Developing a city skyline for Hong Kong using GIS and urban design guidelines

In recent years, central and local governments have carried out studies to establish a legal administrative infrastructure for urban design and to develop urban design guidance to preserve the identity of historic cities under the pressure of rapid urbanization in Turkey. The main aim of this article is to explain how we implemented a participatory urban design guidance (PUrDeG) model for cultural heritage sites, which was developed as part of a research project. We explain how we used various techniques to engage various actors in preparing urban design guidelines for a cultural heritage site. In addition, the article discusses the importance of community engagement techniques and processes in developing urban design guidance, and the context of guidelines for sustainable conservation of cultural heritage sites with examples from the United Kingdom and Turkey. It then presents a case study conducted in the Hanlar District, a Unesco world heritage site in Bursa, Turkey. The case study includes research on planning decisions, site analysis, a survey of urban residents, in depth interviews with local artisans, and an urban design workshop with various actors. The main outcomes of this study include a presentation of how to use various community engagement techniques to prepare urban design guidelines for cultural heritage sites in Turkey, an urban design guidance system for Bursa, and a list of recommendations related to urban design guidelines for the Hanlar District and Bursa in the light of UK experience.

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STUDY ON URBAN DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR IMPROVING RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOOD

Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan ◽

10.11361/cpij1.44.0.74.0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (0) ◽

pp. 74-74

Author(s):

Tetsuya TAKANO ◽

Yasushi NOZAWA

Keyword(s):

Urban Design ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Residential Neighborhood

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Calibration of models for pile settlement analysis using 64 field load tests

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t07-077 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 59-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

L. M. Zhang ◽

Y. Xu ◽

W. H. Tang

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Limit State ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Load Level ◽

Soil Parameters ◽

Model Bias ◽

Nonlinear Load ◽

Settlement Prediction ◽

Pile Settlement

Due to the presence of uncertainties, errors inevitably arise with the estimations of pile settlement. To properly consider serviceability requirements in limit state design, it is necessary to characterize the performance of commonly used settlement prediction models. In this work, information from 64 cases of long driven steel H-piles from field static loading tests in Hong Kong is utilized to evaluate the errors of three settlement prediction models for single piles: two elastic methods and a nonlinear load–transfer method. Commonly adopted soil parameters recommended in two Hong Kong design guidelines are used to reflect the uncertainty arising from evaluation of soil properties. The model error is represented by a bias factor. A conventional statistical analysis was first conducted to study the variability of model bias. A regression analysis method was then proposed as a supplemental analysis of model bias when only limited test data were available or when the measured settlement data distribute in a large range. Both methods result in very similar mean biases. The mean bias of each prediction model tends to vary with the load level and the bearing stratum at the pile toe; while the coefficient of variation of model bias only varies in narrow ranges.

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