Effects of photoperiod on development and demographic parameters of the predatory thrips Scolothrips longicornis fed on Tetranychus urticae

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 620-629
Author(s):  
Hajar Pakyari ◽  
Mark R. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scolothrips Longicornis ◽  
Almost All

AbstractThe effect of five photoperiods (0:24, 6:18; 12:12, 18:6, and 24:0 light:dark (L:D)) on the development, reproduction, and survival of the predatory thrips Scolothrips longicornis Priesner fed on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, was tested under laboratory conditions at 60% RH and 25°C. Development time of almost all immature stages in S. longicornis was the shortest under long day lengths (18:6 and 24:0 L:D). The adult duration of both sexes decreased with increasing light length from 6 to 24 h. The longevity of male and female decreased with increasing light length. Under a 12:12 L:D photoperiod, S. longicornis females had the longest oviposition period and longevity, highest net reproductive rate (R0 = 15.37), intrinsic rate of natural increase (r = 0.141), and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.151). Life table parameters showed a significant difference with various photoperiods. The consequences of the present research demonstrated that a 12:12 L:D photoperiod is the most favorable for the reproduction and development of S. longicornis fed on T. urticae, and that for mas rearing for augmentative biological control programs, would be the ideal photoperiod to maximize production.

scholarly journals LIFE AND FERTILITY TABLES OF Pineus boerneri ANNAND (HEMIPTERA: ADELGIDAE) ON Pinus spp. (PINACEAE)

FLORESTA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Josiane Teresinha Cardoso ◽  
Sonia Maria Noemberg Lazzari
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pinus Spp

Biological parameters of Pineus boerneri were evaluated in laboratory using seedlings of Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii. The nymphs were observed along their development. The total life cycle was not significantly different on P. taeda and P. elliottii, being, respectively, 69 and 65 days. The same trend was observed for mean fecundity, being about 40 eggs/female on P. taeda and 53 on P. elliottii. However, when daily mean fecundity was considered, the difference was significant, being 1.3 eggs/female/day on P. taeda and 1.8 on P. elliottii. The nymphal mortality was greater on P. taeda (50%) than on P. elliottii (28%). These results reflected on life expectancy which was higher on P. elliottii for the nymphal stage, but for the adult stage there was no significant difference between both host plants. The intrinsic rate of natural increase and the finite rate of increase were similar, indicating that P. boerneri shows the same reproductive capacity on both hosts, despite the net reproductive rate being much greater on P. elliottii (23.8 eggs/female) than on P. taeda (15.4). The highest nymphal survival and reproductive rates on P. elliottii indicate that this host plant is more suitable for the development of P. boerneri.

EFFECTS OF CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, RELATIVE HUMIDITY, AND SIMULATED RAINFALL ON DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF THE SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (OLIGONYCHUS UNUNGUIS)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Boyne ◽  
Fred P. Hain
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Oligonychus Ununguis ◽  
Rate Of Increase

AbstractExperiments were conducted on Fraser fir, Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir, seedlings or cut terminals. Results indicate that Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) responds most favorably to temperatures approximating 26 °C and to relative humidity levels approaching 50 to 60%. Developmental time, time to 50% mortality, net reproductive rate, mean generation time, intrinsic rate of natural increase, finite rate of increase, and days for populations to double were computed for each temperature and relative humidity regime. Simulated rainfall severely limits population density on Fraser fir seedlings.

Biological traits of acarophagous thrips, Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Schizotetranychus smirnovi (Acari: Tetranychidae): Application of female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life tables

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-524
Author(s):  
Marjan Heidarian ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipor ◽  
Amin Sedaratian-jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Scolothrips Longicornis

Schizotetranychus smirnovi Wainstein is an important phytophagous pest of almond trees which causes serious damage in southwestern Iran. Scolothrips longicornis Priesner has been considered as an efficient predatory thrips that feeds on this spider mite and hence its efficiency for controlling S. smirnovi should be evaluated. In the current study, all main biological parameters of S. longicornis fed on S. smirnovi were determined under laboratory conditions. Data analysis was performed using both female age-specific and age-stage, two-sex life table theories. Duration of incubation, larval, pre-pupal, pupal and pre-adult periods of male predators were 4.73, 3.18, 1.05, 1.86 and 10.82 days, respectively. These periods in female individuals lasted 4.57, 3.92, 1.04, 1.87 and 11.00 days, respectively. Our findings showed that each female laid an average of 62.74 eggs during its ovipositional period (13.61 days). Using the age-stage, two-sex life table, the values of the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (T) were estimated to be 26.236 (eggs/individual), 0.171 (day-1), 1.186 (day-1) and 19.130 (days), respectively. Using the female age-specific life table, these parameters had different values. Our findings revealed that S. longicornis has a reliable capability to increase its population by feeding on S. smirnovi. This information can expand our knowledge for assessing biological efficiency of this predatory thrips in sustainable management of the destructive mite pest. 

scholarly journals Resistance and tolerance of ten carrot cultivars to the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt., in Poland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247978
Author(s):  
Maria Pobożniak ◽  
Małgorzata Gaborska ◽  
Tomasz Wójtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Damage caused to cultivated carrots by the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the factors limiting carrot production in Poland. Planting resistant and tolerant cultivars could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by this pest. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance and/or tolerance of 10 carrot genotypes to hawthorn-carrot aphid. Their field resistance was determined under field conditions based on five indicators, namely, mean number of alates (migrants) per plant and mean percentage of plants colonized by them, mean seasonal number of aphids per plant, mean number of aphids per plant and mean percentage of infested plants at peak abundance. Antibiosis experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions and pre-reproductive, reproductive time, fertility, and demographic parameters, represented by the net reproduction rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and mean generation time (T), were calculated. Five cultivars, Afro F1, Nipomo F1, Samba F1, White Satin F1, and Yellowstone showed field resistance. Antibiosis experiments revealed significant differences among the carrot cultivars in the length of the reproductive period, female fecundity in the time equal to the pre-reproduction time, and total progeny of hawthorn-carrot aphid. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) for apterous aphids varied significantly, ranging between 0.181 (Nipomo F1) and 0.343 females/female/day (White Satin F1). Additionally, the estimated net reproductive rate (R0) was the lowest on Nipomo F1, and this genotype was determined to be resistant. Our results suggest that a very high density of trichomes on the leaf petioles (71.94 trichomes/cm2) could adversely affect the feeding, bionomy, and demographic parameters of hawthorn-carrot aphid on the cultivar Nipomo F1. In addition, Napa F1 and Kongo F1 demonstrated high tolerance. Considering all the results collectively, four genotypes, Afro F1, Kongo F1, Napa F1 and Nipomo F1, were relatively resistant/tolerant to the hawthorn-carrot aphid.

Group-rearing did not affect the life table and predation rate of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Tetranychus urticae

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Saemi ◽  
Hasan Rahmani ◽  
Aurang Kavosi ◽  
Hsin Chi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Negative Effect

To better understand the effect of individual- and group-rearing conditions on predator performance, we studied the life table and predation rate of the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, after the mites had been individually- or group-reared on two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae, eggs at 25±1°C, 65±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L:D) h. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), net predation rate (C0), finite predation rate (ω) in the individually-reared predators were 40.61 offspring, 0.2594 d-1, 437.3 T. urticae eggs, and 4.8668 preys/d, respectively. Similar values were obtained when the predators were reared in groups (R0 = 43.10 offspring, r = 0.2837 d-1, C0 = 420.9 T. urticae eggs, and ω = 5.9054 preys/d). Mean adult longevities were 28.42 and 25.29 d for group-reared male and female predators, respectively; these values were significantly shorter than those of individual-reared mites (49.87 d for male and 36 d for female). Our results showed that P. persimilis mites could be group-reared in biological control programs without negative effect on their growth and predation potential. 

Effect of induced resistance in bean plants on Tetranychus urticae life table parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Atefeh Dahmardeh ◽  
Malihe Latifi ◽  
Rohollah Saberi Riseh
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Life Table Parameters ◽  
Acid Complex ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Rate Of Increase

In this study the effects of soil application of potassium phosphite, amino acid complex, and biolog siderophoric on the life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae have been investigated on bean plants, under laboratory conditions. The results revealed significant differences in the total developmental times, oviposition periods, and fecundity of T. urticae among the treatments. The shortest total developmental time and longevity was observed in biolog siderophoric treatment. The intrinsic rate of increase, the net reproductive rate, the finite rate of increase and the mean generation times of T. urticae were remarkably different among the treatments and lower than in the control. The lowest values of these parameters were observed in the biolog siderophoric treatment, which suggests that this inducer could be employed toward a sustainable management of T. urticae.

scholarly journals Life History Evaluation of Ooencyrtus lucidus, a Newly Described Egg Parasitoid of Bagrada hilaris

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ganjisaffar ◽  
Thomas M. Perring
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference

Ooencyrtus lucidus Triapitsyn & Ganjisaffar (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was recently recovered from fresh sentinel eggs of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in California. In the present study, life history traits of O. lucidus were studied at 26 ± 0 . 5 ∘ C, 40 ± 10 % RH, and a photoperiod of 14 L: 10 D hours. Results showed that 95.2% of the parasitized eggs yielded successful emergence of adults. The total immature developmental time was 14.27 and 13.95 days for females and males, respectively. The sex ratio of O. lucidus was 0.5 (females/offspring). Mated females laid on average 6.0 eggs per day and 222.7 eggs during their mean ovipositional period of 37.3 days. There was no significant difference in reproduction parameters between mated and non-mated females. The net reproductive rate ( R 0 ) was 103.8 females/female/generation, the intrinsic rate of increase ( r m ) was 0.171 females/female/day, the finite rate of increase ( λ ) was 1.187 population multiplication/day, the mean generation time (T) was 27.1 days, and the doubling time (DT) was 4.0 days. The highest longevity was observed in mated and non-mated females fed with honey, and they lived for 70.8 and 70.1 days, respectively. Providing females with host eggs in addition to honey, reduced their longevity by 24% in mated and 28% in non-mated individuals. Non-mated females and males deprived of honey only lived for 3.5 and 2.5 days after emergence, respectively. Our results indicate that O. lucidus has sufficient life history traits to make it a promising egg parasitoid for the biological control of B. hilaris.

scholarly journals Fertility Life Tables of Plastanoxus westwoodi (Kieffer) (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) on Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
W Islam ◽  
KN Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Host Instar ◽  
Cryptolestes Pusillus

Plastanoxus westwoodi is an efficient ectoparasitoid of larvae and pupae of the red flat grain beetle Cryptolestes pusillus. Fertility life tables and effects of host instar on life table parameters of P. westwoodi on C. pusillus were studied in the laboratory. Generally adult females lived for 13-16 days. Oviposition commenced on the 1st day of adult emergence and continued till death or 1-2 days before the death of a parasitoid. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was found to be 0.2291 per female per day. The net reproductive rate (R0) was 64.07; the innate capacity for increase (rc) was 0.2096. The finite rate of increase (λ) was calculated as 1.4735 per female per day, while corrected generation time (T) was computed as 18.16 days. Key words: Plastanoxus westwoodi, Cryptolestes pusillus, Oviposition, Life table, Biological control   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3737    J. bio-sci. 16: 25-28, 2008   

Biological responses of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to sub-lethal concentrations of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Katayoon Kheradmand ◽  
Mahmoud Heidari ◽  
Amin Sedaratian-Jahromi ◽  
Reza Talaei-Hassanloui ◽  
Mohammadreza Havasi
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Abstract Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the most important pests of agricultural crops with worldwide distribution causing considerable damage to different products. Application of chemical acaricides is one of the most important strategies used for the control of this pest. Entomopathogenic fungi, however, have been proposed as alternative control agents. In this study, sub-lethal effects (LC10 = 6.76 × 102, LC20 = 8.74 × 103, and LC30 = 55.38 × 103 conidia ml−1) of Beauveria bassiana strain TV on the life table parameters of T. urticae were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The results demonstrated that by increasing the concentration, a significant decline was observed in adult longevity of both male and female individuals. Total fecundity of T. urticae was calculated as 45.16, 36.28, 23.98, and 18.21 eggs in control, LC10, LC20, and LC30 treatments, respectively. Sub-lethal concentrations drastically affected the population parameters of this mite pest. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) ranged from 0.1983 to 0.1688 day−1 for the mites treated with distilled water and LC20 treatments, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) was affected by the sub-lethal concentrations (lower value at LC30 concentration: 11.19 offspring/individual). Considering the detrimental effects of B. bassiana on some biological parameters of T. urticae, it can be concluded that this product can be used to develop targeted interventions aimed at integrated pest management of this pest.

Effects of Temperature on Demographic Parameters of Bryobia praetiosa (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shaef Ullah ◽  
Tatsuya Kamimura ◽  
Tetsuo Gotoh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Symbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Abstract The clover mite, Bryobia praetiosa Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an agricultural pest, as well as a frequent invader of hospitals and homes. However, its adaptability to different temperatures is not well understood. We used age- and stage-specific life tables to investigate the effects of temperature on demographic parameters of B. praetiosa from 15 to 35°C under a long-day photoperiod (16:8 [L:D] h). The clover mite is a thelytokous species (consisting of only females) due to its infection with the symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. The egg-to-adult development time of female B. praetiosa decreased as the temperature increased from 15 to 32.5°C. At 35°C, females laid eggs, but no eggs hatched. The lower thermal threshold (t0) and the thermal constant (K) for egg-to-adult females were 8.7°C and 274.1 degree-days, respectively. The intrinsic optimum temperature (TØ) was 22.4°C. The oviposition period decreased with increasing temperature. Fecundity was highest at 20°C and extremely low at 30°C. The net reproductive rate (R0) decreased as the temperature increased from 15 to 30°C, but no significant difference was observed between 15 and 20°C. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) varied from 0.0721/d at 15°C to 0.1679/d at 25°C, and then decreased to 0.1203/d at 30°C. These results should be useful in developing management strategies for B. praetiosa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document