Starting up in Business

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Greenbank
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Start Up

This paper is based on interviews with 58 micro-business owner-managers. It examines the factors influencing their decision to start up in business and classifies them as either ‘dissatisfiers’ or ‘motivators’. The research found that uncertainty in the decision-making process arises because the motivation to become self-employed is often based on beliefs rather than actual experience. This is important because uncertainty increases the perceived level of risk attached to self-employment as a career option. If self-employment is to be promoted, policy makers need to encourage more rational decision making and to provide programmes that actually involve the experience of running a small business.

scholarly journals The Psychological Puzzle: Contributing Factors to the Top-Down Politicization of Intelligence

Elements ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intelligence Community ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rational Decision Making

Policy and intelligence are intimately intertwined. Policymakers need intelligence to make decisions, while the intelligence community derives significance from its ability to provide policy makers with reliable information. In this symbiotic relationship, it is healthy for intelligence consumers to at times check and direct the work of intelligence producers. However, if undertaken maliciously, this checking mechanism manifests as top-down politicization. Here, leaders use intelligence post facto to legitimize their policies instead of using it to guide them, reversing the rational decision-making process. Certain factors may compel leaders to manipulate intelligence to reflect their policy preferences. This essay demonstrates how three distinct processes of top-down politicization can arise from ambiguous evidence, the psychology of intelligence consumers, and the nature of the leaders’ political positions and responsibilities. It then proceeds to argue that political leaders’ psychology is the most potent source of top-down politicization.

scholarly journals Women Quota in Lebanon: A False Promise?

1970 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Marguerite El-Helou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Public Office ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Local Levels

Demands for the adoption of women quota in public office, whether these positions are by election or appointment, were late in materializing and reaching the agenda of policy-makers in Lebanon. Persistent efforts by some civil society organizations since the 1990s and the appointment of a human rights activist as a Minister of Interior in 2008 led to the submission of two official proposals to this end as part of a general electoral reform. Nothing has materialized so far. The first proposal, calling for a women quota on parliamentary electoral lists, was aborted by Parliament in 2008. The second, calling for the allocation of seats for women on the municipal councils was approved by the Council of Ministers on January 29, 2010 but still awaits adoption by Parliament.1 In light of the prevalent frustration with the decision-makers’ failure to seriously act on this issue, the following sections of this paper aim at providing an assessment of the contributions that the two suggested quota proposals may have made to the enhancement of women representation in public office at the national and local levels respectively, as well as highlighting the factors influencing the decision-making process on this issue.

Sedation or General Anaesthetic for Special Care Patients?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Carole A Boyle ◽  
Helen Lane
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Conscious Sedation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
General Anaesthetic ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Anxious Patient ◽  
General Dental Practitioner

When faced with an anxious patient with complex needs who requires dental care, it can be difficult to decide on the most appropriate method to manage their pain and anxiety. There are a range of conscious sedation techniques that may be used, and on some occasions, general anaesthesia may be required. This paper describes the methods available and the factors influencing the decision-making process. The general dental practitioner (GDP) may not be able to offer care in their setting, but knowing more about the decision-making process and the information required to make that decision can help them guide patients and their families.

Evidence on rationality and behavioural biases in investment decision making

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Nisha Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Rational Decision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between rational decision-making and behavioural biases among individual investors in India, as well as to examine the influence of demographic variables on rational decision-making process and how those differences manifest themselves in the form of behavioural biases. Design/methodology/approach Using a structured questionnaire, a total of 386 valid responses have been collected from May to October 2015. Statistical techniques like t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test have been used in this study. Structural equation modelling (SEM) has been used to analyse the relationship between rational decision-making and behavioural biases. Findings The findings show that the structural path model closely fits the sample data, indicating investors follow a rational decision-making process while investing. However, behavioural biases also arise in different stages of the decision-making process. It further explores that gender and income have a significant difference with respect to rational decision-making process. Male investors are more prone to overconfidence and herding bias in India. Research limitations/implications The findings of the study have significant implication for the individual investors. It is recommended that if individuals are aware about the biases, they may become alert before taking irrational investment decisions. Originality/value To best of the authors’ knowledge, the present study is a first of its kind to investigate the relationship between rational decision-making and behavioural biases among individual investors in India.

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