scholarly journals On the interpretation of tense in temporal adverbial clauses

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Elise Newman
Keyword(s):  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

Examining individual variation in learner production data: A few programmatic pointers for corpus-based analyses using the example of adverbial clause ordering

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Stefan Th. Gries ◽  
Stefanie Wulff
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
Main Clause ◽  
Subordinate Clause ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Adverbial Clause ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

ABSTRACT This study examines the variable positioning of a finite adverbial subordinate clause and its main clause with the subordinate clause either preceding or following the main clause in native versus nonnative English. Specifically, we contrast causal, concessive, conditional, and temporal adverbial clauses produced by German and Chinese learners of English with those produced by native speakers. We examined 2,362 attestations from the Chinese and German subsections of the International Corpus of Learner English (Granger, Dagneaux, Meunier, & Paquot, 2009) and from the Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays (Granger, 1998). All instances were annotated for the ordering, the subordinate clause type, the lengths of the main and subordinate clauses, the first language of the speakers, the conjunction used, and the file it originated from (as a proxy for the speaker producing the sentence so as to be able to study individual and lexical variation). The results of a two-step regression modeling protocol suggest that learners behave most nativelike with causal clauses and struggle most with conditional and concessive clauses; in addition, learners make more non-nativelike choices when the main and subordinate clause are of about equal length.

Syntax from and for discourse II: More on complex sentences as meso-constructions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Hampe ◽  
Stefan Th. Gries
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Complex Sentences ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Adverbial Clause ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

Abstract This paper presents a direct continuation of preceding corpus-linguistic research on complex sentence constructions with temporal adverbial clauses in a cognitive and usage-based framework (Diessel 2008; Hampe 2015). Working towards a more systematic construction-based account of complex sentences with before-, after-, until- and once-clauses in spontaneously spoken English, Hampe (2015) hypothesised that the morpho-syntactic realisations of configurations with initial adverbial clauses systematically diverge from those of configurations with final ones as a reflection of the specific functionality of each and that usage properties that are found across instantiations with a coherent functional load are retained in the schematisations creating constructions. This paper employs a multinomial regression in order to test to which extent each of eight closely related complex-sentence constructions with either initial or final before-, after-, until- and once-clauses can be predicted from the realisation of a few key morpho-syntactic properties of the respective adverbial and matrix clauses involved. The results support an analysis of complex-sentence constructions as meso-constructions that are not only specific about the subordinator and the positioning of the adverbial clause, but also retain “traces” of characteristic usage properties.

scholarly journals Adjuncts, attitudes and aspect: Some additions to a tense theory for Russian

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atle Grønn ◽  
Arnim Von Stechow
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial ◽  
Temporal Organisation

Compared to other languages, the temporal organisation in Russian relative clauses and temporal adverbial clauses is as simple as it can possibly be: The tense morphology is licensed locally and the adjunct tense and matrix tense are independent of each other. It is tempting to give a purely deictic analysis of adjunct tense in Russian. However, there are some exceptions to the deictic story, the most important one being adjunct tense embedded under attitudes and modals. For these cases, we argue that the highest tense in the adjunct is anaphoric (Tpro). We show that our previous analyses of complement tense and adjunct tense can be combined to successfully treat adjuncts in such intensional contexts. Furthermore, we discuss some residual issues in our tense theory for Russian, such as the insertion of covert tenses at LF (Russian lacks overt perfect tenses) and the integration of aspect in our system of feature transmission via semantic binding.

Syntax from and for Discourse: Adverbial Clauses as Item-Specific Constructions in Spontaneous Spoken English

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Hampe
Keyword(s):  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

AbstractThis paper seeks to contribute to a usage- and construction-based approach to the complex sentence. Studying temporal adverbial clauses with

scholarly journals THE PRESENT PARTICIPLE IN ENGLISH FUCTIONING AS A PREDICATIVE ADJUNCT AND ITS EQUIVALENTS IN MACEDONIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-252
Author(s):  
Katerina Vidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Prepositional Phrases ◽  
Present Participle ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

This paper investigates the use of the present participle in English as a predicative adjunct and its Macedonian translation equivalents. The English present participle is widely used in a position after the predicate in a sentence. The research is focusedon the present participle used predicatively.The research is conducted on a corpus of sentences, excerpted from English and American literature and their Macedonian translation equivalents. Consequently, comparative and descriptive methods have been used to analyze the excerpted sentences. The results show that mostly the present participle and the present participle clauses having the role of the predicative adjunct are translated into Macedonian with a verbal adverb and clauses with verbal adverb functioning as adverbial manner clauses. However, there are also examples in which the present participle is translated with a verbal adjective, also having the function of adverbial manner clauses. Besides the present participle clauses translated into Macedonian with a verbal adverb and verbal adjective there are clauses with a verb in Present, clauses with a verb in Aorist, clauses with a verb in Imperfect, clauses with da-construction, clauses with prepositional phrases and temporal adverbial clauses.

scholarly journals Relativization strategies in temporal adjunct clauses

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 65-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anikó Lipták
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Relative Clause ◽  
Clause Structure ◽  
Syntactic Variation ◽  
Free Relatives ◽  
Free Relative ◽  
Temporal Clauses ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial

This article takes a close look at the internal structure of temporal adverbial clauses in a number of unrelated languages, with a goal of uncovering the syntactic variation in these. The focus of discussion will be on temporal clauses that take the form offree relatives. It will be shown that there are minimally two different free relative strategies that can be found in temporal adverbial clauses: anordinary free relativestrategy with a gap in the position of a temporal modifier inside the relative clause and anIP-relativizationstrategy that involves relativization of the whole IP of the temporal clause. It will be shown that the latter strategy is awh-relativization strategy as well and it shows similarity to clausal relativization (sentences of the typeTom arrived, after which Susan left). The language in which the IP-relativization strategy will be isolated and fully analyzed is Hungarian. In this languagebefore/after-clauses (among some other temporal clauses) clearly exhibit a relative clause structure that is different from ordinary relatives. The evidence found in Hungarian will prove useful for the analysis of some temporal clauses in other languages as well. It will be shown that IP-relativization most probably underliesafter-clauses in German and Serbian, too. Further, a brief comparison of Hungarian temporal clauses to temporal clauses in other postpositional languages (Hindi and Basque) will suggest that the IP-relativization strategy inbefore/after-clauses can be thought of as a syntactic alternative tonominalization.

Deficits in sentence comprehension: Are they syntactic? Comments on Stein, Cairns, and Zurif

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Goodluck
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Temporal Adverbial ◽  
Reading Disabled

In a recent paper in Applied Psycholinguistics, Stein, Cairns, and Zurif (1984) demonstrate that reading disabled children perform at a less advanced level relative to normals of the same age in comprehending a number of complex sentence types, including sentences with temporal adverbial clauses, such as (1): 1. The pig kissed the cow after jumping over the fence. (Please see erratum page at back of this issue for the corrected figures concerning this sentence from the Stein, Cairns, and Zurif article.)While adults require the (missing) subject of jump in (1) to be interpreted as coreferential with the main clause subject (the pig in the example), normal children are frequently 6 or older before they develop this restriction, permitting a direct object NP (the cow in the example) to be made subject of (to control) the temporal clause. Stein et al. demonstrate that reading disabled children are slower than normals to develop the adult rule, a finding that generalized over both their comprehension of written and spoken language. In what follows, I point out some difficulties with the analysis of the adult grammar and normal development that Stein et al. adopt, and speculate on alternative ways of dealing with the facts of grammar and development for sentences of type (1). To the extent that these speculations are correct, our view of the nature of deficits may also be changed.

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