Delivering Trauma-Informed Care in the Juvenile Justice Setting

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Darson Rhodes ◽  
Carol Cox ◽  
Patrick Hebert ◽  
Haley Bylina ◽  
Parker Heman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Training Community

Youth taken from the home and placed in emergency shelter, secure detention, and residential set-tings are exposed to new sources of trauma and danger that may re-activate severe stress symptoms leading to re-traumatization. A juvenile justice center planned a trauma-informed, system-focused in-tervention that included recommended elements: appropriate assessments of trauma symptoms, evi-dence-based programs and treatments to build resilience skills in youth and families, staff training, community collaboration and partnerships, and a safe environment to reduce the risk of re-traumatization. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation over two years of the trauma-informed, system-focused intervention in the juvenile justice center and associated effects on youth trauma symptoms. Current and past traumatic event exposure, change in youth participants’ emotional regulation, effects of an evidence-based, trauma-informed therapeutic intervention on youth participants’ stress symptoms, and quality of the organizational trauma-informed care plan were assessed. Although efforts to improve participant emotional regulation and post-traumatic stress symptoms did not demonstrate significant differences, efforts to screen for trauma exposure at intake provided important information about participant multiple traumas to assist with the therapeutic pro-cess. Efforts in changing organizational culture and policy did result in minor self-reported facility envi-ronmental improvements. For the practitioner, even when an intervention is well planned, results are not always positive in actual practice.

Creating Trauma-Informed Schools

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen A. Dombo ◽  
Christine Anlauf Sabatino
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
School Social Workers ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
The Impact

Creating Trauma-Informed Schools: A Guide for School Social Workers and Educators provides concrete skills and current knowledge about trauma-informed services in school settings. Children at all educational levels, from Early Head Start settings through high school, are vulnerable to abuse, neglect, bullying, violence in their homes and neighborhoods, and other traumatic experiences. Research shows that upward of 70% of children in schools report experiencing at least one traumatic event before age 16. The correlation between high rates of trauma exposure and poor academic performance has been established in the scholarly literature, as has the need for trauma-informed schools and communities. School social workers are on the front lines of service delivery through their work with children who face social and emotional struggles in the pursuit of education. They are in a prime position for preventing and addressing trauma, but there are scant resources for social workers to assist in the creation of trauma-informed schools. This book will provide an overview of the impact of trauma on children and adolescents, as well as interventions for direct practice and collaboration with teachers, families, and communities. Readers of this book will discover valuable resources and distinct examples of how to implement the ten principles of trauma-informed services in their schools to provide trauma-informed care to students grounded in the principles of safety, connection, and emotional regulation. They will also gain beneficial skills for self-care in their work.

Translating Trauma-Informed Principles into Social Work Practice

Social Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-298
Author(s):  
Jill Levenson
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Narratives ◽  
Helping Relationship ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Trauma-informed social work is characterized by client-centered practices that facilitate trust, safety, respect, collaboration, hope, and shared power. Many agencies have adopted trauma-informed care (TIC) initiatives and many social workers are familiar with its basic principles, but it is challenging to infuse these ideals into real-world service delivery. This article offers 10 trauma-informed practices (TIPs) for translating TIC concepts into action by (a) conceptualizing client problems, strengths, and coping strategies through the trauma lens and (b) responding in ways that avoid inadvertently reinforcing clients’ feelings of vulnerability and disempowerment (re-traumatization). TIPs guide workers to consider trauma as an explanation for client problems, incorporate knowledge about trauma into service delivery, understand trauma symptoms, transform trauma narratives, and use the helping relationship as a tool for healing.

scholarly journals Uncharted Waters: Treating Trauma Symptoms in the Context of Early Psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folk ◽  
Tully ◽  
Blacker ◽  
Liles ◽  
Bolden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Specialty Care ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Psychosis is conceptualized in a neurodevelopmental vulnerability-stress framework, and childhood trauma is one environmental factor that can lead to psychotic symptoms and the development of psychotic disorders. Higher rates of trauma are associated with higher psychosis risk and greater symptom frequency and severity, resulting in increased hospitalization rates and demand on outpatient primary care and mental health services. Despite an estimated 70% of individuals in the early stages of psychosis reporting a history of experiencing traumatic events, trauma effects (post-traumatic anxiety or depressive symptoms) are often overlooked in psychosis treatment and current interventions typically do not target commonly comorbid post-traumatic stress symptoms. We presented a protocol for Trauma-Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis (TI-CBTp), an approach to treating post-traumatic stress symptoms in the context of early psychosis care. We provided a brief summary of TI-CBTp as implemented in the context of Coordinated Specialty Care and presented preliminary data supporting the use of TI-CBTp in early psychosis care. The preliminary results suggest that individuals with comorbid psychosis and post-traumatic stress symptoms can be appropriately and safely treated using TI-CBTp within Coordinated Specialty Care.

Measuring the Impact of Psychological Trauma Change on Recidivism Among Juvenile Justice–Involved Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystel Tossone ◽  
Fredrick Butcher ◽  
Jeff Kretschmar
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Latent Variable Modeling ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Population heterogeneity and intra-individual change are often overlooked in recidivism research. This study employs latent transition analysis of psychological trauma from intake into a juvenile justice diversion program until termination, followed by modeling of recidivism. A comparison model of a logistic regression without latent variables is also presented, to answer whether the same results would have been achieved without using latent variable modeling. Results indicate that juvenile justice–involved (JJI) youth are assigned into four psychological trauma classes at intake, and three at termination. Latent status membership predicts 6-month recidivism ( p = .03). Those who begin in classes that have Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Anger have higher odds of recidivating than those who demonstrate generally high or low trauma symptoms at intake. The comparison regression model found no significant relationship between the five trauma symptom domains and recidivism. Implications for employing latent variable modeling and person-centered analyses for recidivism research are discussed.

Using the PBIS Framework to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Youth in Juvenile Justice Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skip Kumm ◽  
Sarup R. Mathur ◽  
Michelle Cassavaugh ◽  
Erin Butts
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Mental Health Agencies ◽  
Positive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Trauma Informed

Youth in juvenile justice facilities may experience symptoms of mental health disorders and trauma at a higher rate than their normative peers. As a result, juvenile justice facilities have become de facto mental health agencies, resulting in an increased need to provide interventions that can meet the various needs of their residents. Embedding mental health and trauma-informed care into tiered facility-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports (FW-PBIS) is an emerging practice to meet a multitude of youth mental health symptoms. In this article, we provide examples of how mental health and trauma-informed care can be interwoven into an FW-PBIS framework by using a data-based decision-making process to guide the implementation of tiered evidence-based interventions, and we offer implications for practice and research.

Sexual Assault

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Verma ◽  
Celeste S Royce
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
The Many

Sexual assault affects as many as one-third of women around the world. Sexual assault includes individual traumatic events as well as chronic sexually abusive relationships, and can involve a partner, acquaintance, or stranger. Many women who have experienced sexual assault develop long-term mental and physical effects of their sexual trauma, including post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol abuse, and dyspareunia. OBGYNs are able to have long-lasting impacts on the many survivors of sexual assault by screening effectively and providing compassionate, trauma-informed care. This review contains 10 figures and 33 references. Keywords: human trafficking, intimate partner violence, primary care, rape, sexual assault, sexual violence, trauma-informed care, women

scholarly journals LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ASSAULT AMONG OLDER PEOPLE WITH HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S549-S549
Author(s):  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Liz Seidel ◽  
Rebecca Erenrich ◽  
Stephen E Karpiak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research finds high rates of childhood sexual assault (CSA) among people with HIV (PWH). CSA is related to depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and poor health. PWH age 50 and older account for the majority of this population in the U.S., but we have little information on the impact of CSA on these older adults. Data were obtained from the San Francisco arm of the Research on Older Adults with HIV 2.0 study (n=197). Fifty percent reported CSA. Cisgender women and transgender people were more likely to report CSA compared to other groups. PWH reporting CSA were more likely to meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD (42% vs. 27%), and had higher mean PHQ-9 depression scores (9.3 vs. 6.8). Those reporting CSA had significantly more comorbid health conditions compared to their peers. Implications for using a trauma-informed care model with older adults living with HIV will be discussed.

Polyvictimization and Psychosocial Outcomes Among Trauma-Exposed, Clinic-Referred Youth Involved in the Juvenile Justice System

2021 ◽  
pp. 107755952110250
Author(s):  
Heather T. Pane Seifert ◽  
Angela M. Tunno ◽  
Ernestine C. Briggs ◽  
Sherika Hill ◽  
Damion J. Grasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Cross System

Polyvictimization is a robust predictor of emotional and behavioral problems and is linked to involvement in juvenile justice and other public sector systems. This study extends prior research by employing person-centered methods for identifying polyvictimization patterns among trauma-exposed, clinic-referred, justice-involved youth ( n = 689; ages 12–18 years) and how identified classes differ on psychosocial outcomes and demographic characteristics. Most participants had experienced multiple traumatic event (TE) types. Latent class analyses identified three classes: mixed trauma/bereavement exposure group (55.1%; Mean = 3.0 TE types); maltreatment polyvictimized group (29.3%; Mean = 5.7 TE types); and maltreatment plus extreme violence polyvictimized group (15.7%; Mean = 9.3 TE types). Polyvictimized youth were more likely to be female, in out-of-home placements, and experiencing negative psychosocial outcomes (e.g., Posttraumatic Stress Disorder). Hispanic/Latino youth were overrepresented in the extreme polyvictimized subgroup. Results underscore the need for cross-system coordination of trauma-informed, comprehensive services for clinic-referred, justice-involved youth.

scholarly journals Interventions to treat post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) in vulnerably housed populations and trauma-informed care: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria Bennett ◽  
Kien Crosse ◽  
Michael Ku ◽  
Nicole E Edgar ◽  
Amanda Hodgson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
High Staff Turnover ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Emotional Safety

Objectives: The goals of this study are to identify and analyse interventions that aim to treat Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD in individuals who are vulnerably housed and to describe how these treatments have been delivered using trauma-informed care. Design: Scoping review Search strategy: We searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PTSDpubs for published literature up to March 2020 for any studies that examined the treatment of PTSD in adults who were vulnerably housed. Websites of relevant organizations and other grey literature sources were searched to supplement the electronic database search. The characteristics and effect of the interventions were analyzed. We also explored how the interventions were delivered and the elements of trauma-informed care that were described. Results: 26 studies were included. We identified four types of interventions: (1) trauma focused psychotherapies; (2) non-trauma psychotherapies; (3) housing interventions; and (4) pharmacotherapies. The trauma-informed interventions were small case series and the non-trauma focused therapies included four randomized controlled trials, were generally ineffective. Of the ten studies which described trauma-informed care the most commonly named elements were physical and emotional safety, the experience of feeling heard and understood, and flexibility of choice. The literature also commented on the difficulty of providing care to this population including lack of private space to deliver therapy; the co-occurrence of substance use; and barriers to follow-up including limited length of stay in different shelters and high staff turnover. Conclusions: This scoping review identified a lack of high-quality trials to address PTSD in the vulnerably housed. There is a need to conduct well designed trials that take into account the unique setting of this population and which describe those elements of trauma-informed care that are most important and necessary.

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