Palestine at the UN: The PLO and UNRWA in the 1970s

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Irfan
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Near East ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Palestine Liberation Organization ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Palestinian Refugee ◽  
International Issue ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) during the 1970s, the period when the PLO reached the zenith of its power in Palestinian refugee camps throughout the Levant. Based on archival United Nations (UN) and UNRWA documents, as well as the PLO's own communications and publications, the article argues that the organization approached its relationship with UNRWA as part of a broader strategy to gain international legitimacy at the UN. That approach resulted in a complex set of tensions, specifically over which of the two institutions truly served and represented Palestinian refugees. In exploring these tensions, this article also demonstrates how the “question of Palestine” was in many ways an international issue.

The Emerging Alliance of Religion and Ecology

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Evelyn Tucker
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Religion And Ecology ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe role of the world's religions may be crucial in rethinking the relationship of humans to the natural world in a mutually enhancing manner. I first acknowledge, although briefly, the scale and complexity of the environmental crisis. Next, I suggest the need for seeking common grounds to work toward a resolution of the crisis. Then I highlight the call for the co-operation and action of the world's religions from particular sectors such as environmental groups, the United Nations, political leaders, scientists, and ethicists. Finally, I document some of the responses and the resources of the world's religions in evoking new attitudes toward nature.

Part Three Protection and Solutions, VIII The Quest for Durable Solutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albanese Francesca P ◽  
Takkenberg Lex
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United Nations ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Peace Initiatives ◽  
Bilateral Approach ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Palestinian Refugee ◽  
The United Nations

This concluding chapter focuses on the quest for just and durable solutions, exploring the challenges and opportunities that have emerged through the various attempts at resolving the Palestinian refugee question. Solutions for Palestinian refugees have been sought since May of 1948. The work of the General Assembly; the UN Mediator for Palestine; the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP); the Security Council in the aftermath of the Six Day War; the various peace initiatives and negotiations since the Madrid peace conference in 1991, have all included attempts to find solutions to the plight of the refugees. However, decades of Arab–Israel and Israeli–Palestinian peace efforts have not succeeded in bringing a resolution of the Palestinian refugee issue within reach. The chapter argues that a fundamental paradigm shift is necessary to advance solutions for Palestinian refugees. Moving the question from the essentially bilateral approach of the last decades back to the multilateral arena of the United Nations; ensuring respect for the international law governing the resolution of refugee problems, as informed by international practice; and moving beyond the ‘politics of suffering’ that dominate the Palestinian refugee discourse are key elements to progress towards just and durable solutions for Palestinian refugees. The New York Declaration on Refugees and Migrants, which called for the development of a Global Compact on Refugees, offers an opportunity to pursue solutions for Palestinian refugees.

International Telecommunications Union

1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-365
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Atlantic City ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
International Telecommunications ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
General Secretariat ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Second Session of the Administrative Council: The second session of the Administrative Council of the International Telecommunications Union met in Geneva from January 20 to February 11, 1948 in accordance with a resolution adopted at the Council's first session at Atlantic City in September 1947. Chairman of the second session was Francis Colt de Wolf (United States) who was elected as interim chairman in place of Mr. Fortouchenko (USSR) who could not attend the meeting because of illness. Despite considerable initial difficulty the Council adopted approximately 35 resolutions, decisions, or opinions. Its most important administrative and financial decisions had to do with: 1) the budget of three million Swiss francs which had been set at Atlantic City and was approved by this session; 2) the transfer of the general secretariat of the Union from Beme to Geneva which, because of financial difficulties, was deferred until January 1, 1949; 3) the decision to transfer the secretariat and laboratories of the International Telephone Consultative Committee (CCIF) to Geneva as the expense of moving could be met by the CCIF itself. In addition the Council heard the reports of its various commissions and considered the relationship of ITU to other international organizations and conferences. The lack of coordination between the secretariats of ITU and the United Nations was noted, and the Union's Secretary-General directed to bring the matter to the attention of the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

scholarly journals Facing Socio-Economic Decline: Delivering Health to Palestinian Refugees

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Sabatinelli ◽  
Stefania Pace-Shanklin ◽  
Flavia Riccardo ◽  
Ali Khader
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Near East ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
The United Nations

Despite security problems, population growth, increase in the price of goods and the Agency’s financial limitations, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) provides quality health care to 4 million Palestine refugees.

Part V The Scope of Refugee Protection, Ch.35 UNRWA and Palestine Refugees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Susan M
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Near East ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Humanitarian Relief ◽  
The West ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter studies the relationship between Palestinian refugees and the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). UNRWA’s role is to provide humanitarian ‘relief’ and to provide economic opportunities—‘works’—for refugees in the areas of major displacement: the West Bank, Gaza, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon. Initially, the definition of Palestine refugee for UNRWA’s purposes was a sub-category of the United Nations Conciliation Commission on Palestine definition for purposes of relief provision, but it also included other categories of persons displaced from later conflicts. Following the passage of the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, the General Assembly authorized UNHCR to include stateless persons within its mandate. The Arab host States do not recognize Palestinians as falling under the international legal definitions of ‘refugees’ or ‘stateless persons’, however, and have refused to accept any UNHCR involvement vis-à-vis Palestinians in the UNRWA areas. The effect of these provisions is that Palestinians are excluded from UNHCR’s protection mandate in UNRWA areas, and since UNRWA has no durable solutions mandate, Palestinians have no access to durable solutions either as refugees or as stateless persons in UNRWA fields.

2 The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Churchill Robin R
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Customary International Law ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Law ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) is the most important source of the international law of the sea. This chapter discusses the history and legal characteristics of the LOSC. It explains how the LOSC came into being; gives a brief overview of its provisions and considers their varying legal nature; explains which entities may and have become parties to the LOSC and considers the extent to which they are permitted to make reservations and declarations; outlines the relationship of the LOSC to other treaties and customary international law; explores the mechanisms for seeking to ensure compliance with the LOSC by its States parties; and finally discusses how the LOSC is kept under review and developed.

Sovereignty as Normative Decoy in the R2P Challenge to the Charter of the United Nations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley V. Scott ◽  
Roberta C. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Real World ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Cognitive Structures ◽  
Potential Victim ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Normative Development ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Responsibility to Protect (R2P), touted in 2009 as ‘the most dramatic normative development of our time’, is highly contentious, having generated a scholarly literature far greater than its real-world impact would seem to warrant. This may well be because of its potential to challenge and displace core existing norms, the most widely cited of which is sovereignty. This paper draws on the theory of Cognitive Structures of Cooperation (csc Theory) to identify the relationship of R2P to existing normative structures, including the Charter of the United Nations, with a view to assessing the depth of the challenge posed and the potential consequences if the emergent norm were to be fully embraced. The analysis concludes that, rather than representing the object and potential victim of the R2P assault, sovereignty is better understood as having represented a decoy in this process of normative contestation.

Part One Historical and Legal Foundations, II Palestinian Refugees: A Distinctive Normative and Institutional Regime

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albanese Francesca P ◽  
Takkenberg Lex
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The World ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Durable Solutions ◽  
Palestinian Refugee ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Set Up

This chapter examines the foundation of Palestinian refugees’ status in international law, as well as the characteristics of their distinctive institutional and normative regime compared to other refugees around the world. This distinctiveness stems from special arrangements the United Nations (UN) has made for them. This includes ad hoc UN agencies mandated to protect and assist Palestinian refugees, namely the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine (UNCCP) and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) as well as, under certain circumstances, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The chapter then considers both the genesis and meaning of Article 1D of the 1951 Refugee Convention, the provision specifically included with the Palestinian refugees in mind, including its recent interpretation and application, and various defintions of Palestine/Palestinian refugee offered for various purposes (i.e. assistance and relief, protection and durable solutions). It shows how the special arrangements for this group of refugees, put in place due to the circumstances of their displacement, were meant to ensure continuity of protection and how, the lack of durable solutions has made the arrangements set up for them, inclreasingly looking as an anomaly.

Craving care in refugee camps

2021 ◽  
pp. 204382062110202
Author(s):  
Aqeel Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Somali Women ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Relationship

Engaging refugees in development projects by the United Nations, or any other international aid organisation, should not be an elitist practice that presumes a hierarchy that places the organisation at the top and refugees at the bottom. For both ethical and pragmatic reasons, such projects and initiatives should take into consideration culture, religion, geography, politics, and social aspects when planning and delivering their services, otherwise their outreach and success will be hindered. This commentary looks at the emotional toll of diaspora on the Somali women interviewed for Bagelman and Gitome’s article, ‘Birthing Across Borders: “Contracting” Reproductive Geographies’, and contemplates the effects that this potentially has on the relationship between these women and health professionals in Dadaab, as well as their relationship with traditional Somali midwives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document