scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Imaging for Structural Characterization of Renal Affections and Diagnosis of Associated Chronic Renal Failure in 10 Dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Adarsh Kumar ◽  
A. C. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Renal Cysts ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Renal Sinus ◽  
Primary Indication ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Renal Size ◽  
End Stage

The present study comprises of 10 dogs of either sex with primary indication of azotaemia. All the dogs were subjected to detailed clinical, haematobiochemical, urinalysis, and microbiological examination along with radiographical and ultrasonographical examination. Based on the ultrasonographic structural abnormalities, the different renal affections associated with CRF in majority of dogs were diagnosed. The different affections included “end-stage” kidneys (n=4), hydronephrosis (n=1), renomegaly (n=1), nephritis (n=1), nephrolithiasis (n=1), nephrocalcinosis (n=1), and renal cyst (n=1). The significant ultrasonographic features in these affections included small kidneys with loss of corticomedullary demarcation (“end-stage” kidneys); increased cortical echogenicity (nephritis); dilation of the renal pelvis, separation of the central renal sinus with anechoic space, atrophy of renal medulla, (hydronephrosis); enlarged kidneys with increased overall echogenicity of renal cortex (renomegaly and associated nephritis); hyperechoic-mineralized structure with shadowing (nephrolithiasis); diffuse, small, multiple hyperechoic structures in the renal parenchyma with distal acoustic shadowing (nephrocalcinosis); small spherical intercortical anechoic structures fluid (renal cysts). In the present study, ultrasound proved to be a quick, convenient, and sensitive modality in detecting alterations in renal size and parenchymal architecture. All the dogs so diagnosed with CRF were rendered conservative medical treatment to control clinical signs of uraemia; maintain adequate fluid, electrolyte, and acid/base balance; provide adequate nutrition; minimize progression of renal failure.

Dose-related effects of metformin on acid–base balance and renal function in patients with diabetes who develop acute renal failure: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cucchiari ◽  
Manuel Alfredo Podestà ◽  
Elisa Merizzoli ◽  
Albania Calvetta ◽  
Emanuela Morenghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Base Balance

RULES OF EVIDENCE APPLIED TO TREATMENTS OF NEONATAL HYPOXEMIA AND ACIDOSIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-564
Author(s):  
L. S. Prod'hom
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
The Past ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Slow Infusion ◽  
Adequate Oxygenation

BIOCHEMICAL MONITORING of the low birth weight infant during the first 24 hours of life frequently reveals abnormalities of acid-base balance and hypoxemia; these anomalies are very striking in infants with clinical signs of respiratory distress. The clinician is then faced with two problems: the first in diagnosis, the second in treatment. In the past few years certain regimes for respiratory distress have been recommended with varying degrees of fact and forcefulness. These include the careful maintenance of thermal balance to keep oxygen consumption at a minimum, correction of acidosis by NaHCO3 or THAM in rapid or slow infusion, adequate oxygenation sometimes requiring an inspired O2 concentration above 40%, assisted ventilation (either through a tracheal tube or by a negative pressure tank), and, finally, administration of agents acting on vasomotor tone.

The effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on acid-base balance in rats with chronic renal failure

Life Sciences ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (25) ◽  
pp. 2577-2585
Author(s):  
Miho Kusaka ◽  
Keiichiro Atarashi ◽  
Atsushi Numabe ◽  
Yuzaburo Baba ◽  
Kaori Shinozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEEKLY CLEARANCE OF UREA AND CREATININE IN END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS TREATED WITH CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

2013 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Viet Thang Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Esrd Patients

Backgrounds: The aims dialysis of any sort include maintenance of normal body fluid status, normal electrolyte and acid-base balance, and removal of waste products. The degree of adequacy of removing nitrogenous waste products is very important. So the aims of this study: calculating Kt/Vurea and CCr in end-stage renal disease patients treated by CAPD and evaluating the correlation between clearance of urea and creatinine. Patients-Methods: 30 ESRD patients treated by CAPD at Department of Nephrology- Hue central Hospital were selected for this study from 1/2010 to 6/2011. The design of the study was a prospective crossover design. Results: The mean age of the patients was: 36,17±10,74 years(male) and 49,07 ± 12,75 years (female). Weekly Kt/Vure/t at T0: 2,43 ± 0,86 and T9: 2,26 ± 0,75; Weekly CCr at T0: 95,45 ± 29,39 L/week/1,73 m2 and T9: 90,81 ± 27,44 L/week/l,73 m2, p > 0,05. There was a positive-relation between Kt/Vure/week) and (CCr/week), (r = 0,638; p < 0,05).

Hypertension as a cause of chronic kidney disease

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teena Tandon ◽  
Rajiv Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Renal Cysts ◽  
Renal Sinus ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Progression Of Renal Disease

There is a strong association between hypertension and progressive renal disease, and it has long been assumed that a variable but often large proportion of end-stage renal disease is caused by essential hypertension damaging the kidney. While it is clear that malignant hypertension can cause renal damage, several lines of evidence cast doubt on the idea that more moderate blood pressures are commonly a primary cause of renal disease. These include (a) observational studies showing that microalbuminuria precedes hypertension; (b) morphological studies in animals and man suggest that changes traditionally described as due to hypertension correlate poorly with blood pressure; and (c) mutations in or near the APOL1 gene appear to underlie the development of renal disease in many black Americans previously labeled as suffering from hypertensive renal disease. The same mutations strongly predispose to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The mechanism of the association with ‘hypertensive’ renal disease is not established but it may act as a risk factor for progression of renal disease. Hypertension is associated with reduced renal mass. It is described as a consequence of renal cysts, simple as well as multiple. Obesity may be associated with accumulation of fat in the renal sinus and with hypertension.

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