scholarly journals Tolosa-Hunt: Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lília Tereza Diniz Nunes ◽  
Flávia S. Silva ◽  
Karyme G. Aota ◽  
Maria Beatriz Miranda S. B. de Assis ◽  
João Fellipe B. Bento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Diagnosis By Exclusion ◽  
History Of

Context: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (STH) is a rare condition with unknown etiology, it affects both genders equally. It is manifested by inflammation of the cavernous sinus and involvement of some cranial nerves pairs. Case report: MSR, 39 years, male, diver in the mining zone, history of recurrent otitis with acute pain and gradual hearing loss that progressed. He was admitted to the General Hospital of Palmas with symptoms of retrorbital headache. After physical exams it was found an ophthalmoplegia with right amaurosis and ipsilateral pain. The neurological examination showed a right eye with loss of photomotor reflex and presence of consensual reflex and eyelid ptosis. After 38 days in hospital, a probable septic thrombosis of the cavernous sinus was found, antibiotic and corticosteroids therapy was initiated. The patient also reports significant improvement in headache and partially in vision, he is currently hospitalized with clinical care and antibiotic therapy, awaiting results of the image examination report. Conclusions: Painful ophthalmoplegia in most cases is not diagnosed as STH. The differential diagnosis for this pathology is most often through brain magnetic ressonance and the ICHD-3 beta diagnostic criteria, STH should be suspected, but it is still necessary to close the diagnosis by exclusion, due to the lack of a specific diagnosis.

scholarly journals Erythromelanosis Follicularis Faciei et Colli: A Case Report in a Caucasian Male and Brief Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Carl Maximilian Thielmann ◽  
Wiebke Sondermann
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Family History ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Caucasian Male

Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli, a rare condition of unknown etiology, was first described by Kitamura et al. from Japan in 1960. It is characterized by a triad consisting of well-demarcated erythema, hyperpigmentation, and follicular papules. We report the case of a 50-year-old Caucasian male, who had asymptomatic symmetrical facial lesions since the age of 42. His family history was unremarkable. Published erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli cases of the last 10 years are summarized in this report to demonstrate the variability and differences in the clinical presentation of this uncommon diagnosis.

scholarly journals Bilateral Congenital Humeroradial Synostostis Presenting with Bilateral Proximal Radius Fractures: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Elsiddig E. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Proximal Radius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncommon Condition

Congenital bilateral humeroradial synostosis (HRS) is a rare condition. It is generally divided into 2 categories. In the first group, which is mainly sporadic, additional upper limb hypoplasia typically coexists. In the second group, which is classically familial, HRS is commonly an isolated upper extremity anomaly. HRS can lead to variable degrees of functional disability. The clinical case reported here illustrates a possibly avoidable presentation of this uncommon condition. In this case report, we present a 6-week-old male who presented with bilateral radius fractures. Radiography revealed congenital HRS at both elbows. No other associated congenital abnormalities were detected, and there was no family history of similar conditions in any first-degree relatives. In cases of congenital HRS, movement at the elbow joint is not possible. Parents who are unaware of this information might try to straighten their infant’s elbows, which in turn may result in fractures of the proximal radius. Hence, early diagnosis and proper parental education could prevent fractures as a sequela of HRS.

scholarly journals Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis due to Pneumococcal Meningitis in A 6 Months Infant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kauan Alves Sousa Madruga ◽  
Luiz Fernando Melo Lima ◽  
Pedro Victor Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Vitória Bittencourt de Carvalho ◽  
Bruna Da Cruz Beyruth Borges
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Infection Focus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Clinical Thinking

Context: Septic Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis (CST) is a rare and potentially lethal illness that clinicians still occasionally see. We describe the evolution of a 6 months old infant patient who had a history of delayed vaccination and acquired a Pneumococcal Meningitis, leading to septic CTS. Case report: The patient was admitted with the complaint of constant crying and vomiting. The physical exam noticed: bulging of the bregmatic fontanelle, Glasgow Coma Score = 11, and bad general state. The clinical picture had begun one week before the hospitalization, but the fever had started just three days before. The vaccine neglection plus some pathological signs of meningeal infection guided the clinical thinking to meningitis, later confirmed by the lumbar puncture. Some days later, the patient presented paralysis of the third pair of cranial nerves, conducing to the inability to open the eyes, mydriatic non-photo reagent pupils, and bilateral swelling. A magnetic resonance confirmed thrombosis of traverse sinus along with the transition to the sigmoid one. Bilateral ptosis and exotropia were noticed. Antibiotic therapy resulted in progressive eye-opening and recurrence of photo reagent reflexes. The prognosis was great, pointed by the normotension and normal amplitude of the bregmatic fontanelle. Conclusion: The elimination of the meningeal infection focus was extremely important, since the pathophysiology of CST came from phlebitis of the cavernous sinuses, with consequent thrombus formation from the endothelial lesion. In addition, it is worth mentioning the omission of vaccination, which was concessive to the case.

Rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm: case report and review of contemporary literature

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 026765912096691
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Duval ◽  
Richard AE Ramsingh ◽  
Natasha C Rahaman ◽  
Risshi D Rampersad ◽  
Gianni D Angelini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Aneurysm Rupture ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva Aneurysm ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm rupture is a rare condition with a great potential for morbidity and mortality if not promptly diagnosed and managed. We present an unusual non-infected sinus of Valsalva aneurysm rupture in a 47-year-old female. This case report, a likely presentation of a late congenital heart defect, highlights the need for a high index of suspicion in a patient with atypical history of congestive cardiac failure.

scholarly journals Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Skull Base—Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 051-055
Author(s):  
Arnon Alves Filho ◽  
Adans Porfírio ◽  
Washington Ribeiro ◽  
Daniel Fonseca ◽  
Moana Malta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Pubmed Database

Introduction Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are pseudotumoral bone lesions of unknown etiology that are also hypervascularized, benign, and locally destructive. They are rare in the base of the skull. The present case report describes a case of aneurysmal bone cyst in the sella turcica. Case Report The present study was developed at the department of neurosurgery of the Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes of the Universidade Federal de Alagoas (HUPAA-AL, in the Portuguese acronym), Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil, and is accompanied by a review of the literature from the PubMed database. A 17-year-old female patient with bitemporal hemianopia and intense left hemicranial headache associated with symptoms from the cranial nerves contained in the cavernous sinus. Neuroimaging evidenced a large lesion in the suprasellar region with calcification foci, sellar erosion, and extension to the cavernous sinus. The patient was submitted to a partial lesion resection and the histopathological analysis showed an aneurysmal bone cyst. Conclusion A rare case of intracranial aneurysmal bone cyst, with the important differential diagnosis from pituitary adenoma.

scholarly journals Ophthalmoplegia and cranial nerve deficits in an adolescent with headache

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110244
Author(s):  
Margarita M Corredor ◽  
Peter J Holmberg
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Cranial Nerve Involvement ◽  
Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Nerve Involvement ◽  
Orbital Pain

Tolosa–Hunt syndrome is an idiopathic, inflammatory condition involving the cavernous sinus and is characterized by unilateral, painful ophthalmoparesis. The condition often begins with retro-orbital pain followed by select cranial nerve involvement. We report the case of a 17-year-old female whose presentation with progressive left-sided headache and ophthalmoparesis culminated in the diagnosis of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome. While many of her signs and symptoms have been previously reported in the rare pediatric cases of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome described in the literature, this case illustrates a unique presentation involving cranial nerves V and VII in addition to the more commonly reported cranial nerve III, IV, and VI palsies.

scholarly journals Non allergic simple eosinophilic pneumonia: Löffler syndrome: A case report study

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 643-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Meta-Jevtovic ◽  
Miroslav Tomovic ◽  
Slavica Mojsilovic ◽  
Marina Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
History Of

Introduction L?ffler syndrome is an acute, pneumonia of unknown etiology. This disease is not often associated with bronchial asthma. In its asymptomatic form, this disease is reversible, transient, self-limited with no requests for specific therapy regimen. In the symptomatic form, as well as during its progression, treatment with steroids is very effective. Furthermore, in both acute eosinophilic and idiopathic chronic eosinophilic form, this kind of therapy ensures survival. Case report The case of a 53-year-old Caucasian woman was presented with 2-month history of low grade fever, shortness of breath, cough and reduced exercise tolerance. Although she had an allergic accident on insects in history, non allergy reactions as well as an obstructive disease with that kind of origin were not detected on admission. The diagnosis of simple eosinophilic pneumonia (SEP) (L?ffler's syndrome) was confirmed by transbronchial biopsy and by sternal testing. The peripheral blood eosinophilia with pulmonary eosinophilic infiltrates on X ray chest radiography were observed during clinical examination. Biopsy specimen of the lung parenchym showed changes associated with L?ffler's syndrome. The diagnosis was, also, confirmed according to the radiographic findings of unilateral migratory infiltrates consistent pneumonia. Discussion Churg Strauss syndrome (CSS) has to be considered in this differential diagnosis. Frequently, this disease has extrinsic bronchial asthma with eosinophilic pneumonia in history; asthma is often associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. In the reported case, treatment with steroids resulted in a marked clinical improvement compared to nonsteroid therapy.

scholarly journals The importance of histopathology in the diagnosis of isolated renal sarcoidosis: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
João Onofre Trindade Filho ◽  
Kaline Daniele de Souza Amaro ◽  
Allana Desirée Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
Cecília Neta Alves Pegado Gomes ◽  
Hermann Ferreira Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Renal Manifestation ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACT Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in several organs; renal impairment alone is a rare condition. When it affects the kidneys, the most prevalent manifestations are hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. This paper aims to address the topic of renal sarcoidosis, by means of a case report, and reinstate the importance of histopathology in its diagnosis. Methods: The data came from an observational clinical study with a qualitative approach, through an interview with the renal sarcoidosis patient and data from her medical records. Case report: Patient D.M.S., 50 years old, Caucasian, presented with reddish eyes and body pains lasting for fifteen days as first manifestations of the disease. Upon kidney ultrasound scan, we found renal parenchymal nephropathy. Serial renal function and metabolic tests reported anemia and progressive urea and creatinine changes, as well as hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria, confirming acute kidney failure (AKF). A histopathological examination suggested the diagnosis, which was confirmed by clinical, laboratory and histopathological data. There was therapeutic resolution after steroid therapy. Discussion: The symptomatology of sarcoidosis is diverse and often non-specific. Renal manifestation, which usually occurs after organ involvement, is present in less than 5% of patients, and about 1% to 2% of these patients may develop AKF. Conclusions: The use of histopathology together with clinical and laboratory data to diagnose isolated renal sarcoidosis, rule out other etiologies and introduce early treatment is of paramount importance.

Probable Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with a normal MRI

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdelghany ◽  
Daniel Orozco ◽  
William Fink ◽  
Christopher Begley
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Unilateral Headache ◽  
Mild Improvement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background We are reporting a rare case of a 60-year-old woman with a past history of end-stage renal disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma who presented to our hospital with confusion, unilateral headache, painful ophthalmoplegia and ptosis. The patient was diagnosed clinically with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS). Results THS is a diagnosis of exclusion. Other diseases were ruled out. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbit was negative twice within a week. The patient was treated with corticosteroids with marked improvement of the orbital pain and headache and mild improvement of the cranial nerves palsy. Conclusion Clinical diagnosis of THS could be supported by radiological findings. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-3 beta diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis must be confirmed with an abnormal MRI and/or pathological sample. We add to the previous findings of THS with a normal MRI. Although MRI plays a crucial role in differential diagnosis, it should not, nor should the biopsy, be a must for the diagnosis. Limitations of using MRI in some patients are another problem.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Dilemma of Sarcoidosis: A Case Report Masquerading as Tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Shaymal Sarkar ◽  
Md Daharul Islam ◽  
Marwa Kashem Muna ◽  
SM Tajdit Rahman ◽  
Md Azizul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Multisystem Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
Normal Architecture

Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystem disorder of unknown etiology characterized by formation of granulomata within affected organs and consequent distortion of their normal architecture. Typically, these are non-caseating epithelioid granulomata involving organized collections of activated macrophages and T lymphocytes. In countries where tuberculosis is endemic, sarcoidosis is often misdiagnosed and mistreated as tuberculosis. We present case report of a 47-year-old female who presented with 2 years history of recurrent, multiple nodules with occasional joint pain & fever and had received anti-tubercular therapy without any improvement. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis is made finally and she was managed accordingly.Bangladesh J Medicine Jan 2017; 28(1) : 50-52

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