Challenges of Psychological Therapy Work With Autistic Adult

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Ewa Dobiala ◽  
Renata Stefańska-Klar ◽  
Aleksandra Rumińska ◽  
Paulina Golaska-Ciesielska ◽  
Maciej Duras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Psychological Therapy ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Developmental Pattern ◽  
Therapeutic Work ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Autistic Adults

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as a neurodiverse developmental pattern, affects between one and two individuals in every 100 people. Autistic individuals experience different challenges in every decade of their lives. The difficulties in sensorimotor functioning, emotional codes, communication and cognition, albeit causing emotional distress, form a basis for developing a unique culture. Knowledge, understanding, respect and openness to neurodiversity are the fundamental prerequisites for Transcultural and Positive Psychotherapists and any professional who intends to deliver psychological therapy to autistic individuals. In this paper, we discuss the medical, psychological and sociocultural aspects of the autistic spectrum and present the basic goals of therapeutic work with autistic adults.

Mental health correlates and potential childhood predictors for the wish to be of the opposite sex in young autistic adults

Autism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136236132110240
Author(s):  
Jung-Chi Chang ◽  
Meng-Chuan Lai ◽  
Yueh-Ming Tai ◽  
Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Item Endorsement ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Autistic Adults

Cross-sectional research has demonstrated the overrepresentation of gender dysphoria in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder. However, the predictors and underlying mechanisms of this co-occurrence remain unclear. This follow-up study aimed to explore baseline (childhood/adolescence) predictors for the follow-up (adulthood) self-reported wish to be of the opposite sex and to investigate its mental health correlates in a sample of 88 autistic individuals as compared with 42 typically developing controls. An item on the Adult Self-Report Inventory-4, “I wish I was the opposite sex,” was used. We compared mental health symptoms between adults with and without this item endorsement. We used prediction models to explore family and autism-related predictors in childhood/adolescence to endorse this item in adulthood. There were more adults endorsing the item in the autism spectrum disorder group compared with the typically developing group. Autistic adults who endorsed the item experienced more mental health challenges, more bullying victimization, more suicidal ideations, and worse quality of life. Lower parent-reported family support and more stereotyped/repetitive behaviors during childhood/adolescence predicted the self-reported wish to be of the opposite sex in adulthood in autistic individuals. It is necessary to raise more attention to gender development and related mental health impact in autistic individuals. Lay abstract Autistic people/people with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to experience gender dysphoria. However, the possible longitudinal predictors and underlying mechanisms of this co-occurrence are unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, we assessed 88 people with autism spectrum disorder and 42 typically developing individuals at their average ages of 13.0 (baseline, childhood/adolescence) and 20.2 years old (follow-up, adulthood). At follow-up, their endorsement on the item “I wish I was the opposite sex” was used to evaluate gender dysphoric symptoms. We compared mental health symptoms between adults with and without this item endorsement at the follow-up assessment. We explored parent-reported family and autism characteristics-related predictors in childhood/adolescence to this item endorsement in adulthood. We found that more autistic adults reported the wish to be of the opposite sex than did typically developing individuals. Autistic adults who endorsed this item experienced more mental health challenges, more school bullying and cyberbullying, more suicidal ideation, and worse quality of life. Moreover, parent-reported lower family support and more stereotyped/repetitive behaviors during childhood/adolescence predicted the self-reported wish to be of the opposite sex in adulthood in autistic individuals. More attention and support should be provided to autistic people regarding gender development and related mental health and quality of life impact, especially during the transition period to young adulthood.

scholarly journals Little is known about cannabidiol for improving severe behavioral symptoms of autistic spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerteshwrya Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

A clinical decision report appraising Barchel D, Stolar O, De-Haan T, et al. Oral cannabidiol use in children with autism spectrum disorder to treat related symptoms and co-morbidities. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2019;9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01521

scholarly journals Unusual developmental pattern of brain lateralization in young boys with autism spectrum disorder: Power analysis with child-sized magnetoencephalography

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi Hiraishi ◽  
Mitsuru Kikuchi ◽  
Yuko Yoshimura ◽  
Sachiko Kitagawa ◽  
Chiaki Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Developmental Pattern ◽  
Brain Lateralization

scholarly journals Ensinar pelas séries: Atipycal e a problemática do transtorno do espectro do autismo (tea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Rocha da silva Solange Rocha da silva ◽  
Giuslane Francisca da Silva Silva
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Family Engagement ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Slight Degree ◽  
The Public

Pensar como o seriado Atipycal pode ser utilizado como um recurso pedagógico, é o objetivo desse artigo. Para tanto, exploramos alguns aspectos das três temporadas de Atipycal, seriado produzido pela Netflix. Atipycal aborda de uma forma descontraída as dificuldades e desafios enfrentados por Sam, um adolescente dentro do espectro autista, em grau leve. Ao problematizar as relações familiares e as dificuldades encontradas pela família Gardner para lidar com Sam, a série também evidencia a importância do engajamento da família para o desenvolvimento de uma pessoa dentro do espectro. Dessa forma, o seriado é um importante mecanismo que possibilita ao público conhecer e refletir sobre as condições de vida e a inclusão escolar e social de uma pessoa autista. Assim, a série pode ser utilizada como um recurso pedagógico em sala de aula, pois, Atypical nos possibilita refletir sobre como a escola tem lidado com as diferenças. Palavras-chave: Seriado; TEA; Dimensão educativa.   Teaching trought series: Atipycal and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Abstract: Reflecting on how the TV serie Atipycal can be used as a pedagogical resource is the goal of this paper. Therefore, we explore some aspects of the three seasons of the TV serie Atipycal, produced by Netflix. Atipycal explores, in a humorous way, the difficulties and challenges faced by Sam, a teenager within the autistic spectrum, in a slight degree. By problematizing family relationships and the difficulties encountered by the Gardner family in dealing with Sam, the TV serie also highlights the importance of family engagement for the development of a person within the spectrum. Consequently, the show is an important mechanism that enables the public to know and reflect on the living conditions and the school and social inclusion of an autistic person. This means that, the Tv serie can be used as a pedagogical resource in the classroom, because Atypical enables us to reflect on how the school has dealt with differences. Keywords: TV Serie; ASD; Educational dimension. 

Machine Learning Techniques for Analysing and Identifying Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bhola ◽  
Rubal Jeet ◽  
Malik Mustafa Mohammad Jawarneh ◽  
Shadab Adam Pattekari
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Behavioural Condition

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuro disorder in which a person's contact and connection with others has a lifetime impact. In all levels of development, autism can be diagnosed as a “behavioural condition,” since signs generally occur within the first two years of life. The ASD problem begins with puberty and goes on in adolescence and adulthood. In this chapter, an effort is being made to use the supporting vector machine (SVM) and the convolutionary neural network (CNN) for prediction and interpretation of children's ASD problems based on the increased use of machine learning methodology in the research dimension of medical diagnostics. On freely accessible autistic spectrum disorder screening dates in children's datasets, the suggested approaches are tested. Using different techniques of machine learning, the findings clearly conclude that CNN-based prediction models perform more precisely on the dataset for autistic spectrum disorders.

Saccadic eye movements in adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Zalla ◽  
Magali Seassau ◽  
Fabienne Cazalis ◽  
Doriane Gras ◽  
Marion Leboyer
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

In this study, we examined the accuracy and dynamics of visually guided saccades in 20 adults with autism spectrum disorder, as compared to 20 typically developed adults using the Step/Overlap/Gap paradigms. Performances in participants with autistic spectrum disorder were characterized by preserved Gap/Overlap effect, but reduced gain and peak velocity, as well as a greater trial-to-trial variability in task performance, as compared to the control group. While visual orienting and attentional engagement were relatively preserved in individuals with autistic spectrum disorder, overall these findings provide evidence that abnormal oculomotor behavior in autistic spectrum disorder reflects an altered sensorimotor control due to cerebellar abnormalities, rather than a deficit in the volitional control of eye movements. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence implicating this structure in the physiopathology of autism.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQP-28): Evidence from Iranian Non-clinical Sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ashouri ◽  
Ali Asgharzade ◽  
Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Morteza Ghojazadeh ◽  
Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Persian Version

Abstract Background: Recent evidence suggests that the autism spectrum is widespread among the general population. research has dimensionally moved towards the development of measurement tools with the introduction of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods: The short-form of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQ-28) developed by Hoekstra et al is a valuable and friendly alternative to the full 50-item version of autism spectrum disorder (AQ-50) consider as a widely used tool for screening and epidemiological studies of autistic traits. The present study aimed at investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the short-form of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQP-28) in the Iranian population. A total of 560 individuals participated in this study and they were asked to fill out The Persian version of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQ-28). Results: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported two higher-order factors models including ‘social behavior’ and numbers/patterns. Furthermore internal consistency of AQ-28-Persian indicate acceptable for social behavioral (α= .78), questionable for numbers/patterns (α= .65) and total (α= .62). Conclusions: in summary, the AQ-28-Persian is a useful tool to assess social behavior parts of the autistic spectrum quotient.

scholarly journals Cerebral [18F]-FDOPA Uptake in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Association with Autistic Traits

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2404
Author(s):  
Rik Schalbroeck ◽  
Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei ◽  
Jean-Paul Selten ◽  
Maqsood Yaqub ◽  
Anouk Schrantee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Dopamine Synthesis ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Autistic Adults

Dopaminergic signaling is believed to be related to autistic traits. We conducted an exploratory 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]-FDOPA PET/CT) study, to examine cerebral [18F]-FDOPA influx constant (kicer min−1), reflecting predominantly striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and a mixed monoaminergic innervation in extrastriatal neurons, in 44 adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 22 controls, aged 18 to 30 years. Autistic traits were assessed with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Region-of-interest and voxel-based analyses showed no statistically significant differences in kicer between autistic adults and controls. In autistic adults, striatal kicer was significantly, negatively associated with AQ attention to detail subscale scores, although Bayesian analyses did not support this finding. In conclusion, among autistic adults, specific autistic traits can be associated with reduced striatal dopamine synthesis capacity. However, replication of this finding is necessary.

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