scholarly journals The Influence of Police Training Programmes on Police Officers Participation in Environmental Sustainability Awareness in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Sseggiriinya Fredrick
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Community Awareness ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Training Programmes

This study sought to investigate the influence of police training programmes on police officers participation in the environmental sustainability awareness in Uganda. The investigation was provoked by the reportedly deteriorating performance of police officers in areas of environmental sustainability awareness despite of government’s effort to transform Uganda to a middle income country by 2040.The specific areas studied include influence of police training on their participation in community awareness in environmental sustainability awareness, police enforcement of environmental related laws and police officers participation in environmental sustainability. The study took an interpretive philosophical paradigm and was under pined by the Social learning theory and the Expectancy theory of Motivation. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, Focused Group Discussions, participant observation and documentary analysis. A total of 412 police officers and 80 non polices participated in the study. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS by use of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Regression analysis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis by use of transcription, coding and themes development. The study findings showed a strong positive relationship between training programmes and police officers participation in environmental sustainability awareness, (r = 0.587, p = 0.000, n = 412). It further showed that police training programmes are predictors of police officers participation in environmental sustainability awareness, p - v < 0.050 (= 0.000). The relationship is statistically significant at 95 % confidence level. The researcher concluded that police training programmes influence police officers participation in environmental sustainability awareness in Uganda. Thus it was recommended that police management promote community awareness on environmental sustainability awareness by allocating enough funds to standardize training and other activities related to environmental sustainability awareness in Uganda.

scholarly journals Representing environment and development – tracing links between drivers, representations and power dynamics in cocoa sustainability and beyond

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Judith Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Power Asymmetries ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Global North ◽  
Sustainability Initiatives

How much do misleading representations matter? This article examines carefully constructed narratives of engagement in 'sustainable' cocoa production initiatives, which fail to mention one of the actual key drivers: the need to shore up production in the long term in an embattled sector. Consequently, representations also downplay the need for systemic change, reproducing the power asymmetries they claim to change. The research seeks to establish to what degree public-facing communication differs from underlying priorities in terms of forefronting altruism over necessity, and whether this is problematic for the initiatives' overall outcome. Through semi-structured interviews, focus-group discussions, documentary analysis and participant observation in Latin America and Europe, it reviews relations in two cocoa sustainability initiatives with environmental foci. Crucially, the research establishes a link between representations, underlying priorities and the degree to which they (re)produce pre-existing power asymmetries between global North and global South, private sector and other stakeholders in the industry, speaking to a variety of political ecology questions. It argues that public-facing, altruism-focused communication distracts from the sector's underlying systemic issues: the emphasis on altruism works to reduce pressure to transform power asymmetries and omnipresent inequalities.

Thai Police Officers: A Survey of Police Attitudes Regarding Traffic Police Training

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seksan Khruakham ◽  
Sutham Cheurprakobkit
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Police Training ◽  
World Health ◽  
Traffic Enforcement ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The Given

Abstract Traffic accidents have become a major issue in Thailand since the World Health Organization reported in 2018 that Thailand had the second highest death rate of road accidents in the world (over 24,000 deaths each year). Because the effectiveness of traffic enforcement was found to be a key factor that helps reduce the number of traffic accidents, this study examined how well the policy on traffic training programmes has been implemented and how traffic training programmes prepare traffic officials to perform their traffic duties. A random sample of 247 traffic officials was chosen from the four police regions and the Bangkok Metropolitan area to complete a survey. The results of the study show that the implementation of traffic training programmes is inconsistent with the given policy, resulting in traffic officials gaining insufficient knowledge and skills from training to do their work.

Occupational Stress and the Use of Force by Dutch Police Officers

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolien Kop ◽  
Martin C. Euwema
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Police Work ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Police Management ◽  
Significant Relationships

This study addresses three issues. First, characteristics of Dutch police work and the stressful aspects of this work are described. Second, the levels of burnout of Dutch police officers are assessed in terms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Finally, burnout is related to the use of force by police officers. Data were collected through participant observation during 122 patrol shifts and by a questionnaire distributed to police officers ( N = 358). Organizational hazards emerged as the most frequently stressful and demanding aspects of police work. Compared to other professions, police officers score relatively low on emotional exhaustion, relatively high on depersonalization, and average on personal accomplishment. Significant relationships were found between burnout of police officers and a positive attitude toward the use of force, the self-reported use of force, and the independently observed use of force. Implications for research, police management, and police training are discussed.

scholarly journals A Logística Reversa de Pneumáticos e suas Contribuições para Sustentabilidade Ambiental

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (35) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Fábio Barros Da Silva ◽  
Antonio Carlos Estender
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Participant ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
De Se ◽  
Return Process ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

A logística reversa é um assunto que está em evidência, pois as organizações e a sociedade sofrem com os grandes impactos ambientais. A aquisição e o consumo de bens vindos de qualquer parte do planeta se baseiam em um processo de extração de recursos naturais e consequente geração de resíduos. Nesse cenário é urgente pensar e discutir alternativas para soluções na logística reversa para meios mais sustentáveis nos processos de retorno e destinação dos pneus. E com base na temática abordada, este trabalho busca refletir como se pode analisar a logística reversa. Para atingir tais objetivos foram utilizados, estudo de caso, além de pesquisas qualitativas, observação participativa e análises bibliográficas e documentais. Com isso se percebeu que a Titan Pneus do Brasil pode gerenciar, da melhor forma possível, os impactos ambientais, econômicos e sociais relacionados aos seus processos, produtos e serviços. Todos os resíduos industriais gerados são controlados e destinados de forma a atender todas as legislações vigentes para a sustentabilidade ambiental. Em conclusão, a logística reversa praticada pela Titan vai muito além de uma estratégia de alavancar a imagem da mesma, tal prática está nitidamente expressa em seus valores e é usada como fator de mudança e conscientização ambiental do motivo de se ter uma logística reversa.Palavras chave: Logística Reversa. Pneumáticos. Sustentabilidade Ambiental.AbstractBackground: Reverse logistics is a matter that is in evidence, as organizations and society suffer from the major environmental impacts. The acquisition and consumption of goods coming from anywhere in the world is based on an extracting natural resources process and the consequent waste generation. In this scenario, it is urgent to think about and discuss alternatives to the reverse logistics solutions for more sustainable means in the tires return process and disposal. In addition, based on the selected theme, this paper seeks to reflect how to improve reverse logistics tires for environmental sustainability. To achieve these objectives, case study as well as qualitative research, participant observation and bibliographic and documentary analysis were used. With this it was realized that the Titan Brazil tires could manage as better as possible the environmental, economic and social impacts related to their processes, products and services. All industrial generated wastes are controlled and designed to meet all the current legislation for environmental sustainability. In conclusion Reverse logistics practiced by Titan, goes far beyond a strategy to leverage the image of it, the practice clearly expressed in its values and used as a factor of change and environmental awareness of why having a reverse logistics.Keywords: Reverse Logistics. Pneumatic. Environmental Sustainability.

Problems and Practice of Management on Menstruation by Adolescents Girls of Basic Schools of Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Sudha Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Community Schools ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Managing menstruation in a hygienic way is a challenge in most of the low and middle-income countries (LMIC) including Nepal, where normal and natural physiological process of menstruation is considered as girls’ problem which is viewed as sinful, unholy and matter of shame. This paper explores the current practice and existing difficulties that adolescents girls encounter hygienic management of menstruation (MHM) especially during school days. The study was conducted on five purposively selected community schools of Chitwan district. The study adopted Participatory Action Research (PAR) as an approach, that is encapsulated with mixed method research design. For qualitative information observation, focus group discussions (FGD) and field notes were used, whereas for quantitative data self-administrative questionnaires were used. Quantitative information was collected from 205 girls students who were present at schools on the day of data collection. The finding shows that majority of the girls (93.7%) who encounter hygienic management of menstruation were of 10-14 years old age, whereas nearly one third of them were (29%) from grade eight. Similarly, among the total 205 girls, only 79 girls have already started their menstruation; among those who have started menstruation majority (78%) had heard about menstruation form their mothers. Likewise, 35% girls used homemade cotton pads and 40.5% of them changed pad three times a day. During FGD, adolescents girls shared that lack of water and soap in toilets, stress and lack of concentration during menstruation are the major difficulties which they encounter during days of menstruation. They suggested the concerned authorities to manage pad bank, make soap and water available, and develop skills for proper disposing of used sanitary pads for MHM at schools. 

scholarly journals “I Didn’t Know What They Wanted From Me”–the Perspective of Individuals with Mental Disorders on Police Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Wittmann ◽  
Gunter Groen ◽  
Janusz Ogorka ◽  
Astrid Jörns-Presentati
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Police Encounters

AbstractEncounters between individuals with a mental disorder and police forces can be harmful and dangerous for both parties involved. Previous research explored mostly police officers’ subjective experience of these encounters and focused on their recommendations. The present study takes the perspective of individuals with a mental disorder and investigates their subjective experience of dealing with the police. Thirteen semi-structural interviews were conducted with individuals with a history of mental health problems who have had encounters with the police and experienced contact-based anti-stigmatization interventions as consultants. Interviews revolved around the subjective experience of these police encounters. Questionnaires were used to inquire about context factors, individuals’ perceptions of police officers, and their sense of security during these encounters. Furthermore, individuals were asked to rate police officers’ ability to recognize signs and symptoms of ill mental health and give recommendations in regard to adequate communication strategies, interventions, and police training. The results indicate that encounters were experienced predominantly as positive and non-threatening. Participants emphasized the importance of communication strategies with a focus on empathy and respect. Keeping personal space and satisfying basic needs was recommended. Contact-based anti-stigmatization interventions were regarded as an effective approach to reduce stigma. Empathy and respect are perceived as key strategies for police officers when dealing with individuals with a mental disorder. To promote these strategies, trialogical anti-stigmatization interventions and crisis intervention training, including communication skills and face-to-face contact, are promising approaches.

scholarly journals The Structure and Delivery of Police Use of Force Training: A German Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario S. Staller ◽  
Swen Koerner ◽  
Valentina Heil ◽  
Isabel Klemmer ◽  
Andrew Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Time On Task ◽  
Police Use Of Force ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Constructive Alignment ◽  
Action Capabilities

AbstractThe current study aims to investigate the current structure and delivery of police recruit training. Using a case study approach, we systematically observed a semester of police training that consisted of 30 h with a specific focus on police use of force training. Field notes and time-on-task data was analysed using an inductive approach. The results revealed, first, a lack of constructive alignment of the training modules and learning tasks within the training settings. Second, an adherence to traditional linear approaches to training resulting in high amounts of augmented instruction and feedback and a one-size-fits all approach to technical and tactical behaviour. Third, a non-efficient use of available training time with low amounts of engagement in representatively designed tasks that stimulated problem-solving processes. Based on these results we suggest that there is a need: (a) for police trainers and curriculum designers to align the objectives, practice structure and delivery of police training with the needs of police officers in the field (e.g. conflict resolution); (b) for police trainers to employ more learner-centred pedagogical approaches that account for individual action capabilities and resources, and allow for high amounts of training time with representatively designed training tasks; and (c) for senior managers of overall police training decision-makers to provide the necessary trainer education, in order to furnish trainers with the knowledge and tools to appropriately plan, deliver and reflect upon their practice in keeping with concept of constructive alignment.

scholarly journals Determinants of Long Immunization Clinic Wait Times in a Sub-Saharan African Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110282
Author(s):  
Osayame Austine Ekhaguere ◽  
Rosena Olubanke Oluwafemi ◽  
Angela Oyo-Ita ◽  
Burke Mamlin ◽  
Paul Bondich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Focus Group Data ◽  
Sub Saharan

The wait time clients spend during immunization clinic visits in low- and middle-income countries is a not well-understood reported barrier to vaccine completion. We used a prospective, observational design to document the total time from client arrival-to-discharge and all sequential provider-client activities in 1 urban, semi-urban, and rural immunization clinic in Nigeria. We also conducted caregiver and provider focus group discussions to identify perceived determinants of long clinic wait times. Our findings show that the time from arrival-to-discharge varied significantly by the clinic and ranged between 57 and 235 minutes, as did arrival-to-all providers-client activities. Focus group data attributed workflow delays to clinic staff waiting for a critical mass of clients to arrive for their immunization appointment before starting the essential health education talk or opening specific vaccine vials. Additionally, respondents indicated that complex documentation processes caused system delays. Research on clinic workflow transformation and simplification of immunization documentation is needed.

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