeric. Some of the references to this book are the result of the author's research that has been published in various national and international journals

scholarly journals Increasing the Growth and Quality of Red Chili with Growth Hormone from Endophytic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Rafika Yuniawati ◽  
Siti Fatimah ◽  
Reni Indrayanti ◽  
Ifa Manzila ◽  
Tri Puji Priyatno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Synthetic Hormones ◽  
Potential Test

<p>Red chili is a very important horticultural commodity in Indonesia having low productivity and quality. Cultivation method needs to be improved including the use of exogenous growth hormones. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the optimum concentration of IAA and GA growing hormones from isolate B6.2 in stimulating plant growth and improving the quality of large red chili fruit; (2) molecular identity of the B6.2 bacterial isolate. The growth hormone content of B6.2 isolates using HPLC obtained 0.49 ppm IAA and 64.53 ppm GA. The growth hormone potential test on the growth and quality of chili was carried out with a concentration of 1, 3, 5 ml/l, while water and synthetic hormones was used as negative and positive control, respectively. The experimental design used was a Complete Random Design with the foliar spray application to the plant canopy three times during the growth period. The results showed the best concentration in increasing plant height, fruit weight, shooth wet, and dry weight compared to controls at the age of 76 days after planting (dap) was a concentration of 5 ml/l, with the values of 71.7±0.9 cm , 94.7±0.3 g, 11.5±0.43 g, and 1.4±0.09 g, respectively. The molecular identification showed that B6.2 isolate was classified as Bacillus vallismortis with 100% homology. The growth hormone from isolate B6.2 has the potential to increase growth and production of red chili plants.</p>

Effect of temperature on seed development in jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider). I. Dry matter changes

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
IF Wardlaw ◽  
RL Dunstone
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Subtropical Species

Growth of the capsule and seed of jojoba were followed from pollination to maturity at eight temperature regimens ranging from 15/10 to 36/31�C (8/16 h; photoperiod 16 h). There was an initial lag before the onset of rapid (linear) seed development, during which the capsule expanded, and this lag varied from 106 days at 15/10�C to 7 days at 36/31�C. The wax concentration in the seed was low during the initial stages of development, but reached a maximum when the seeds were 70-75% of their final dry weight. The maximum rate of dry matter accumulation in the seed increased with temperature up to 33/28�C but, because of the longer growth period at low temperature, seed size at maturity was greatest at 18/13�C. The current work suggests that prolonged periods with temperatures above 36/31�C, or below 15/10�C would be harmful to the development of jojoba seed. The high optimum temperature for growth rate of the seed (33/28�C) and sensitivity to a temperature of 15/10�C, puts jojoba into the same group as many subtropical species. However, the lower optimum temperature for seed weight at maturity (18/13�C) is close to that observed for the temperate cereals.

Effects of Long-Term Exposures to Copper on Survival, Growth, and Reproduction of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. McKim ◽  
D. A. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Toxicant Concentration ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

During a 22-month period, all developmental stages of the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were exposed to copper (Cu(II)) concentrations ranging from 32.5 to 1.9 μg/liter. The highest concentration decreased survival and growth in adult fish and reduced both number of viable eggs produced and hatchability. Survival, growth, and reproductive success of adults in copper concentrations from 17.4 to 3.4 μg/liter did not differ from the control (1.9 μg/liter). Concentrations of 32.5 and 17.4 μg/liter had marked adverse effects on survival and growth of alevins and juvenile fish. Effects of copper on alevins–juveniles from unexposed parents apparently are no different than the effects on alevins–juveniles from parents exposed to copper. The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for brook trout exposed to copper in water with a hardness of 45 mg/liter (as CaCO3) and a pH of 7.5 fell between 17.4 and 9.5 μg/liter copper. The mean 96-hr TL50 for 14-month-old brook trout exposed to copper was 100 μg/liter, and the application factor, MATC/96-hr TL50, lies between 0.17 and 0.10.

Ultrastructure of Testicular Spermatozoon of the Fish Oreochromis Niloticus

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
T. Guha ◽  
A. Q. Siddiqui ◽  
P. F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Testicular Sperm ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Important Fish ◽  
Testicular Spermatozoon ◽  
Diamond Knife

Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is an economically important fish in Saudi Arabia. Elucidation of reproductive biology of this species is necessary for successful breeding program. In this paper we describe fine structure of testicular sperm cells in O, niloticus.Testes from young adult fish were fixed in gluteraldehyde (2%) and osmium tetroxide (1%), both in cacodyl ate buffer. Specimens were processed in the conventional way for electron microscopy and thin sections of tissues (obtained by cutting the blocks with a diamond knife) were stained by ura- nyl acetate and lead citrate. These were examined in a Carl Zeiss electron microscope operated at 40 kV to 60 kV. Sperm cells were obtained from testes by squeezing them in cacodyl ate buffer. They were fixed in gluteraldehyde (2%) in the same buffer, air dried, gold coated and then examined in a Philips scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated at 25kV.The spermatozoon of O. niloticus is consisting of head, midpiece and tail (Fig. 1).

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