scholarly journals MULTI-SPATIOTEMPORAL SIMULATION OF EDGE EFFECT ON FOREST PATCHES IN THE BARRA SECA RIVER BASIN, ES

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Letícia Guarnier ◽  
Fabricia Benda Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Henrique Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Vicente Sombra da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spatiotemporal Simulation ◽  
Transition Areas

The Atlantic Forest is intensely fragmented and this fragmentation process has caused an expressive increase of forest remnants and, consequently, increased edge effect with different physical-biological intensities in the transition areas between the patch and the matrix. This study used landscape metrics to understand and analyze how different edge effect distances affect the structure of the forest landscape in the Barra Seca River basin (ES), in 1985, 1996, 2006 and 2016. Remote sensing images were processed and using the Bhattacharya algorithm with supervised classification, the forest patches of the study area were classified and isolated. Landscape ecology metrics were computed with Patch Analyst and V-Late 2 Beta extensions. The forest patches were divided into four size classes as follows smaller than 5 ha (C1); between 5 and 10 ha (C2); between 10 and 100 ha (C3); and over 100 ha (C4). The edge effect simulation using landscape metrics was performed using the edge effect distances of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 140, and 200 m. Forest fragmentation increased between 1985 and 2016 while the number of patches greater than 100 ha decreased. Currently, the basin landscape consists mainly of small patches, which have larger relative areas affected by edge effect while many patches smaller than 10 ha are completely dominated by edge effect for distances greater than 60 meters. The edge effect simulation for different distances allowed verifying the intensification of the edge effect on the forest patches of the Barra Seca River basin.

scholarly journals Modeling Land Use Changes and their Impacts on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Southeast China Coastal Watershed

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
Yuqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Point Source ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Coastal Watershed ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

Changes in landscape patterns in a river basin play a crucial role in the change on load of non-point source pollution. The spatial distribution of various land use types affects the transmission of non-point source pollutants on the basis of source-sink theory in landscape ecology. Jiulong River basin in southeast of China was selected as the study area in this paper. Aiming to analyze the correlation between changing landscape patterns and load of non-point source pollution in this area, traditional landscape metrics and the improved location-weighted landscape contrast index based on the minimum hydrological response unit (HRULCI) were applied in this study, in combination with remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technique. The results of the landscape metrics showed the enhanced fragmentation extent and the decreasing polymerization degree of the overall landscape in the watershed. High values of HRULCI were concentrated in cultivated land, while low HRULCI values mostly appeared in forestland, indicating that cultivated land substantially enhanced non-point source pollution, while forestland inhibited the pollution process.

scholarly journals Exploring the Effects of Landscape Metrics in Water Quality, Ave River Basin Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Fernandes ◽  
Lisa Martins ◽  
Luís Fernandes ◽  
Rui Cortes ◽  
Fernando Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Landscape Metrics

scholarly journals Análise comparativa da fragilidade ambiental da bacia do rio Piracicaba a partir da aplicação de dois modelos metodológicos: suporte para o estabelecimento e proposição de Corredores Ecológicos.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3060
Author(s):  
Suelen Crispim Sutil ◽  
José Augusto Costa Gonçalves ◽  
Eliane Maria Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Biological Corridors ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Piracicaba River

A avaliação da fragilidade ambiental das bacias hidrográficas vem se tornando cada vez mais importante no cenário ambiental, devido ao desenvolvimento gradativo da sociedade e a expansão tecnológica e econômica ao longo dos anos. Uma estratégia adotada para amenizar a degradação e restabelecer o equilíbrio, é a formação de corredores ecológicos (CEs), que auxilia na ligação entre remanescentes naturais. A bacia do rio Piracicaba passa por um longo histórico de degradação e de fragmentação florestal, principalmente próximo às cidades devido ao desmatamento de matas ciliares. Em vista disso, este trabalho analisou e comparou a aplicação de dois diferentes modelos de fragilidade ambiental, aplicada a esta bacia e, a partir de seus produtos identificou a melhor metodologia base para a proposição de corredores ecológicos na região. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível inferir que, além de grande parte da bacia apresentar grau de fragilidade entre fraco e médio, as áreas mais vulneráveis são aquelas mais próximas à cabeceira da bacia. O estabelecimento dos corredores ecológicos abrangeu, prioritariamente, as áreas de maior fragilidade entre a conexão dos fragmentos de vegetação e as Áreas de Preservação Permanentes (APPs), assim, verificou-se que é necessário o reflorestamento de cerca de 342,24 km² das APPs da bacia para que seja possível a conexão entre as remanescentes e 2,0 km²  de áreas de ligação. Comparative analysis of the environmental fragility of the Piracicaba river basin using two methodological models: support for the application and proposition of Biological Corridors A B S T R A C TThe assessment of a river basin’s environmental fragility has become even more important on the environmental scenery due to society’s gradual development and technological and economic expansion over the years. An adopted strategy to ease the degradation and restore the ecological balance is the establishment of biological corridors that can assist the connection between natural forest patches. The Piracicaba river basin has been going through a long history of degradation and forest fragmentation, especially near the cities because of the deforestation of riparian forests. Therefore, this paper analyzed and compared the application of two adapted environmental fragility models in this river basin and identified from their products the best base methodology for the proposition of ecological corridors. From the results, it was possible to infer that, in addition to a big part of the basin present poor and average fragility level, the most vulnerable areas are the ones close to the source of the main rivers. The biological corridors establishment covered, primarily, the most vulnerable areas between the fragments of remaining forests and the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and, from this, it was possible to verify that the reforestation of around 132,14 mi² of PPAs is necessary for the connection of patches of remaining forests and 0,77 mi² of connections areas.Keywords: environmental vulnerability, geoprocessing, environmental management.

scholarly journals Determinants of Distribution of Large Mammals in Seti River Basin, Tanahun District of Western Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagan Nath Adhikari ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Tej Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Community Forests

Forest landscape in Seti River basin of Western Nepal is not conserved within the protected area network. Wildlife habitats in Seti River basin are more vulnerable due to high anthropogenic disturbance and habitat fragmentation. Present study mainly focused to evaluate the major factors that determine the distribution of large mammals in Seti River basin by walking through 34 line transects that covered a total of 59.89 km. The distribution of large mammals was greatly affected by habitat types, human disturbances, topography and altitude. Himalayan gorals were recorded in the steep grass covered areas where as Muntjacs were found in most of the habitats and slopes. There was low occurrence of all species nearer to the settlements and roads. Besides, water sources played a vital role in distribution of wildlife, as there were more occurrences of signs of large mammals nearby water resources. In the study area, community forests played a major role in the conservation of viable population of large mammals. However, habitat fragmentation due to scattered human settlements and degradation of foraging grounds such as grasslands by succession and invasion of alien plant species added more threats to the survival of large mammals. Therefore, such situation can be improved through the protection of connecting forest patches and scientific management of forests and grasslands.

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationship between Forest Structure and Health

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Jinki Kim ◽  
Duk-Byeong Park ◽  
Jung Il Seo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Urban Neighborhood ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
And Function

There is abundant evidence that green space in urban neighborhood is associated with physical activity and it is well known that physical activity contributes to human health. Physical activity fosters normal growth and development, can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and can make people feel better and function better. Evidences also show that exposure to natural places can lead to positive mental health outcomes, whether a view of nature from a window, being within natural places, or exercising in these environments. The study aims to identify the factors of forest structure and socioeconomic characteristics influencing adults’ physical activity and health. A sample of 148,754 respondents from the Korea Community Health Survey, conducted in 2016, was analyzed. Measures included frequency of physical activity, stress, depression, and landscape metrics of forest patch. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, revealed that larger forest patches and the more irregular shapes were associated with more physical activity. The study also showed that the shape of forest patch and slope were associated with less mental health complaints, whereas composition related landscape metrics were not.

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