Biologics for atopic diseases: Indication, side effect management, and new developments

Abstract: Metals occur naturally in soil and many kinds of rocks, particularly in minerals and ores, which also play a vital role in living systems such as plants and animals. Over a long period of time , metal evolution from toxin to the drug has achieved a milestone in medicine. Currently, a few metal-based drugs (i.e., metallodrugs) have been used in the clinic to treat patients with different medical conditions, making exciting new developments in anticancer therapeutics (e.g., arsenic trioxide and cisplatin) that quickly move into focus. Moreover, a thorough understanding of the properties and effects of metals on the human body could improve the development and innovation of metal-based drugs. In this review, we have comprehensively described the discovery and development of metal-based anticancer drugs, as well as their side effects in clinical treatment. Although metallodrugs have shown promising outcomes in the treatment of cancers, further investigation is needed to optimize their side effect for broader applications.

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Quantitative nano-characterization of heterogeneous catalysts

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100138361 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 398-399

Author(s):

P.A. Crozier ◽

M. Pan

Keyword(s):

Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽

Low Dose ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Structural Features ◽

Catalyst Characterization ◽

New Developments ◽

Double Phase ◽

Phase Systems ◽

Dose Imaging

Heterogeneous catalysts can be of varying complexity ranging from single or double phase systems to complicated mixtures of metals and oxides with additives to help promote chemical reactions, extend the life of the catalysts, prevent poisoning etc. Although catalysis occurs on the surface of most systems, detailed descriptions of the microstructure and chemistry of catalysts can be helpful for developing an understanding of the mechanism by which a catalyst facilitates a reaction. Recent years have seen continued development and improvement of various TEM, STEM and AEM techniques for yielding information on the structure and chemistry of catalysts on the nanometer scale. Here we review some quantitative approaches to catalyst characterization that have resulted from new developments in instrumentation.HREM has been used to examine structural features of catalysts often by employing profile imaging techniques to study atomic details on the surface. Digital recording techniques employing slow-scan CCD cameras have facilitated the use of low-dose imaging in zeolite structure analysis and electron crystallography. Fig. la shows a low-dose image from SSZ-33 zeolite revealing the presence of a stacking fault.

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New Developments in Mass Spectrometry

10.1039/2045-7553 ◽

2014 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

New Developments

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Instrumental Assessment in Cleft Palate Care

Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders ◽

10.1044/ssod23.2.49 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 49-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jamie Perry ◽

Graham Schenck

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

New Developments ◽

Perceptual Evaluation ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Instrumental Assessment ◽

Speech Language Pathologist ◽

Hypernasal Speech ◽

Perceptual Assessment ◽

Velopharyngeal Function ◽

And Function

Despite advances in surgical management, it is estimated that 20–30% of children with repaired cleft palate will continue to have hypernasal speech and require a second surgery to create normal velopharyngeal function (Bricknell, McFadden, & Curran, 2002; Härtel, Karsten, & Gundlach, 1994; McWilliams, 1990). A qualitative perceptual assessment by a speech-language pathologist is considered the most important step of the evaluation for children with resonance disorders (Peterson-Falzone, Hardin-Jones, & Karnell, 2010). Direct and indirect instrumental analyses should be used to confirm or validate the perceptual evaluation of an experienced speech-language pathologist (Paal, Reulbach, Strobel-Schwarthoff, Nkenke, & Schuster, 2005). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current instrumental assessment methods used in cleft palate care. Both direct and indirect instrumental procedures will be reviewed with descriptions of the advantages and disadvantages of each. Lastly, new developments for evaluating velopharyngeal structures and function will be provided.

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