scholarly journals LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ASSAULT AMONG OLDER PEOPLE WITH HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S549-S549
Author(s):  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Liz Seidel ◽  
Rebecca Erenrich ◽  
Stephen E Karpiak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research finds high rates of childhood sexual assault (CSA) among people with HIV (PWH). CSA is related to depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, and poor health. PWH age 50 and older account for the majority of this population in the U.S., but we have little information on the impact of CSA on these older adults. Data were obtained from the San Francisco arm of the Research on Older Adults with HIV 2.0 study (n=197). Fifty percent reported CSA. Cisgender women and transgender people were more likely to report CSA compared to other groups. PWH reporting CSA were more likely to meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD (42% vs. 27%), and had higher mean PHQ-9 depression scores (9.3 vs. 6.8). Those reporting CSA had significantly more comorbid health conditions compared to their peers. Implications for using a trauma-informed care model with older adults living with HIV will be discussed.

Sexual Assault

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Verma ◽  
Celeste S Royce
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
The Many

Sexual assault affects as many as one-third of women around the world. Sexual assault includes individual traumatic events as well as chronic sexually abusive relationships, and can involve a partner, acquaintance, or stranger. Many women who have experienced sexual assault develop long-term mental and physical effects of their sexual trauma, including post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol abuse, and dyspareunia. OBGYNs are able to have long-lasting impacts on the many survivors of sexual assault by screening effectively and providing compassionate, trauma-informed care. This review contains 10 figures and 33 references. Keywords: human trafficking, intimate partner violence, primary care, rape, sexual assault, sexual violence, trauma-informed care, women

scholarly journals Trauma and Adversity: Factors Impacting Vulnerability and Resilience Among Older Disaster Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 591-591
Author(s):  
Molly Davis ◽  
Nikki Bellamy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disaster Survivors ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Disaster Trauma ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Most would agree that older adults represent a highly vulnerable group prior to, during and post disaster. Age-related vulnerabilities often lead into an increased risk for traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress symptoms after a disaster. Trauma informed principles offer a possible way to reduce the vulnerability of older adults after a disaster. For example, utilizing the trauma informed question “what has happened to you” shifts the focus from a deficit approach and allows for a deeper understanding of the impact of traumatic life experiences on current functioning and reaction to the disaster. It is this understanding of trauma’s impact that may have a role in how older adult disaster survivors view, respond, and recover after a natural disaster (Seery et.al. 2010; Iacoviello & Charney, 2014). In addition, understanding the role of lifetime adversity provides critical insights for disaster planning, reducing vulnerability and promoting resilience among older disaster survivors.

scholarly journals 1415. A qualitative study of intersectional stigma among older adults living with HIV who are victims of childhood sexual abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S715-S715
Author(s):  
Chigozie A Nkwonta ◽  
Monique Brown ◽  
Titilayo James ◽  
Amandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Intersectional stigma is based upon co-occurring and intersecting identities or conditions and occurs at multiple levels of influence. Intersectional stigma has been repeatedly associated with poor health behaviors and outcomes. The effect of intersectional stigma among older adults are particularly challenging due to issues related to ageism, loss of social support, and comorbidities. We examined the impact of multiple stigmas on older adults living with HIV who are victims of childhood sexual abuse. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposefully selected heterogeneous sample of 24 adults living with HIV who are 50 years and older in South Carolina. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using thematic analysis. Results Participants shared experiences and perceptions of stigma and discrimination most commonly related to their HIV status and sexuality at the interpersonal/familial and community levels. Four themes emerged to explain the impact of intersectional stigma: depression, lack of HIV disclosure, limited support, and reduced intimacy. Conclusion The complexity of multiple stigmas profoundly shapes life experiences, opportunities, and mental health of older adults living with HIV. This study highlights that public health programs need to consider the impact of intersectional stigma in order to promote the wellbeing of and improve quality of life for older adults living with HIV. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Developing trauma-informed care: using psychodynamic concepts to help staff respond to the attachment needs of survivors of trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rye ◽  
Joanna Anderson ◽  
Max Pickard
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Adults With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Many referrals to our mental health of learning disability service focus on concerns about behaviours that present risks to the referred person and to those around them, including support workers. If the referred person has good verbal ability, psychological therapy may be requested and offered, but the person may find it too difficult to engage for a number of reasons. Even when they do engage in therapy, the authors recognise the importance of helping staff better understand their attachment needs. This paper aims to demonstrate an innovative approach to helping staff provide Trauma-Informed Care (TIC). Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a training programme for support workers using psychodynamic concepts, such as splitting, transference and counter-transference, to help them develop insight into the processes that get enacted during their work. In this paper the authors have generally used the term “care staff”, recognising that an important aspect of the role of those staff is to provide care within an attachment framework; as well as support to maximise independence. Findings The feedback from staff who have attended has been very positive, both at the time and later. Staff who have attended have talked to multidisciplinary colleagues about the impact their learning has had on their ability to work with service users who present great challenges, in the context of their trauma histories. Originality/value The importance of providing TIC is gaining traction across varied settings. The authors are in the process of developing both qualitative and quantitative research programmes to evaluate this approach to increasing TIC for adults with learning disabilities, reducing staff burn out and placement breakdown.

scholarly journals At the Heart of Trauma-Informed Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Marguerite Cooper Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Health ◽  
Engagement In Care ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
Care Environment ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Influence Behavior

“Trauma-informed care” provides a framework to guide clinicians in responding to the epidemic of trauma. Yet few clinicians feel comfortable defining trauma-informed care or describing how it translates into practice. This reflective piece suggests four dimensions of trauma-informed care: 1) Awareness of the prevalence of trauma and its long-term effects on physical and emotional health to every encounter; 2) attitudes that recognize resilience and take into account how trauma may influence behavior and engagement in care; 3) an approach to care that prioritizes safety, choice and collaboration while working to build trust; and 4) education regarding trauma’s effects, and connection to resources to support healing. These dimensions seek to clarify the provider’s role in creating a trauma-informed health care environment and stimulate reflection on how best to serve patients affected by trauma.

scholarly journals Encouraging Trauma-Informed Care of Sexual Assault Survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Chalmers ◽  
Nicole Dussault ◽  
Ramya Parameswaran
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Assault Survivors

Supporting Women with Substance Use Issues: Trauma-Informed Care as a Foundation for Practice in the NICU

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenora Marcellus
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Current State ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTInfants with neonatal abstinence syndrome and their mothers require extended support through health and social service systems. Practitioners are interested in exploring innovative approaches to caring for infants and mothers. There is now compelling evidence linking women’s substance use to experiences of trauma and violence. A significant shift in the fields of addiction and mental health has been awareness of the impact of trauma and violence on infants and children, women, their families, and communities. In this article, the current state of knowledge of trauma-informed care is reviewed, in particular for application to practice within the NICU. Trauma survivors are at risk of being retraumatized because of health care providers’ limited understanding of how to work effectively with them. Recognizing the impact of trauma and implementing evidence-based trauma-informed practices in the NICU holds promise for improving outcomes for women and their infants.

scholarly journals Benevolent Ageism: Exploring Its Boundary Conditions, Generalizability, and Correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
Toni Bisconti ◽  
Jennifer Sublett ◽  
Alison Chasteen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Ageism is one of the few prejudices that is still socially condoned (Nelson, 2016). Given the aging population and the impact of internalizing ageist thoughts, this construct needs to be at the forefront for scientific examination. The long-term effects of ageism, particularly negative self-perceptions, lead to negative health and cognitive outcomes (Chasteen et al., 2015; Levy et al., 2002). One of the intricate components of ageism, however, is that it is often “benevolent”. Cuddy and colleagues developed the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) to describe how individuals are categorized based on varying degrees of warmth and competence. Unlike many devalued members of society who are viewed as low on both, older adults are viewed as having high warmth and low competence, leading to more overaccommodative treatment. The goal of the present symposium is to overview the ways in which researchers have dissected this more nuanced type of ageism. Specifically, two of the presenters will cover some of the boundary conditions of understanding age-based stereotypes and their malleability, examining them across ages and across genders. Additionally, one of our presenters will overview the validation of the Ambivalent Ageism Scale on a Chinese sample, lending support to its generalizability. Finally, our last presenter will overview the relationship between benevolent ageism and self-compassion to predict metamemory, given the pervasive stereotype that older adults suffer from severe cognitive decline. Themes and implications of these presentations will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment on Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoni Xiao ◽  
Mina Murat Baldwin ◽  
Franziska Meinck ◽  
Ingrid Obsuth ◽  
Aja Louise Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental and physical health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and aggression; however, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature would help clarify the magnitude and moderators of these associations, and the extent to which they may be affected by publication bias, as well as the methodological strengths and weakness of studies in this area.Method: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline will be employed to structure the review. Several searches will be carried out via databases including Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Applied Social Science Index and Abstract, ERIC and EMBASE. Empirical peer reviewed research articles that fit pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included in the review. This review will include literature written in either English or Chinese. Two independent reviewers will screen and assess studies for inclusion in the review as well as extract the data, with consensus reached through discussion in cases of discrepancy. A third reviewer will be consulted to resolve any discrepancies that cannot be resolved through discussion between the original reviewers. The relevant Newcastle-Ottawa scales will be used for assessing the quality of studies. If a sufficient number of comparable studies are retrieved, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Discussion: This systematic review will provide an understanding of the long-term effects of childhood psychological maltreatment on adult mental health, which adds to previous reviews focusing primarily on the effects of physical and sexual abuse. The results of the review will help inform clinical practice in approaches to treating those with a history of psychological maltreatment in childhood. The gaps and weaknesses in the evidence identified will also inform recommendations for future research.

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