Development of Medication Literacy Scale for Pediatric Population with Nephrotic Syndrome and Assessment on Reliability and Validity

Introduction. Renal biopsy is the principal instrument to evaluate the diagnosis and prognosis of children with kidney disease. There are relatively few studies establishing epidemiology of its findings in the pediatric population. Methods. A descriptive study was conducted to describe characteristics of pediatric patients who had undergone a renal biopsy over the last 10 years in a national reference center, trying to accomplish an etiopathogenic approach of biopsy findings. Results. 241 patients were included. Most frequent indications were nephrotic syndrome (34.1%) and systemic disease with renal involvement (30.2%). The most prevalent biopsy diagnosis was glomerulonephritis (44%) and among these patients, glomerulonephritis mediated by immune complexes was the most frequent pathogenic type (90.5%). When the biopsy was indicated for proteinuria plus hematuria and systemic disease with renal involvement, the most frequent biopsy diagnosis was glomerulonephritis (60 and 85%, respectively). For isolated hematuria, the predominant biopsy diagnosis was inherited diseases of the glomerular basement membrane (70%) and for nephrotic syndrome, podocytopathy (82%). Glomerulonephritis was more frequent in patients older than 10 yrs (65%) and the rate of postbiopsy major complications was low (1.2%). Conclusion. Immune complex glomerulonephritis was the most frequent histological finding, differing from previous reports. To our knowledge this is the first description that classifies biopsy findings according to the probable pathogenic mechanism.

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Caracterización bioquímica del síndrome nefrótico de una población pediátrica en Villahermosa, Tabasco. / Biochemical characterization of the nephrotic syndrome of a pediatric population in Villahermosa, Tabasco.

MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTH RESEARCH ◽

10.19136/mhr.a4n1.3585 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Josefina Salomón-Cruz

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Para Determinar

ResumenEl síndrome nefrótico se diagnóstica con base en cuatro criterios: proteinuria, hipoalbuminemia, edema e hipercolesterolemia. Generalmente se presenta entre los 2 y 10 años de edad. Este trabajo se realizó para determinar la caracterización bioquímica del síndrome nefrótico de la población infantil del Hospital del Niño de Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.Estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo realizado en el laboratorio clínico del Hospital del Niño Dr. Rodolfo Nieto Padrón de enero 2016 a diciembre 2017. Se obtuvo el rango y promedio de las pruebas bioquímicas de pacientes con síndrome nefrótico.Se analizaron 33 pacientes referidos con diagnóstico de síndrome nefrótico, encontrándose una media de albumina de 1.3g/dl, colesterol de 482.6 mg/dl y triglicéridos de 523.2 mg/d y una proteinuria media de 295.9 mg/dll. Palabras clave: Síndrome nefrótico, Hipoalbuminemia, Hipercolesterolemia. AbstractThe nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed based on four criteria: proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hypercholesterolemia. It usually occurs between 2 and 10 years of age. This work was carried out to determine the biochemical characterization of the nephrotic syndrome of the infant population of the Hospital del Niño de Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.Methodology:. Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study conducted in the clinical laboratory of the Dr. Rodolfo Nieto Padrón Children's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. The range and average of the biochemical tests of patients with nephrotic syndrome was obtained.Results Thirty-three referred patients with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome were analyzed, finding a mean albumin of 1.3 g / dl, cholesterol of 482.6 mg / dl and triglycerides of 523.2 mg / d and an average proteinuria of 295.9 mg / dL. Key words: Nephrotic syndrome, Hypoalbuminemia, Hypercholesterolemia.

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Nephrotic Syndrome in a Child Suffering from Tetralogy of Fallot: A Rare Association

Case Reports in Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2015/128409 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Pépé Mfutu Ekulu ◽

Orly Kazadi-wa-Kazadi ◽

Paul Kabuyi Lumbala ◽

Michel Ntetani Aloni

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Nephrotic Proteinuria ◽

Rare Association ◽

Nephrotic Range Proteinuria ◽

Uncommon Complication

Nephrotic syndrome is an uncommon complication of tetralogy of Fallot and has been rarely reported in pediatric population. We describe a 4-year-old female Congolese child who was referred for investigation for persistent dyspnea, edema, and cyanosis and nephrotic range proteinuria. Our patient presented with a tetralogy of Fallot and nephrotic syndrome.Conclusion. This case reminds us that children with tetralogy of Fallot may develop nephrotic proteinuria.

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Reliability and Validity of the Asthma Trigger Inventory Applied to a Pediatric Population

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsl043 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 552-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

B. L. Wood ◽

P. A. Cheah ◽

J. Lim ◽

T. Ritz ◽

B. D. Miller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Reliability And Validity

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Video Head Impulse Testing in a Pediatric Population: Normative Findings

Journal of the American Academy of Audiology ◽

10.3766/jaaa.17076 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (05) ◽

pp. 417-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Katheryn Bachmann ◽

Kaitlin Sipos ◽

Violette Lavender ◽

Lisa L. Hunter

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Semicircular Canals ◽

Head Impulse Test ◽

Test Time ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Adult Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Head Impulse

AbstractThe video head impulse test (vHIT) is a new tool being used in vestibular clinics to assess the function of all six semicircular canals (SCCs) by measuring the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to rapid head turns. Whereas vHIT has been validated in adults for all SCCs, there are few studies describing the normal response in children, particularly for stimulation of the vertical canals.The purpose of this study was to characterize the normal vHIT response for all six SCCs in children aged 4–12 years.A cross-sectional prospective descriptive study.Forty-one participants were categorized into one of four groups based on their age (4–6 years, 7–9 years, 10–12 years, and adults) with at least ten participants in each age group.The ICS Impulse system (GN Otometrics, Schaumburg, IL) was used to perform vHIT on each participant. Lateral, anterior, and posterior SCCs were stimulated by thrusting the head in the plane of the canal being evaluated and resulting VOR gain measures were calculated as eye velocity divided by head velocity. VOR gain of the pediatric age groups was compared with adults for all SCCs.There were no significant differences in mean VOR gain between the three pediatric age groups for any SCC measured; thus, the pediatric data were combined into one group of 30 children for comparison with the adult group. Results showed that the pediatric group had significantly higher mean VOR gain than the adult group during left lateral SCC testing. A significantly lower mean VOR gain, however, was observed for the children compared with the adult participants for left anterior and right posterior (LARP) impulses. There was a large amount of variability in the data during right anterior and left posterior (RALP) impulse testing for both the pediatric and the adult groups, which was at least partially attributed to large pupil diameter in the younger participants. Test time decreased with an increase in age for all impulse conditions (lateral, RALP, and LARP). Several modifications were necessary to obtain adequate data on the pediatric participants.vHIT can be used to successfully measure the function of the lateral SCC in children as young as 4 years of age. Our results provide normative gain values that can be used when testing children with lateral vHIT. Care must be taken to obtain the most accurate measures and reduce variability when testing children, particularly with LARP and RALP. Our data would suggest that lower gain cutoffs should be used for LARP and RALP testing in children than the cutoffs used for lateral vHIT. Further research is warranted to study LARP and RALP response reliability and validity in children because of the highly variable VOR gains found in this population. Pediatric modifications for successfully administering vHIT and obtaining reliable results are discussed.

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Assessment of seven year long results of kidney biopsy

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20192246 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 822

Author(s):

Nambakam Tanuja Subramanyam ◽

Girish P. Vakrani

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Kidney Biopsy ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Diagnostic Yield ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Tissue Analysis ◽

Needle Size

Background: Kidney biopsy is a standard kidney biopsy tissue analysis to look at histopathological diagnosis of various kidney diseases. Previous studies have shown kidney biopsy findings mostly in pediatric population, and there is no much data on impact of various sized biopsy guns on biopsy outcome. This study includes all age group and describes impact of usage of various sized biopsy guns on biopsy outcome.Methods: A retrospective study was done on all patients who underwent kidney biopsy over 7 years.Results: Among total number of 386 patients, 55.2% were males. The commonest indication for biopsy was nephrotic syndrome. The commonest histopathological pattern was Lupus nephritis. Renal failure (RF) was found in 157 (40.7%) of which it improved in 78 (20.2%). Amongst RF patients, the commonest was IgA nephropathy. Change of needle size from 18G to 16G showed increased morbidity in the form of complications but also increased diagnostic yield. Biopsy related complications were noted in 0.8%-1.8%.Conclusions: The commonest indication for kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome. The commonest histopathological pattern was Lupus nephritis. Amongst RF patients, the commonest entity was IgA nephropathy. Change of needle size from thinner to thicker showed increased complications but also increased diagnostic yield too.

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Urinary Tract Infection in Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Age Group: A Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36334/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Subhendu Samanta

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Renal Disorder ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Abstract Background::Nephrotic syndrome, characterized by the presence of heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hyperlipidemia, is a common renal disorder in pediatric population. Aim of this study were to find out the prevalence of UTI in nephrotic syndrome, bacterial etiologies and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Methods:After matching the criteria, 82 cases, were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.The diagnosis was confirmed by bacterial culture.This is an institution based cross-sectional descriptive observational study. All newly diagnosed and relapse cases of nephrotic syndrome based on inclusion exclusion criteria was included in this study. Respondent was either of the parents or caregiver of the study subjects. Analysis of all data was done by appropriate statistical software(SPSS-23).Results:Among 82 participants evaluated with nephrotic syndrome 29.3% participants had Urinary Tract Infection ,majority66.7%were asymptomatic and 33.3% were symptomatic. Significant microscopic hematuria were found in 20.7% study subjects and significant pyuria were found in 58.54% study subjects. Majority of UTI caused by E.coli 33.3% followed by Klebsiella 25%,Proteus16.7%,Staphylococcus aureus 12.5% ,Citrobacter,Acenetobacter and mixed growth werefound in 4.2%each.Mean serum cholesterol of group with UTI was 422.13±34.65 and group without Urinary Tract Infection was307.43±26.13.The variation amongst the two groups were found to be significant (P=0.0001).Conclusions:The children with nephrotic syndrome are frequently predisposed to Urinary Tract Infection and in most cases it is asymptomatic, often undiagnosed. Higher serum cholesterol level may predispose the nephrotic child for Urinary Tract Infection.

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Validation of a Physical Activity Self-Report Questionnaire in a Portuguese Pediatric Population

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.14.3.269 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 269-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jorge Mota ◽

Paula Santos ◽

Sandra Guerra ◽

José C. Ribeiro ◽

José A. Duarte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Computer Science ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Self Report ◽

Original Version ◽

Portuguese Population ◽

Local Schools ◽

Self Reports ◽

Young Subjects

The goal of this study was to validate an adapted version of the “weekly checklist” in a Portuguese population. The validity was assessed by comparing self-reports against the Computer Science and Application, Inc (CSA) monitor. The sample comprised 109 children (boys, n = 42; girls, n = 67), aged 8 to 16 years old. All subjects were volunteers from local schools (Oporto region). The weekly activity checklist was modestly (r = 0.30) but significantly (p < .01) correlated with the CSA. Girls (r = 40; p < .01) had higher correlations than boys (0.28; p < .05). When the values were analyzed by age, excluding the young subjects (<10 years old), the correlation values were slightly higher (r = 0.38; p < .01). The Portuguese version of the “weekly activity checklist” had similar reliability and validity as the original version. The measure appears to have lower validity in 8- and 9-year-old children.

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DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF A PEDIATRIC PATIENT WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME- A REVIEW

10.36106/paripex/5401293 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 35-36

Author(s):

Ritika Ahuja Malhotra ◽

Kapil Gandhi ◽

Pallavi Shrivastava ◽

Sharon Jaiswal ◽

Babita Jangra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Glomerular Diseases ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Dental Management ◽

Child Patients ◽

Left And Right ◽

Antibiotic Coverage

Nephrotic syndrome is one of the chronic glomerular diseases in the pediatric population. It presents clinical symptoms and biochemical symptoms which results from proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Here, we present the case of a 5-year-old male child who came with pain in his lower left and right back tooth region. He was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome 4.5 years back and undergoing treatment and taking medications for the same. Extractions were done instead of pulp therapy to eliminate any dental sepsis including any teeth which were considered doubtful. All the extractions were performed under suitable antibiotic coverage and with the consultation of physician in charge. Our case report emphasizes on treatment which could reduce the morbidity and potential mortality associated with bacteremia which can be caused by any oral disease or dental procedures in child patients with nephrotic syndrome.

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Case Report: A Rare Presentation of NSAID-Induced Secondary Membranous Nephropathy in a Pediatric Patient

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.670575 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Siddharth Shah ◽

M. Asope Elder ◽

Jessica Hata

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Renal Biopsy ◽

Membranous Nephropathy ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Lower Abdominal Pain ◽

Rare Presentation ◽

Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽

Secondary Membranous Nephropathy

Background: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, but it is responsible for <5% of nephrotic syndrome cases in children. MN has primary and secondary forms. Secondary MN is caused by viral infections, autoimmune diseases like lupus, or drugs. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced secondary MN is rarely described in the pediatric population. Thus, the clinical presentation and time to recovery are vastly unknown in the pediatric subgroup.Clinical Presentation: We report a case of a 15-year-old female who presented with acute onset of nephrotic range proteinuria, significant hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and lower extremity edema related to the presence of nephrotic syndrome. She had a history of ibuprofen use periodically for 6 months before presentation because of menstrual cramps and intermittent lower abdominal pain. After the presentation, we performed a renal biopsy that reported stage 1–2 MN, likely secondary. The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody on the blood test and PLA2R immune stain on the renal biopsy sample were negative. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of the viral and immune causes of secondary MN, which was non-revealing. She had stopped ibuprofen use subsequent to the initial presentation. She was prescribed ACE inhibitor therapy. After 6 months of ACE inhibitor treatment, the proteinuria had resolved.Conclusion: Proteinuria can last for several weeks when NSAID induces secondary MN and nephrotic syndrome. With the widespread use of NSAIDs prevalent in the pediatric community, further studies are needed to evaluate and study the role of NSAIDs in this condition.

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