Sugarcane expansion in the Capivara River hydrographic basin (SP) between 1977 and 2010

Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) with applied digital image-processing (DIP) techniques are essential tools for maintaining land-use records over time. The sugar-ethanol industry has increased over the last 30 years in areas of the Paranapanema Valley in the Western São Paulo Plateau, which is considered one of the last major regions of São Paulo State, Brazil with soil, climate, and relief favorable for expanding sugarcane production. However, there is still no detailed study on changes in land-use and land occupation in the Capivara River basin. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the expanding land-use toward sugarcane crop production throughout the middle course of the Capivara River basin, southwestern São Paulo, Brazil between 1970 and 2010 using remote sensing. Thus, thematic maps referring to soil types and the land-use of the area were organized using GIS tools, and the cartographic data were used to prepare maps with ArcMap 9.3 software. The results showed that there was a 31.24 % expansion in sugarcane crops within the Capivara River basin area, from 4.32 % in 1977 to 35.56 % in 2010. This expansion mainly occurred in areas previously used for pastures but may have also occurred in areas of forest remnants.

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Sugarcane expansion in the Capivara River hydrographic basin (SP) between 1977 and 2010

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6sup2p4185 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽

pp. 4185

Author(s):

Walquíria Silva Machado ◽

Tiago Santos Telles ◽

João Tavares Filho

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

River Basin ◽

Crop Production ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Land Occupation ◽

Sugarcane Crop ◽

Gis Tools ◽

Forest Remnants

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Morphometric analysis of an Areal Watershed in Taubaté, SP, Brazil

Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science ◽

10.4136/ambi-agua.2344 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Vicente Rodolfo Santos Cezar ◽

Marcelo Dos Santos Targa ◽

Celso De Souza Catelani

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

River Basin ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

High Surface ◽

High Capacity ◽

Sediment Concentration ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Circularity Index

In 1991, the Integrated Water Resources Management System (SIGRHI) in the State of São Paulo adopted the watershed as a territorial unit for studies, integrated planning and sustainable development. The morphometric analysis of small watersheds, which involves the characterization of geometric parameters, relief, drainage network, combined with land use and occupation, may constitute an important model for environmental analysis of larger watersheds. This study aimed at characterization of the morphometry in the Areal river basin, in the city of Taubaté, São Paulo. The study found 1.89 km² of area, 7.44 km of perimeter and 3.11 km in length of the basin axis, which allowed the calculation of the compactness coefficient (Kc = 1.51), form factor, (F = 0.195) and circularity index (CI = 0.43), indicating that under normal precipitation conditions, this basin is unlikely to be flooded, due to the distance from the unit, leading to smaller concentrate outflow. The results obtained for the Maintenance Coefficient (Cm) indicate that 260 m² is required to maintain each meter of perennial channel. The high values of drainage density (Dd = 3.35 km.km-2) and sinuosity index (Is = 0.95) indicate that drainage channels in the area are rectilinear, thus suggesting the occurrence of a high surface runoff associated with high dissection. The analysis of land use and occupation revealed that, from the seven types of vegetation cover, the dominant cover in the Areal basin is 0.756 km2 (40%) constituted of pasture, while forest represents 0.580 km2 (31%), 0.321 km2 (17%) of the land cover is constituted of degraded forest. In terms of conservation, the Areal basin is conserved because, besides being located in the environmental preservation area of the Una River Basin, it is located at the meeting of two ecological corridors and is occupied by only 8 families of rural producers. On the other hand, the creation of approximately 120 head of cattle in the upper part of the basin and the existence of gully erosion of the order of 0.018 km2 (1%) of the basin area, which led to increased runoff and sediment concentration in the flat areas marginal to the creek of Areal. Based on morphometric analysis, it was concluded that: Areal watershed presents high capacity to form new watercourses and their relief characteristics, with low sinuosity channels and high values of altimetric amplitude, channel gradient, and density. Drainage, allied to the existence of erosive processes, favors sediment flow and transport. Conservation actions are required to control erosion.

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Efeito das transformações antrópicas às margens do rio Una, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brasil

Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science ◽

10.4136/ambi-agua.1918 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marli Aparecida Perim ◽

Maria Dolores Alves Cocco

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

River Basin ◽

Riparian Forest ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Aerial Images ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

São Paulo ◽

Degraded Area ◽

The City ◽

Anthropic Pressure

This study sought to support the mapping of occupied areas on the margin of rivers through the use of geoprocessing imaging technologies combined with the application of indices that measure the effects of the anthropic transformations in the environment, in order to verify the environmental degradation. The Anthropic Transformation Index is demonstrably efficient for space-time analyses on river basins and at environmental protection areas. In order to develop a data base to support public policies related to the preservation of the Una River Basin, this article presents the effects of the anthropic actions in the years 1962 to 2014, in the registry district of Taubaté, in the Vale do Paraíba Metropolitan Region. In order to collect data using photos and aerial images of the territory, geo-referencing and vectorization were performed by the QGIS program, which enabled quantification of the occupation and land use. Five occupational categories types had been identified in the area: watercourses, riparian forest, field or pasture, denser forest and urbanization. Afterwards, the ITA was applied and the index 5.5 was obtained, which indicates a degraded area, based on the percentage of land use and occupation. It was concluded that the greatest change occurred in a 52-year time span, in the landscape of registry district, where a marked anthropic pressure was observed.it is the significant anthropic pressure, close to the watercourses, towards the Una River Basin, in the city of Taubaté, in the state of São Paulo.

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DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL COMO SUBSÍDIO À RESTAURAÇÃO FLORESTAL E MANUTENÇÃO HIDROLÓGICA DA BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS PINHEIRINHOS, BROTAS – SP

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2016v21n1p1-13 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Jessica Luane Silva ◽

Kelly Cristina Tonello ◽

Roberta Averna Valente ◽

Rafael Mingoti

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Forest Restoration ◽

Environmental Planning ◽

Dynamic Environment ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Priority Areas ◽

Forest Remnants ◽

Indispensable Tool

DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL COMO SUBSÍDIO À RESTAURAÇÃO FLORESTAL E MANUTENÇÃO HIDROLÓGICA DA BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS PINHEIRINHOS, BROTAS – SP JÉSSIKA LUANE SILVA¹; KELLY CRISTINA TONELLO²; ROBERTA AVERNA VALENTE3 E RAFAEL MINGOTI4 ¹ Eng. Florestal, Ms Ciências de Florestas Tropicais, Analista da Geopixel Soluções em Geotecnologia e TI, Av. Doutor Altino Bondensan, 500 - Distrito de Eugênio de Melo, 12247-016, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]² Eng. Florestal, Prof. Adjunto do Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, UFSCar, Rod. João Leme dos Santos, Km 110, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]³ Eng. Florestal, Profa. Adjunta do Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, UFSCar, Rod. João Leme dos Santos, Km 110, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brasil; [email protected]. Agrônomo, Dr. em Ciências, Analista da Embrapa Gestão Territorial, Av. Soldado Passarinho n.303 Fazenda Chapadão, 13070-115, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected] 1 RESUMO A ocupação das margens do Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos gerou fragmentação da mata ciliar, afetando a dinâmica ambiental do município de Brotas, São Paulo. Neste sentido, os diagnósticos ambientais podem atuar como subsídio indispensável para ações de minimização dos impactos ao meio a médio e longo prazo. O objetivo do trabalho foi diagnosticar as áreas de preservação permanente associadas aos recursos hídricos da bacia do Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos, visando à determinação de áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal e manutenção hidrológica. Foi utilizado um banco de dados cartográfico digital e o SIG IDRISI Andes para análise espacial e processamento de imagens de satélite LandSat. Foram gerados mapas de: (i) uso e cobertura do solo, pela aplicação do algoritmo de classificação supervisionada de máxima verossimilhança; (ii) uso e cobertura do solo nas áreas de preservação permanente associadas aos recursos hídricos; (iii) distância às nascentes; e (iv) áreas prioritárias à restauração florestal. Houve predomínio dos cultivos agrícolas e solo exposto (73,70%), restando apenas 23,14% de remanescentes florestais. Foi observado que 32,09% das áreas de preservação permanente estão ocupadas inadequadamente, indicando a necessidade de investimento para conservação dos remanescentes florestais, melhor planejamento quanto ao uso do solo e adequação à legislação por parte dos órgãos públicos responsáveis, uma vez que 68,45% da área total foi classificada com prioridade alta a muito alta à restauração, percentual que tende a aumentar com o avanço das fronteiras agrícolas. Palavras-chave: geoprocessamento, hidrologia florestal, áreas de preservação permanente. SILVA, J. L.; TONELLO, K. C.; VALENTE, R. A.; MINGOTI, R.DIAGNOSIS OF PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS AS A SUBSIDY TO FOREST RESTORATION: RIBEIRÃO DOS PINHEIRINHOS WATERSHED, BROTAS – SP 2 ABSTRACT The occupation of Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos caused fragmentation of riparian vegetation, affecting the dynamic environment of the city of Brotas, SP. In this sense, environmental diagnostics acts as an indispensable tool for actions intended to minimize these effects in the medium and long term. The objective of this study was to diagnosis permanent preservation areas (APP) in the basin of Ribeirão dos Pinheirinhos, Brotas - SP, in order to determine priority areas for forest restoration. We used a digital cartographic database and IDRISI Andes GIS for spatial analysis and image processing. Map and soil coverage was generated by the application of supervised classification algorithm for maximum likelihood, and the PPA's defined according to the Brazilian Forest Code, to identify their land use. It was subsequently generated a map of distance to the sources, which crossed the land resulting in the map of priority areas for forest restoration. Agricultural crops and bare soil (73.70%) predominate, leaving only 23.14% of remaining forest. It was observed that 32.09% of APP's are improperly employed. Thus, it is evident the need for investment for conservation of forest remnants, with better planning land use and adaptation to government agencies legislation, since 68.45% of the total area was classified as high to too high priority for restoration, a percentage that increases with the expansion of farming. Keywords: GIS, Environmental Planning, Reforestation

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THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT URBAN LAND USE TYPES ON AIR POLLUTION IN THE MEGACITY OF SÃO PAULO

Revista Presença Geográfica ◽

10.36026/rpgeo.v7i1.5366 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Júlio Barboza Chiquetto ◽

Maria Elisa Siqueira Silva ◽

Rita Yuri Ynoue ◽

Flávia Noronha Dutra Ribieiro ◽

Débora Souza Alvim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Urban Land ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

São Paulo ◽

Land Use Types ◽

The Impact

A poluição do ar é influenciada por fatores naturais e antropogênicos. Quatro pontos de monitoramento (veicular, comercial, residencial e background urbano (BGU))da poluição do ar em São Paulo foram avaliados durante 16 anos, revelando diferenças significativas devidoao uso do solo em todas as escalas temporais. Na escala diurna, as concentrações de poluentes primários são duas vezes mais altas nos pontos veicular e residencial do que no ponto BGU, onde a concentração de ozonio (O3) é 50% mais alta. Na escala sazonal, as concentrações de monóxido de carbono(CO) variaram em 80% devido ao uso do solo, e 55% pela sazonalidade.As variações sazonais ede uso do solo exercem impactos similares nas concentrações de O3 e monóxido de nitrogênio (NO). Para o material particulado grosso (MP10) e o dióxido de nitrogênio(NO2), as variações sazonais são mais intensas do que as por uso do solo. Na série temporal de 16 anos, o ponto BGU apresentou correlações mais fortes e significativas entre a média mensal de ondas longas (ROL) e o O3 (0,48) e o MP10 (0,37), comparadas ao ponto veicular (0,33 e 0,22, respectivamente). Estes resultados confirmam que o uso do solo urbano tem um papel significativo na concentração de poluentes em todas as escalas de análise, embora a sua influência se torne menos pronunciada em escalas maiores, conforme a qualidade do ar transita de um sistema antropogênico para um sistema natural. Isto poderá auxiliar decisões sobre políticas públicas em megacidades envolvendo a modificação do uso do solo.

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