Parading the Carnivalesque: Masking Circum-Caribbean Demands

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Cultural Authority ◽  
The People ◽  
The Caribbean

This chapter examines the Carnival and other parade dancing that have brought the people of the African Diaspora together in festive merrymaking. More specifically, it highlights the Carnivalesque experience associated with Circum-Caribbean parading, from Carnaval in Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe, and Martinique to the Kanaval in Haiti, the Jonkonnu in Jamaica, and the Saints Day Processions in the Caribbean. The chapter begins with an overview of the characteristics of Carnival dance and goes on to describe and compare major masking and parade dance traditions in Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, and Brazil. It argues that Carnival dancing not only functions as a form of entertainment, but in many cases as a medium for sociopolitical criticism, and especially for challenging social and cultural authority. The chapter concludes with an assessment of carnivalesque's contemporary messages.

Leishmania spp. and leishmaniasis on the Caribbean islands

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sand Fly Vectors

Abstract The kinetoplastid protozoan Leishmania spp. cause leishmaniasis, which clinically exhibit mainly as a cutaneous, mucocutanous or visceral form depending upon the parasite species in humans. The disease is widespread geographically, leading to 20 000 annual deaths. Here, leishmaniases in both humans and animals, reservoirs and sand fly vectors on the Caribbean islands are reviewed. Autochthonous human infections by Leishmania spp. were found in the Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe and Martinique as well as Trinidad and Tobago; canine infections were found in St. Kitts and Grenada; and equine infections were found in Puerto Rico. Imported human cases have been reported in Cuba. The parasites included Leishmania amazonensis, Le. martiniquensis and Le. waltoni. Possible sand fly vectors included Lutzomyia christophei, Lu. atroclavatus, Lu. cayennensis and Lu. flaviscutellata as well as Phlebotomus guadeloupensis. Reservoirs included rats, rice rats and mouse opossum. An updated study is warranted for the control and elimination of leishmaniasis in the region because some of the data are four decades old.

A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION OF THE GENUSPODOCARPUS(PODOCARPACEAE): II. THE SPECIES OF THE CARIBBEAN BIOREGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Mill
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Conservation Assessments

The species ofPodocarpusL’Hér. ex Pers. (Podocarpaceae) occurring on the islands of the Caribbean (excluding Trinidad and Tobago) are revised. Nine species are recognised, of which eight are known to be endemic to the Caribbean Bioregion. None of the species have infraspecific taxa. Four occur on Cuba, two on Hispaniola, two on Jamaica, and one on Puerto Rico and the Lesser Antilles. Keys are provided to all the species and to the species of Cuba, Hispaniola and Jamaica. The distributions of all species are mapped and discussed in relation to the geological history of the region as well as the climate, especially rainfall. The namesPodocarpus urbaniiPilg. andPodocarpus buchiivar.latifoliusFlorin are lectotypified. Revised or new IUCN conservation assessments are proposed forPodocarpus angustifolius,P. aristulatusandP. victorinianusand the existing assessments are detailed for the remaining species.

scholarly journals Nature Writing, American Exceptionalism, and Philosophical Thoughts in Edward Bliss Emerson's Caribbean Journal

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Mayo-Santana
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Nature Writing ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Death Event ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Textual Silence

Through the use of qualitative content analysis (Patton, 2002), this essay examines the philosophical thoughts presented in the journal and family letters of Edward B. Emerson for 1831-1834, written in the Caribbean while he was seeking relief from consumption (tuberculosis). The analysis focused on the themes of nature writing, American Exceptionalism, and the journal as evidence of a liminal life-death event. Edward was actively engaged in the genres of travel and nature writing, where Transcendentalist ideas were not evident. In contrast, important elements of that movement emerged in his philosophical expressions. Edward evinced an acute and creative mind until the end of his life, and his philosophical thoughts can be placed under the rubric of the philosophy of life. Edward's texts manifest a prejudiced contempt toward the people and culture of Puerto Rico and showed a sense of elitism that reflects American Exceptionalism, but his beliefs of human perfectibility seem to derive from a religious model of absolute moral conceptions. Edward's liminal intimations of mortality elicited a textual silence on consumption and death. The figure of the tragic hero fits Edward's life and demise.

Geology and hydrogeology of the Caribbean islands aquifer system of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Renken ◽  
W. C. Ward ◽  
I.P. Gill ◽  
Fernando Gómez-Gómez ◽  
Jesús Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The U.S

Internal marketing of attitudes in Caribbean tourism

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne P. Crick
Keyword(s):  
Internal Marketing ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The People ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Caribbean Tourism ◽  
The Way

Tourism is the mainstay of the Caribbean and the attitude of the people in the region may have a significant impact on the success of the industry. This paper analyzes the way in which tourism authorities of three Caribbean destinations have internally marketed tourism to their host populations in order to encourage the desired attitudinal expressions. A matrix of five possible responses to tourism was developed and each of the three countries was found to occupy different positions in the matrix. An analysis of the internal marketing strategies determined that the countries adopted different approaches based on their particular challenges but none of the approaches had achieved lasting success. The study concludes with recommendations for future research.

Pseudocercospora purpurea. [Distribution map].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Central America ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudocercospora purpurea (Cooke) Deighton. Fungi: Ascomycota: Capnodiales. Hosts: avocado (Persea americana). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Sikkim, Japan, Philippines), Africa (Cameroon, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Kenya, South Africa), North America (Mexico, USA, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi), Central America and Caribbean (Bermuda, Dominica, El Salvador, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Virgin Islands), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela), Oceania (Palau [Belau]).

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