scholarly journals Healthcare challenges of incarcerated women in Australia: An integrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Christine Stewart ◽  
Sharon L Bourke ◽  
Janet A Green ◽  
Elianna Johnson ◽  
Ligi Anish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health

Background: Despite the rise in numbers of incarceration women, disparities between health care services and access exist. The health needs of incarcerated women is complex and influenced by multiple social determinants of health.Purpose: Explore the healthcare issues of incarcerated women within Australian Prisons.Methods: Integrative review of the literature.Results: Incarcerated women represent a small proportion of the prison population within Australia, however, health outcomes are significantly impacted. Socioeconomic status, abuse (physical, emotional, sexual), previous incarceration, generational factors are some of the factors impeding the health of incarcerated women. Mental health, chronic disease conditions, maternal and child factors are significant health concerns of this vulnerable population. There is a disparity in health access and programs to improve their health outcomes. This paper explores the challenges impacting the health of incarcerated women.Conclusions: Significant disparities exist in the access of health services available to incarcerated women. There needs to be more focus upon improving access to health services and health support programs to meet the complex health needs of incarcerated in Australia. Furthermore, there is a need for more primary health nurses to prevent and address the healthcare issues of this population.

scholarly journals Barriers to accessing health care services: A qualitative study of migrant construction workers in a Southwestern Indian city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Santalahti ◽  
Kumar Sumit ◽  
Mikko Perkiö
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background: This study examined access to health care in an occupational context in an urban city of India. Many people migrate from rural areas to cities, often across Indian states, for employment prospects. The purpose of the study is to explore the barriers to accessing health care among a vulnerable group – internal migrants working in the construction sector in Manipal, Karnataka. Understanding the lay workers’ accounts of access to health services can help to comprehend the diversity of factors that hinder access to health care. Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews involving 15 migrant construction workers were conducted. The study applied theory-guided content analysis to investigate access to health services among the construction workers. The adductive analysis combined deductive and inductive approaches with the aim of verifying the existing barrier theory in a vulnerable context and further developing the health care access barrier theory. Results: This study’s result is a revised version of the health care access barriers model, including the dimension of trust. Three known health care access barriers – financial, cognitive and structural, as well as the new barrier (distrust in public health care services), were identified among migrant construction workers in a city context in Karnataka, India. Conclusions: Further qualitative research on vulnerable groups would produce a more comprehensive account of access to health care. The socioeconomic status behind access to health care, as well as distrust in public health services, forms focal challenges for any policymaker hoping to improve health services to match people’s needs.

scholarly journals Barriers to accessing health care services: A qualitative study of migrant construction workers in a Southwestern Indian city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Santalahti ◽  
Kumar Sumit ◽  
Mikko Perkiö
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background: This study examined access to health care in an occupational context in an urban city of India. Many people migrate from rural areas to cities, often across Indian states, for employment prospects. The purpose of the study is to explore the barriers to accessing health care among a vulnerable group – internal migrants working in the construction sector in Manipal, Karnataka. Understanding the lay workers’ accounts of access to health services can help to comprehend the diversity of factors that hinder access to health care. Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews involving 15 migrant construction workers were conducted. The study applied theory-guided content analysis to investigate access to health services among the construction workers. The adductive analysis combined deductive and inductive approaches with the aim of verifying the existing barrier theory in a vulnerable context and further developing the health care access barrier theory. Results: This study’s result is a revised version of the health care access barriers model, including the dimension of trust. Three known health care access barriers – financial, cognitive and structural, as well as the new barrier (distrust in public health care services), were identified among migrant construction workers in a city context in Karnataka, India. Conclusions: Further qualitative research on vulnerable groups would produce a more comprehensive account of access to health care. The socioeconomic status behind access to health care, as well as distrust in public health services, forms focal challenges for any policymaker hoping to improve health services to match people’s needs.

scholarly journals Pathways to healthcare for migrants and vulnerable people inclusion: the experience of Genti di Pace

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mancinelli ◽  
E Buonomo ◽  
F Mosaico ◽  
G Biondi ◽  
A Zampa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Issue Chronic and acute diseases affects migrants and vulnerable people who often face barriers in accessing health care services. Here is the description of an innovative health center (HC) developed for identifying barriers and facilitating access to health care services of hard-to-reach (HTR) people in Rome. Description of the Problem The Community of Sant'Egidio together with the “Migrant Health Unit” of ASL Roma 1 has established an innovative HC program aimed to improve health outcomes in HTR urban population. One of the main Public Health challenge is to reduce inequalities among migrants and vulnerable people through improving access to health services. Data here analysed were collected during 2019. Results 897 migrants and vulnerable people received heath care assistance. 52.4% were females, mean age 40.7±21.4 ds, 16.3% aged under 18 years and 69.6% were between 18-64 years. Countries of provenance: 56.8% Eastern Europe (Bosnia and Romania), 16.8% South America and 15.2% North Africa. 3.2% were refugees. Among 1986 health interventions 56.3% were general medical visits, 35.4% prescriptions and free drugs distribution, 4.1% children growth controls and baby milk supplies, 3.6% specialist visits and only 0.3% were sending to the Emergency Room. Lessons Improving the access to health care services of migrants is both a public health and an economic goal. The increase in chronic-degenerative diseases underlines the need to facilitate access to health services, also through collaboration networks between public and private social. This allows continuity in treatment, which has great meaning of secondary prevention, as well as rationalization of resources, reducing an improper use of the Emergency Room, which provides occasional intervention, but does not integrate into an efficient/effective therapeutic path. Key messages Promoting health care services like this can reduce barriers, improve health outcomes in migrants and increase sustainability of the NHS. Improving access to public and private social health services is important especially in presence of chronic-diseases which require continuous therapies and examinations.

scholarly journals Equitable access to health services for children aged 5 to 9 in a medium city of northeasth of Brazil: a result of Family Health Strategy

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Xavier de Santiago ◽  
Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha Barreto ◽  
Ana Cecília Silveira Lins Sucupira ◽  
José Wellington de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Luiz Odorico Monteiro de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Family Health Strategy

INTRODUCTION: The Brazilian National Health System may reduce inequalities in access to health services through strategies that can reach those most in need with no access to care services. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with the use of health service by children aged 5 to 9 years in the city of Sobral, Ceará, northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: Only 558 (17.0%) children used health care services in the 30 days preceding this survey. Children with any health condition (OR = 3.90) who were frequent attenders of primary care strategy of organization (the Family Health Strategy, FHS) (OR = 1.81) and living in the city's urban area (OR = 1.51) were more likely to use health services. Almost 80% of children used FHS as their referral care service. Children from poorer families and with easier access to services were more likely to be FHS users. CONCLUSION: The study showed that access to health services has been relatively equitable through the FHS, a point of entry to the local health system.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in the access to and quality of health care services

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Pereira Nunes ◽  
Elaine Thumé ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
Suele Manjourany Silva Duro ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Use Of Health Care

OBJECTIVE To assess the inequalities in access, utilization, and quality of health care services according to the socioeconomic status. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study evaluated 2,927 individuals aged ≥ 20 years living in Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil, in 2012. The associations between socioeconomic indicators and the following outcomes were evaluated: lack of access to health services, utilization of services, waiting period (in days) for assistance, and waiting time (in hours) in lines. We used Poisson regression for the crude and adjusted analyses. RESULTS The lack of access to health services was reported by 6.5% of the individuals who sought health care. The prevalence of use of health care services in the 30 days prior to the interview was 29.3%. Of these, 26.4% waited five days or more to receive care and 32.1% waited at least an hour in lines. Approximately 50.0% of the health care services were funded through the Unified Health System. The use of health care services was similar across socioeconomic groups. The lack of access to health care services and waiting time in lines were higher among individuals of lower economic status, even after adjusting for health care needs. The waiting period to receive care was higher among those with higher socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS Although no differences were observed in the use of health care services across socioeconomic groups, inequalities were evident in the access to and quality of these services.

Indicating Fields of Inequalities Regarding the Access to Health Benefits

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Landa ◽  
Karolina Skóra
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care System

Restrictions to health services in Poland have been an inspiration to establish Watch Health Care Foundation (WHC). The fundamental disease of the system is namely the disproportion between the amount of the funds and the contents of the package. It causes everywhere the same ’symptoms’ and leads to the same pathological phenomena: queues and other forms of rationing (’guaranteed’) health benefits, corruption, making use of privileges. Foundation uses the potential of information society and available infrastructure (web portal http://www.watchealthcare.eu) and all activities are presented on the website with the aim of influencing the health care system. On the basis of reports of limited access to health services, a ranking is created at WHC web portal, which aims to show what the biggest gaps in access to health services are - this is the way of showing the patient and health care system needs and also one possible approach of continuous education of the health care services consumers targeted at health care systems improvement.

scholarly journals Do adult health outcomes in urban population reflect local health risk? A matched cohort analysis of migration effects in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029059
Author(s):  
Philippe Bocquier ◽  
Abdramane Bassiahi Soura ◽  
Souleymane Sanogo ◽  
Sara Randall
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Health

BackgroundSelective migration may affect health indicators in both urban and rural areas. Sub-Saharan African urban areas show evidence of both negative and positive selection on health status at outmigration. Health outcomes as measured in urban populations may not reflect local health risks and access to health services.MethodsUsing the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance System and a migrant follow-up survey, we measured differences in health between matched non-migrants and outmigrants. We applied Cox and competing risks models on migration and death.ResultsControlling for premigration health status, migrants who moved out of Ouagadougou have higher mortality (HR 3.24, 95% CI 1.23 to 8.58) than non-migrants and migrants moving to other Ouagadougou areas. However, these effects vanish in the matched sample controlling for all interactions between death determinants. These and other results show little evidence that migration led to higher mortality or worse health.ConclusionsHealth outcomes as measured in Ouagadougou population do reflect local health risks and access to health services despite high migration intensity. However, neither the hypothesis of effect of health on migration nor the hypothesis of negative effect of migration on health or survival was confirmed.

scholarly journals Does Decentralization Improve Provision of Health Services? Evidence from Kisumu and Makueni Counties in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Racheal Omukhulu Makokha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Published Data ◽  
County Governments ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Impact

The last five decades have seen uncountable debates on the impact of decentralization on provision of public services. While it has evidently improved public service delivery in some countries, it has worsened it in others. Kenya implemented devolution in 2013 in the hope of bringing public services nearer to the people. Health was one of the services identified. Yet, the local media has reported negative impact of devolution on provision of health services since 2013. This study sought to look at the actual effect of devolution on access to health care services by analysing secondary quantitative data from the government published data, official statistics, international development agencies’ surveys and reports. Two county governments; Kisumu and Makueni were chosen to represent the urban and rural populations respectively. Contrary to the wider literature on health decentralization, this study found out that devolution did not worsen access to health care services in Kenya. The study attributed this to the nature of devolution adopted in the country where the county governments have considerable authority, decision-making power and responsibility over their counties.

Gypsy/Traveller, migrant, and refugee children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Condon ◽  
Julie Mytton
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Special Circumstances ◽  
Health Programmes

Children living in special circumstances due to migration or refugee status, or being of Gypsy, Roma, or Traveller ethnicity, have extra health needs and difficulty in accessing universal and specialist health services. Migrant, refugee, and Traveller children belong to diverse ethnic and social groups, but share characteristics which increase their need for targeted health promotion. All groups are subsections of the population with poor self-reported health and access to health services, and higher numbers of dependent children. It is well recognized that they experience discrimination and social exclusion which adversely impacts health. There is overlap between groups, for example, refugees are migrants who have left their country of origin to avoid persecution, and Roma are migrants who are of Gypsy ethnicity. This chapter identifies the reasons why children from these groups require focused health promotion; it summarizes their health needs, describes interventions to improve their physical and mental health through the child health programmes, and discusses factors that influence their ability to access preventive services.

scholarly journals Health issues in female Moldovan migrants in a north-eastern Italian region

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Buja ◽  
F A Vianello ◽  
F Zaccagnini ◽  
C Pinato ◽  
P Maculan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Italian Women

Abstract Background Migration from Eastern Europe to Italy is still massively expanding, with a subsequent increase of migrants in the job market who are traditionally employed in low specialized and high strain jobs. In this context Health Literacy is a known factor contributing to immigrant health disparities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of a population of migrant Moldovan women and their access to health care services in northern Italy by age class and health literacy level. Methods We administered an ad-hoc questionnaire to adult Moldovan women to assess their lifestyles, employment status, reported health status, access to Health Services and Health Literacy. Moreover, the study compared our data with a sample of Italian women of the same age range living in North-Eastern region interviewed in 2015. Analysis employs descriptive statistics. Results The sample included 170 Moldovan women (age 46.5 ±12.3). Prevalence of active smokers was found double in women with a low Health Literacy. Health Literacy status also determined the different access to Public Health Services, with women with higher literacy using more programmed health services and screening programs, and women with lower literacy conversely using more emergency health services. Overall reported health status was found worse in our sample than in Italian women and reported disease prevalence among age ranges was different than Italian ones with an increased probability for allergies, lumbar diseases and depression. Conclusions Some diseases have a higher prevalence in Moldovan than in Italian women. Health literacy is associated with lifestyles and use of health care services also in migrants, as previously demonstrated for native population. Key messages Tailored prevention programs and intervention should be designed in Moldovan women to address high prevalence diseases in this population. Strategy to improve health literacy should involve immigrants. Some diseases resulted well-spread over the whole sample and not influenced by age or employment; the difficulties migrants have to overcome might influence their health status.

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