scholarly journals Open for Competition: Domesticates, Parasitic Domesticoids and the Agricultural Niche

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorian Q. Fuller ◽  
Chris J Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Niche Construction ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Near East ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Old World ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Grain Stores ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship of weeds and crop parasites in the domestication of crop-plants within the Old World, drawing predominately on China and the Near East. This relationship is explored using the concept of niche construction in which the act of cultivation sets about chains of feedback in which the ecological worlds of plants and humans became increasingly intertwined resulting in ever increasing spheres of interdependence. Into this domestication entanglement a number of peripheral organisms (termed parasitic domesticoids) were drawn, from the weeds which came to inhabit arable fields, to the insect pests and rodents that came to settle in the grain stores of the first farmers. The evolution and spread of these organisms is then outlined against that of the crop itself.

Palestine at the UN: The PLO and UNRWA in the 1970s

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Irfan
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Near East ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Palestine Liberation Organization ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Palestinian Refugee ◽  
International Issue ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) during the 1970s, the period when the PLO reached the zenith of its power in Palestinian refugee camps throughout the Levant. Based on archival United Nations (UN) and UNRWA documents, as well as the PLO's own communications and publications, the article argues that the organization approached its relationship with UNRWA as part of a broader strategy to gain international legitimacy at the UN. That approach resulted in a complex set of tensions, specifically over which of the two institutions truly served and represented Palestinian refugees. In exploring these tensions, this article also demonstrates how the “question of Palestine” was in many ways an international issue.

XVII.—The Ballad and the Dance

PMLA ◽  
1919 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-400
Author(s):  
Louise Pound
Keyword(s):  
Dance Music ◽  
Poetic Form ◽  
Old World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Popular Ballads

It is the purpose of the following paper to examine the relationship of the mediæval ballad to the dance, in origin and in traditional usage. Particular reference is had to the English and Scottish ballad type. In various preceding papers I have considered the theory currently accepted in America of the inseparableness of primitive dance, music, and song and have shown that primitive song is not narrative in character. I have also questioned the assumption that the ballad is the archetypal poetic form—this position should be assigned to the song, not the ballad—and the assumption of “communal” as against individual authorship for the English and Scottish popular ballads. The present paper examines the relation to the dance of the English and Scottish ballads. The view is widely accepted both in the Old World and in America that this, and similar ballad types, originated in the dance. The following paper canvasses the evidence for this view and makes inquiry as to its validity.

Statistical appendix

1962 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Iterative Calculation ◽  
Least Squares Fit ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Bleasdale & Nelder (1960) refer to several models which have been used in studying the relationship of yield and density in crop plants and indicate that they regard as most satisfactory the equation:where ω = yield/plant, ρ = number of plants/unit area and A and B are constants. The estimation of the constants for any given case is a very unattractive arithmetic exercise requiring a fairly large number of observations and a tedious iterative calculation; Nelder (1961) has discussed the least squares fit with the equation in the formwhich may readily be derived from (1) by the substitutionsThe data in the present case do not justify attempting this process but some progress can be made by the substitutionsby means of which it is easy to derive from (1) that

Deuteronomy 28 and the Aramaic Curse Tradition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Quick
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Near East ◽  
Early History ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study considers the relationship of Deuteronomy 28 to the curse traditions of the ancient Near East. It focuses on the linguistic and cultural means of the transmission of these traditions to the book of Deuteronomy. The author considers a broad range of materials, including Old Aramaic inscriptions, attempting to show the value of these Northwest Semitic texts as primary sources to reorient our view of an ancient world usually seen through a biblical or Mesopotamian lens. By studying these inscriptions alongside the biblical text, this study aims to increase our knowledge of the early history and function of the curses in Deuteronomy 28. This has implications for our understanding of the date of the composition of the book of Deuteronomy, and the reasons behind its production. The ritual realm which stands behind the use of curses and the formation of covenants in the biblical world is also explored, arguing that the interplay between orality and literacy is essential to understanding the function and form of the curses in Deuteronomy. Ultimately, this book contributes to our understanding of the book of Deuteronomy and its place within the literary history of ancient Israel and Judah, with implications for the composition of the Pentateuch or Torah as a whole.

scholarly journals As serpentes vindas do Médio Oriente nos Textos das Pirâmides. Reflexão sobre as relações egípcias-orientais nos textos religiosos mais antigos

2020 ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
Joanna Popielska-Grzybowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Complete Work ◽  
Pyramid Texts ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Means

The Pyramid Texts created in Ancient Egypt and contextualised by the belief in life beyond death, were intended to accompany the deceased in their journey to the Hereafter, to protect and ensure the realisation of their needs there. The oldest religious texts demonstrate positive aspects, delight and lust for life and, due to the fact that they were composed in order to assist the pharaoh on his way to the sky and the true existence of the king in the Beyond, could never be questioned or endangered. However, despite everything evoked here, there are attestations of inimical forces, or perils, which are to be fought off. Emphasis will be placed on the question of how the “serpent spells” and use of language in them manifest the relationship of the pharaoh and the Egyptians with the inhabitants of the Near East. The ideas of the presumed origin of the formulae and the link with the creator Atum in the texts under discussion is also presented. One can trace the quiddity of the world as a complete work of the ancient Egyptian creator. Therefore, the author of the paper aims to scrutinise, with reference to contextual arguments, the language of the diagnostic “serpent spells” of the Pyramid Texts, namely the grammar, choice of vocabulary, phraseology, possible onomatopoeic effects, to elucidate linguistic means of expression used in the Pyramid Texts. The methodology of the linguistic worldview is used.

Thomas Arnold and the Mirror of History

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
A. Dwight Culler
Keyword(s):  
Victorian Literature ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Anglican Church ◽  
Old World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

One of the most dramatic moments in Victorian literature is that in the Apologia pro Vita Sua in which Newman first expresses doubt about the tenablehess of his position in the Anglican Church. It was die summer of 1839 and he was proposing to spend die time quietly, reading in his favorite subject, die history of the early church. As he began to go more deeply into the matter, however, he became uneasy, and by the end of August he was seriously alarmed. “My stronghold,” he says, “was Antiquity; now here, in the middle of die fifth century, I found, as it seemed to me, Christendom of die sixteenth and die nineteenth centuries reflected. I saw my face in that mirror, and I was a monophysite.” It is true, the impact of this passage is somewhat diminished for the modern reader by his uncertainty what a Monophysite is. Even after he has done his researches and learned that a Monophysite is one who believed in the one, not the two, natures of Christ, he is little better off, for Newman was not concerned widi the doctrinal question. He was concerned with the relationship of the parties one to anodier and with the fact that, if an extreme version of a position was heretical, then a moderate version of that position was heretical too. “It was difficult,” he wrote, “to make out how the Eutychians or Monophysites were heretics, unless Protestants and Anglicans were heretics also; … There was an awful similitude, more awful, because so silent and unimpassioned, between die dead records of die past and the feverish chronicle of the present. The shadow of the fifth century was on the sixteenth. It was like a spirit rising from the troubled waters of the old world, with die shape and lineaments of the new.”

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