scholarly journals LIFE AND FERTILITY TABLES OF Pineus boerneri ANNAND (HEMIPTERA: ADELGIDAE) ON Pinus spp. (PINACEAE)

FLORESTA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Josiane Teresinha Cardoso ◽  
Sonia Maria Noemberg Lazzari
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pinus Spp

Biological parameters of Pineus boerneri were evaluated in laboratory using seedlings of Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii. The nymphs were observed along their development. The total life cycle was not significantly different on P. taeda and P. elliottii, being, respectively, 69 and 65 days. The same trend was observed for mean fecundity, being about 40 eggs/female on P. taeda and 53 on P. elliottii. However, when daily mean fecundity was considered, the difference was significant, being 1.3 eggs/female/day on P. taeda and 1.8 on P. elliottii. The nymphal mortality was greater on P. taeda (50%) than on P. elliottii (28%). These results reflected on life expectancy which was higher on P. elliottii for the nymphal stage, but for the adult stage there was no significant difference between both host plants. The intrinsic rate of natural increase and the finite rate of increase were similar, indicating that P. boerneri shows the same reproductive capacity on both hosts, despite the net reproductive rate being much greater on P. elliottii (23.8 eggs/female) than on P. taeda (15.4). The highest nymphal survival and reproductive rates on P. elliottii indicate that this host plant is more suitable for the development of P. boerneri.

Effects of photoperiod on development and demographic parameters of the predatory thrips Scolothrips longicornis fed on Tetranychus urticae

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Hajar Pakyari ◽  
Mark R. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scolothrips Longicornis ◽  
Almost All

AbstractThe effect of five photoperiods (0:24, 6:18; 12:12, 18:6, and 24:0 light:dark (L:D)) on the development, reproduction, and survival of the predatory thrips Scolothrips longicornis Priesner fed on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, was tested under laboratory conditions at 60% RH and 25°C. Development time of almost all immature stages in S. longicornis was the shortest under long day lengths (18:6 and 24:0 L:D). The adult duration of both sexes decreased with increasing light length from 6 to 24 h. The longevity of male and female decreased with increasing light length. Under a 12:12 L:D photoperiod, S. longicornis females had the longest oviposition period and longevity, highest net reproductive rate (R0 = 15.37), intrinsic rate of natural increase (r = 0.141), and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.151). Life table parameters showed a significant difference with various photoperiods. The consequences of the present research demonstrated that a 12:12 L:D photoperiod is the most favorable for the reproduction and development of S. longicornis fed on T. urticae, and that for mas rearing for augmentative biological control programs, would be the ideal photoperiod to maximize production.

EFFECTS OF CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, RELATIVE HUMIDITY, AND SIMULATED RAINFALL ON DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF THE SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (OLIGONYCHUS UNUNGUIS)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Boyne ◽  
Fred P. Hain
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Oligonychus Ununguis ◽  
Rate Of Increase

AbstractExperiments were conducted on Fraser fir, Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir, seedlings or cut terminals. Results indicate that Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) responds most favorably to temperatures approximating 26 °C and to relative humidity levels approaching 50 to 60%. Developmental time, time to 50% mortality, net reproductive rate, mean generation time, intrinsic rate of natural increase, finite rate of increase, and days for populations to double were computed for each temperature and relative humidity regime. Simulated rainfall severely limits population density on Fraser fir seedlings.

scholarly journals Resistance and tolerance of ten carrot cultivars to the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt., in Poland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247978
Author(s):  
Maria Pobożniak ◽  
Małgorzata Gaborska ◽  
Tomasz Wójtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Damage caused to cultivated carrots by the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the factors limiting carrot production in Poland. Planting resistant and tolerant cultivars could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by this pest. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance and/or tolerance of 10 carrot genotypes to hawthorn-carrot aphid. Their field resistance was determined under field conditions based on five indicators, namely, mean number of alates (migrants) per plant and mean percentage of plants colonized by them, mean seasonal number of aphids per plant, mean number of aphids per plant and mean percentage of infested plants at peak abundance. Antibiosis experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions and pre-reproductive, reproductive time, fertility, and demographic parameters, represented by the net reproduction rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and mean generation time (T), were calculated. Five cultivars, Afro F1, Nipomo F1, Samba F1, White Satin F1, and Yellowstone showed field resistance. Antibiosis experiments revealed significant differences among the carrot cultivars in the length of the reproductive period, female fecundity in the time equal to the pre-reproduction time, and total progeny of hawthorn-carrot aphid. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) for apterous aphids varied significantly, ranging between 0.181 (Nipomo F1) and 0.343 females/female/day (White Satin F1). Additionally, the estimated net reproductive rate (R0) was the lowest on Nipomo F1, and this genotype was determined to be resistant. Our results suggest that a very high density of trichomes on the leaf petioles (71.94 trichomes/cm2) could adversely affect the feeding, bionomy, and demographic parameters of hawthorn-carrot aphid on the cultivar Nipomo F1. In addition, Napa F1 and Kongo F1 demonstrated high tolerance. Considering all the results collectively, four genotypes, Afro F1, Kongo F1, Napa F1 and Nipomo F1, were relatively resistant/tolerant to the hawthorn-carrot aphid.

scholarly journals Life History Evaluation of Ooencyrtus lucidus, a Newly Described Egg Parasitoid of Bagrada hilaris

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽  
Thomas M. Perring
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference

Ooencyrtus lucidus Triapitsyn & Ganjisaffar (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was recently recovered from fresh sentinel eggs of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in California. In the present study, life history traits of O. lucidus were studied at 26 ± 0 . 5 ∘ C, 40 ± 10 % RH, and a photoperiod of 14 L: 10 D hours. Results showed that 95.2% of the parasitized eggs yielded successful emergence of adults. The total immature developmental time was 14.27 and 13.95 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of O. lucidus was 0.5 (females/offspring). Mated females laid on average 6.0 eggs per day and 222.7 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 37.3 days. There was no significant difference in reproduction parameters between mated and non-mated females. The net reproductive rate ( R 0 ) was 103.8 females/female/generation, the intrinsic rate of increase ( r m ) was 0.171 females/female/day, the finite rate of increase ( λ ) was 1.187 population multiplication/day, the mean generation time (T) was 27.1 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 4.0 days. The highest longevity was observed in mated and non-mated females fed with honey, and they lived for 70.8 and 70.1 days, respectively. Providing females with host eggs in addition to honey, reduced their longevity by 24% in mated and 28% in non-mated individuals. Non-mated females and males deprived of honey only lived for 3.5 and 2.5 days after emergence, respectively. Our results indicate that O. lucidus has sufficient life history traits to make it a promising egg parasitoid for the biological control of B. hilaris.

scholarly journals Fertility Life Tables of Plastanoxus westwoodi (Kieffer) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) on Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
W Islam ◽  
KN Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Host Instar ◽  
Cryptolestes Pusillus

Plastanoxus westwoodi is an efficient ectoparasitoid of larvae and pupae of the red flat grain beetle Cryptolestes pusillus. Fertility life tables and effects of host instar on life table parameters of P. westwoodi on C. pusillus were studied in the laboratory. Generally adult females lived for 13-16 days. Oviposition commenced on the 1st day of adult emergence and continued till death or 1-2 days before the death of a parasitoid. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was found to be 0.2291 per female per day. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 64.07; the innate capacity for increase (rc) was 0.2096. The finite rate of increase (λ) was calculated as 1.4735 per female per day, while corrected generation time (T) was computed as 18.16 days. Key words: Plastanoxus westwoodi, Cryptolestes pusillus, Oviposition, Life table, Biological control   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3737    J. bio-sci. 16: 25-28, 2008   

Effects of Temperature on Demographic Parameters of Bryobia praetiosa (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shaef Ullah ◽  
Tatsuya Kamimura ◽  
Tetsuo Gotoh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Symbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Abstract The clover mite, Bryobia praetiosa Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an agricultural pest, as well as a frequent invader of hospitals and homes. However, its adaptability to different temperatures is not well understood. We used age- and stage-specific life tables to investigate the effects of temperature on demographic parameters of B. praetiosa from 15 to 35°C under a long-day photoperiod (16:8 [L:D] h). The clover mite is a thelytokous species (consisting of only females) due to its infection with the symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. The egg-to-adult development time of female B. praetiosa decreased as the temperature increased from 15 to 32.5°C. At 35°C, females laid eggs, but no eggs hatched. The lower thermal threshold (t0) and the thermal constant (K) for egg-to-adult females were 8.7°C and 274.1 degree-days, respectively. The intrinsic optimum temperature (TØ) was 22.4°C. The oviposition period decreased with increasing temperature. Fecundity was highest at 20°C and extremely low at 30°C. The net reproductive rate (R0) decreased as the temperature increased from 15 to 30°C, but no significant difference was observed between 15 and 20°C. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) varied from 0.0721/d at 15°C to 0.1679/d at 25°C, and then decreased to 0.1203/d at 30°C. These results should be useful in developing management strategies for B. praetiosa.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature on the development, reproduction and longevity of Ceratothripoides claratris (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on tomatoes

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.T.S.D. Premachandra ◽  
C. Borgemeister ◽  
A. Chabi-Olaye ◽  
H.-M. Poehling
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Total Fecundity ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

AbstractCeratothripoides claratris (Shumsher) is a serious pest attacking tomatoes in Thailand. Temperature-dependent development of C. claratris was studied at seven constant temperatures, i.e. 22, 25, 27, 30, 34, 35 and 40°C. Pre-adult survivorship was greatest (95%) at 25 and 30°C and shortest at 22°C. Egg-to-adult time decreased within the range of 20 to 30°C and at 34°C it started to increase. The lower thermal threshold for egg-to-adult development was estimated at 16 and 18°C by linear regression and the modified Logan model, respectively. The optimum temperature for egg-to-adult development was estimated at 32–33°C by the modified Logan model. The influence of temperature on reproduction and longevity of C. claratris was determined at 25, 30 and 35 and 40°C. Both inseminated and virgin females failed to reproduce at 40°C. Virgin females produced only male offspring, confirming arrhenotoky. The sex ratio of the offspring of fertilized females was strongly female-biased, except at 25°C. Mean total fecundity per female and mean daily total fecundity per female were highest for both virgin and inseminated females at 30°C. Female longevity was longest at 25°C and shortest at 40°C. Male longevity was longest at 30°C and shortest at 40°C. The net reproductive rate (R0) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was greatest at 30°C while, mean generation time (G) and the doubling time (t) were highest at 25°C. The finite rate of increase (λ) was fairly constant (1.1–1.5 days) over the three temperatures tested. The pest potential of C. claratris for tropical Asia is discussed.

scholarly journals Biology and life-table of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with the Old World Date Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Samah Ben Chaaban ◽  
Brahim Chermiti ◽  
Serge Kreiter
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Old World ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

The old world date mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus is an important spider mite pest of the date palms Phoenix dactylifera L. mostly in North Africa and the Middle East. A population of the predaceous mite Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) athenas has been recently found in Tunisia in association with a decrease of O. afrasiaticus densities. The objective of this paper was to assess the development and reproduction abilities of T. ( A.) athenas on O. afrasiaticus under laboratory conditions at two temperatures: 27 and 32 °C. The results obtained show that females of T. (A.) athenas develop in 5 days at 27 °C and 4.1 days at 32 °C. The mean fecundity of T. (A.) athenas was 32.1 and 23.2 eggs per female at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. Life table parameters were stimated: the net reproductive rate (Ro) 27.9 and 17.9 eggs/female, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) 0.322 and 0,344 female/female/day and the mean generation time (T) 10.3 and 8.4 days at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. At both temperatures tested, T. (A.) athenas intrinsic rate of increase was greater than that of O. afrasiaticus (rm = 0.213 at 32 °C,against rm = 0.166 day1 at 27 °C). Typhlodromus (A.) athenas would be able to develop at a wide range of temperatures feeding on O. afrasiaticus and seems to be able to potentially control it.

Life cycle and calculation of the intrinsic rate of natural increase of two bacterivorous nematodes, Panagrolaimus sp. and Poikilolaimus sp. from chemoautotrophic Movile Cave, Romania

Nematology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muschiol ◽  
Walter Traunspurger
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Movile Cave

AbstractThe life cycle and somatic growth of two bacterivorous nematodes, Panagrolaimus sp. and Poikilolaimus sp., isolated from chemoautotrophic microbial mats in Movile Cave, Romania, were studied in monoxenic cultures at 20°C with Escherichia coli as the food source. A method is described that allows simultaneous investigation of the somatic growth pattern, age-specific fecundity, and age-specific mortality of single individuals with high accuracy. Somatic growth curves of the species are presented. During juvenile development, both species showed a strict linear increase in body length, whereas body weight increased exponentially. Growth was continuous without lag phases. The relationships between fresh weight, W (μg), and body length, L (mm), were W = 1.6439L2.7672 for Poikilolaimus sp. and W = 0.2085L4.0915 for Panagrolaimus sp. Life tables and fecundity schedules for the two species are presented. In addition, demographic parameters were calculated. For Panagrolaimus, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), calculated according to the Lotka equation, was 0.309, the net reproductive rate (R0) 64, the mean generation time (T) 13.8 days and the minimum generation time (Tmin) 9.5 days. The corresponding values for Poikilolaimus were rm = 0.165, R0 = 108, T = 26.2 and Tmin = 19.5. Panagrolaimus produced fewer progeny than Poikilolaimus during its life but exhibited faster population growth due to its faster maturation. It showed a distinct post-reproductive period, whereas Poikilolaimus remained fertile until death.

scholarly journals Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Tables of the Predatory Mite Cheyletus Malaccensis Oudemans at Different Temperatures

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Miao Cui ◽  
Liyuan Xia ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Acarus Siro ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cheyletus Malaccensis

Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans is a predatory mite inhabiting grain depots in China. The relationship between temperature and the population growth rate of C. malaccensis is useful for predicting its population dynamics. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the predator, C. malaccensis, reared on Acarus siro were constructed under laboratory conditions at 22, 24, 28, 30, and 32 °C, 75% relative humidity, and a 0:24 h (L:D) photoperiod. Increasing temperature shortened the development time of the immature stages. The complete generation time of C. malaccensis ranged from 11.10 d to 27.50 d. Life table parameters showed that 28 °C was the optimum temperature for the growth and development of C. malaccensis; populations could increase rapidly at this temperature. The highest net reproductive rate (R0 = 290.25) and highest fecundity (544.52) occurred at 28 °C. Temperature significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (r), fecundity, and finite rate of increase (λ). The values of age-specific fecundity (high to low) were 28 °C > 24 °C > 30 °C > 32 °C > 22 °C, while the values of age-stage-specific fecundity had the same trend.

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