scholarly journals The Reciprocal Relationship Between Earnings Management, Disclosure Quality and Board Independence: UK Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nooraisah Katmon ◽  
Omar Al-Farooque
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analyst Forecast ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Simultaneity Bias ◽  
Forward Looking

We empirically examine the reciprocal relationships between disclosure quality, board independence and earnings management. Disclosure quality is measured using the IR Magazine Award, the number of forward looking information in the annual report as well as the analyst forecast accuracy. We estimate earnings management using modified Jones Model, while board independence is measured using the percentage of independent directors in the board. We remedied the simultaneity bias in our study using a simultaneous system of equation, which was estimated using two-stage least square regression (2SLS). Match-paired samples comprised of the winners and non-winners of the IR Magazine Award during the years from 2005-2008 were employed in our study. Our finding reported that there is a negative reciprocal relationship between disclosure quality and earnings management. We notice that these findings are robust across all disclosure quality measurement that we utilised in our 2 Stage Least Square (2SLS) regression. Only one way (negative) causality between board independence and earnings management is demonstrated (in the board independence equation). In regards to disclosure quality and board independence, we found mixed findings. In this instance, our result demonstrated that there is no reciprocal relationship between disclosure quality and board independence (measured using IRAWARD). Nonetheless, we reported a positive reciprocal relationship between board independence and disclosure quality when forward looking information is utilized as to represent disclosure quality and a negative relationship between these variables when analyst forecast accuracy is employed. Our finding suggests that future research should take into account the potential simultaneity bias when examining the relationship between disclosure quality, earnings management and board independence.

Human behavior analysis under financial information science

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-704
Author(s):  
Feng Jui Hsu ◽  
Yu-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Forecast Error ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Analyst Forecast ◽  
Management Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Characteristics

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among corporate social responsibility (CSR), analyst forecast accuracy and firms’ earnings management behavior using US-based firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini (KLD) database to construct CSR performance scores and divide all firms into ten groups from high to low as a proxy for CSR performance. The authors obtained an initial sample of 33,364 firm-year observations from 1991 to 2012. Filtering for records which exist in the KLD, Compustat, and Center for Research in Security Prices databases lefts a total of 16,807 firm-year observations and CSR evaluation reports for 5,896 firms.FindingsThe authors find that high CSR-score firms have lower rates of analyst forecast error than their low CSR-score counterparts, suggesting that CSR performance is a useful means of forecasting earnings. Furthermore, firms with better CSR performance have significantly lower accrual-based earnings management behavior. However, the level of the manipulation behavior of real earnings management (REM) activities increased significantly in better CSR firms, suggesting that high CSR-score firms substituted REM methods for accrual-based methods. REM methods are consistent with the stipulations of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and allow high CSR-score firms to better manipulate earnings behavior. These results hold after the authors control for various factors related to firm financial characteristics.Originality/valueOverall, the findings have important implications for investors and regulators to more easily assess firms’ earnings manipulation behavior and earnings stability under CSR performance and financial information in financial markets.

Internal audit function and real earnings management practices in an emerging market

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1230
Author(s):  
Belal Ali Abdulraheem Ghaleb ◽  
Hasnah Kamardin ◽  
Adel Ali Al-Qadasi
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internal Audit Function

Purpose This study aims to investigate the monitoring role of internal audit function (IAF) on real earnings management (REM) practices. It examines the effect of investment in IAF (IIAF) and IAF sourcing arrangements on REM, unlike prior literature which has mainly examined the effects of IIAF on accrual-based earnings management. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a sample of 1,056 observations from an emerging market, Malaysia, between 2013 and 2016. Feasible generalised least square (FGLS) regression is used to analyse the data. To corroborate the results of this study, the authors use an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model with robust standard errors adjusted and also consider alternative REM measures. Findings The results of this study suggest that IIAF has a significant negative relationship with REM practices. Further, in-house IAF sourcing has a significant negative association with REM. The additional analysis supports the main results confirming the essential role of IAF in reducing REM in the Malaysian market. Practical implications The evidence relates to the important role of IAF in mitigating REM practices. High-quality of IAF impairs managers’ ability to manage earnings in their own interests. The findings may be useful in informing regulators, managers, shareholders and other investors, as well as researchers, about improving the role of IAF. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by providing the first evidence of the significant role of IIAF and IAF sourcing arrangements in mitigating REM in an emerging country.

scholarly journals Determinants of Quality Accounting Information Disclosure

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Sagin Oghenekowhodo Super ◽  
Nikhil Chandra Shil
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression

Purpose: This study aims at examining the factors determining the quality of accounting information disclosure in Nigerian firms. The study made use of secondary data obtained from the Nigerian stock exchange. Ordinary least square regression technique was used to test the hypothesis for this study. The study found a positive relationship between firm size and disclosure quality. Institutional ownership, firm performance and earnings per share also had a positive relationship with disclosure quality. Firm leverage was found to have a negative relationship with disclosure quality. This study recommends that firms should introduce the idea of institutional ownership and also leverage usage should be minimized.

scholarly journals Board independence, earnings management and the moderating effect of family ownership in Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 985-994
Author(s):  
Mohammed Idris ◽  
Yousef Abu Siam ◽  
Mahmoud Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This research examines the moderating effect of family ownership over the relationship between board independence and earnings management. Using information of industrial companies indexed on Amman Stock Exchange, this research provides evidence of negative relationship between board independence and earnings management, proposing that higher percentage of board independence is related with more effective monitoring to reduce earnings management. Moreover, the results document that the relationship between board independence and earnings management becomes weak when there is an interaction with family ownership control. These outcomes indicate that an increase in the percentage of independent directors to mitigate earnings management is less likely to be influential in the case of family controlled firms. The results of this research could be valuable to regulators in their efforts to restrict the incidence of earnings management and improve the quality of monitoring mechanisms, especially in an environment where the capital market is still evolving and the legal protection and law enforcement are weak.

Comprehensive Corporate Governance Mechanism and Disclosure Quality: Evidence from the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2852-2872
Author(s):  
Nooraisah Katmon Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
Analyst Forecast ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Multiple Directorships ◽  
The United Kingdom

Our study empirically examines the relationship between corporate governance and disclosure quality from the context of the United Kingdom. While studies on corporate governance and disclosure quality are extensive, we argue that only limited studies have utilised analyst forecast accuracy as a proxy for disclosure quality. We concentrateon the analyst forecast accuracy since we value the credibility of financial analysts in forecasting the firm’s earnings. Analyst are the expert users of the firm’s information and they rely on their analysis to predict firm’s earnings as well as to make a recommendation. We derived our sample from the analyst perception on the firms with high quality of disclosure that is the Investor Relation (IR) Magazine Award. Specifically we used 127 match-paired sample (i.e., winners and non-winners) of IR Magazine Award during the year 2005-2008. We measure corporate governance using board characteristics, audit committee characteristics, chairman and audit committee multiple directorships, chairman tenure and institutional ownership. Our findings report that multiple directorship by audit committee consistently increases disclosure quality. This suggest that the multiple directorships held by audit committee in other firms potentially improve their knowledge and experience in improving the quality of disclosure.Moreover, the result also shows a negative association between audit committee financial expertiseand board independent on the extent of quality of disclosure. These findings imply that the appointment of audit committee with financial expertise as well as an independent directors are merely a ticking the box activities, thus it appears in the letter form, but not in spirit. Our results are robust across various estimation, alternative measurement as well as endogeneity test that we have conducted.

scholarly journals CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND ACCRETIVE SHARE BUYBACK TO MEET OR BEAT EARNINGS PER SHARE FORECAST

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitraselvi Chandren ◽  
Zamri Ahmad ◽  
Ruhani Ali
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Earnings Per Share ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

This study examines the Malaysian accretive share buybacks firms from year 2001 to 2008 to determine the relationship between the corporate governance mechanisms and accretive share buybacks, the earnings management device to meet or beat earnings per share (EPS) forecast. The regression results of this study reports the significant effect on the relationship between corporate governance and accretive share buyback. Basically, there is positive effect on the relationship between the board independence, CEO duality and board size with the accretive share buyback to meet or beat EPS forecast (MBEF). Multiple directorships and managerial ownership documents a negative relationship with accretive share buyback to MBEF. However, this study identified insignificant relationship between board meetings and accretive share buyback. Using the accretive share buyback as an earnings management proxy is a new contribution to determine the roles of corporate governance on accretive share buyback to MBEF rather a common study on accruals manipulations and corporate governance mechanisms. Keywords: Accretive Share Buyback; Corporate Governance; Earnings Management; Earnings per Share.

scholarly journals “Tiga Wajah” Financial Distress: Determinan, Pemediasi, dan Pemoderasi dari Praktik Manajemen Laba di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Resi Ariyasa Qadri ◽  
Nilna Annisa Najiha
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Property Companies

<p><em>This study explicates the dynamic relationship between financial distress and earnings management using property and real estate companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2020 as the unit analysis. The paper also aims to test whether financial distress can be positioned as a determinant, mediator, and moderator towards earnings management simultaneously. Structural Equation Modelling with Partially Least Square technique was used to analyzed data gathered from 90 financial reports of property companies. This research sheds a light on the use of silver-bullet analytical tools in form of the Partially Least Square method to produce robust results stronger than ordinary least squares. Researches on this issue were still scant. This study found that financial distress has a significant positive influence on earnings management practice and can mediate the negative relationship between earnings management practice and its determinants. The financial distress can also play a partial role as a moderator on the negative relationship between earnings management and its determinant. This research implicates that investors should pay more attention to the financial distressed property companies during the pandemic period because this research has proved the manager’s misbehaviour in increasing the earnings management practice of the financial distressed firms. Future research can adapt the proposed research model and test it with panel data regression procedures.</em></p>

Disclosure quality and earnings management: evidence from Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebraheem Saleem Salem Alzoubi
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend previous research by empirically investigating the effect of the disclosure quality (DQ) on the magnitude of the earnings management (EM) among Jordanian companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the cross-sectional version of the modified Jones model, where discretionary accruals are used for the EM proxy. Generalized least square regression is used to examine the influence of the DQ on EM for a sample of 86 industrial companies in the period of the years from 2007 to 2010. Findings The result produces evidence on the negative association between DQ and EM. The result also evidences the view that as the level of the disclosure is high, the magnitude of the EM reduces and, in turn, increases the financial reporting quality. Originality/value As there are relatively few researches conducted in this area specifically among Jordanian firms, the study broadens the scope by providing empirical evidence of the relationship between DQ and EM. This paper is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of the DQ on EM among Jordanian companies.

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