Fractions of soil organic matter in the vineyards of altitude regions in Santa Catarina

The implementation of agricultural systems such as viticulture can quantitatively and qualitatively affect the contents of soil organic matter (SOM). These changes may modify the edaphic features of the soil as well as the soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical and physical fraction of SOMand to analyze changes in the carbon stock and C management index in areas of implanted vineyards in altitude regions of Santa Catarina. Four regions were selected: Region I (Urubici); Region II (San Joaquim); Region III (Campos Novos) and Region IV (Água Doce). In each region, we selected vineyards implanted between 2001 and 2005 as well as surrounding forested areas. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected from the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm layers of the soil. Samples were prepared in the laboratory to obtain air-dried soft soil, which was then used for the analysis of several parameters, namely total organic carbon (TOC), carbon stock,and chemical fractionation of the soil. The chemical fractionation was then used to determine carbon content in the fulvic acid fraction (C-FAF), humic acid fraction (C-HAF), and humin fraction (C-HUM). We also analyzed particle size, quantified the levels of particulate carbon (COp) and carbon associated with clay and silt (COam), and calculated the carbon management index (CMI). We evaluated normality and homogeneity for all data. The results were evaluated with an analysis of variance and subsequent F-test. Mean values were compared using a 5% Student’s t-test and subsequently submitted to a Tukey’s test. The highest TOC levels were observed in Region II in the 0-5 cm layer in both vineyard and forested areas. Vineyard areas exhibited lower values of TOC, Cop, and COam compared to forested areas indicating that the management adopted in these areas contributed to the reduction of these fractions. Forested areas exhibited a higher proportion of Cop compared to vineyard areas. The humin fraction represented the largest portion of the TOC and comprised the highest values in both forested and vineyard areas. The carbon management index indicated a low contribution of vineyard areas or a reduction in carbon storage in their soils.

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The effects of soil management practices on soil organic matter changes within a productive vineyard in the Nitra viticulture area (Slovakia)

Agriculture (Pol nohospodárstvo) ◽

10.1515/agri-2016-0001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Vladimír Šimanský ◽

Nora Polláková

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Management Practices ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Soil Management ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Lability Index ◽

Carbon Management Index ◽

Commercial Vineyard ◽

Fertiliser Application

Abstract Since understanding soil organic matter (SOM) content and quality is very important, in the present study we evaluated parameters of SOM including: carbon lability (LC), lability index (LI), carbon pool index (CPI) and carbon management index (CMI) in the soil as well as in the water-stable aggregates (WSA) under different soil management practices in a commercial vineyard (established on Rendzic Leptosol in the Nitra viticulture area, Slovakia). Soil samples were taken in spring during the years 2008–2015 from the following treatments: G (grass, control), T (tillage and intensive cultivation), T+FYM (tillage + farmyard manure), G+NPK3 (grass + 3rd intensity of fertilisation for vineyards), and G+NPK1 (grass + 1st intensity of fertilisation for vineyards). The highest LI values in soil were found for the G+NPK3 and T+FYM fertilised treatments and the lowest for the unfertilised intensively tilled treatments. The CPI in the soil increased as follows: T < G+NPK3 < T+FYM < G+NPK1. The highest accumulation of carbon as well as decomposable organic matter occurred in G+NPK1 compared to other fertilised treatments, while intensive tillage caused a decrease. On average, the values of LI in WSA increased in the sequence G+NPK1 < T+FYM < G+NPK3 < T. Our results showed that the greatest SOM vulnerability to degradation was observed in the WSA under T treatment, and the greatest values of CPI in WSA were detected as a result of fertiliser application in 3rd intensity for vineyards and farmyard manure application.

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Soil organic matter fractions and carbon management index under integrated crop-livestock system

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n3a2020-47702 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeferson Tiago Piano ◽

Carlos Augusto Rocha De Moraes Rego ◽

Andressa Perini Vengen ◽

Jonas Francisco Egewarth ◽

Vanessa Aline Egewarth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Western Region ◽

Undisturbed Soil ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Carbon Management Index ◽

Organic Matter Fractions ◽

Livestock System

The objective of this work was to evaluate the carbon content of the physical, chemical and oxidizable fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) and to calculate the carbon management index (CMI) in an area managed under an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) in the western region of Paraná - Brazil. The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, belonging to the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná. Seventeen areas, which are managed in different ways, fifteen in ICLS and two areas of controls (Forest and Haymaking), using the design divided with two nested controls, with three replications were evaluated. Deformed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from all the areas to determine the total organic carbon (TOC), carbon stock, the physical, chemical and oxidizable fractions of SOM and the CMI in the layers of 0-0.05, 0.05-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m. Little significant changes in the fractions were found for the management of the ICLS area in relation to the Forest and the area of Haymaking, although the Forest presented the best values for most of the studied fractions. It is recommended to adopt sustainable practices, such as ICLS, even though the average fractions tend to take time to match reference areas.

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Stock and indices of carbon management under different soil use systems

Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) ◽

10.5327/z21769478867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 286-295

Author(s):

Diego Henrique de Oliveira Morais ◽

Carla Aparecida da Silva ◽

Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽

Paulo Guilherme da Silva Farias ◽

Camila Beatriz da Silva Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Carbon Stock ◽

Stock Index ◽

Management Systems ◽

Native Forest ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Permanent Pasture ◽

Lability Index ◽

Tillage System ◽

Carbon Management Index

The aim of this study was to evaluate the stock of total organic carbon (TOC) and to perform the physical-granulometric fractionation of soil organic matter (SOM) in different management systems (MS). Three MS and one reference area of Native Forest (NF) were studied, and the three systems were sugarcane (SC), permanent pasture (PP) and no-tillage system (NTS). Soil samples were collected in the 0–0.05, 0.05–0.10, 0.10–0.20-m layers. Soil density (Sd), TOC, stratification index (SI), carbon stock (StockC), variation in StockC (∆StockC), carbon content of particulate organic matter (C-POM) and mineral organic matter (C-MOM), carbon stock index (CSI), lability (L), lability index (LI), and carbon management index (CMI) were determined. The MS presented higher Sd than the NF area. The NF area had higher TOC contents in the first layers, reaching 25.40 g kg-1 in the 0–0.05-m layer, with the PP area having higher values than the NF in the 0.10–0.20-m layer. The NF area showed the highest levels of C-POM (15.25 g kg-1) and C-MOM (10.15 g kg-1) in the first layer. In the 0.10–0.20-m layer, the PP and NTS systems were superior to the others. Regarding the C-MOM content, SC and PP showed higher levels in the 0.10–0.20-m layer. The highest CMI values were observed in the NTS and PP areas in the 0.10–0.20-m layer. The MS increased the Sd and reduced the TOC levels. The different MS modified the POM fraction, and the MOM fraction was most impacted by the SC area. The lability of the SOM was altered by the MS in the most superficial layers.

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Carbon Management Index and Carbon Stock of a Cohesive Oxisol Under Different in the Region Northeast of Brazil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n9p284 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 284

Author(s):

Ésio de Castro Paes ◽

Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias ◽

Iara Oliveira Fernandes ◽

Elisângela Gonçalves Pereira ◽

Elton da Silva Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Surface Layer ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Organic C ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Carbon Management Index

The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil organic carbon fractions and the carbon management index (CMI) in a cohesive oxisol under different uses. Conventional cassava planting (CC), pasture (PP), and 7- and 12-year agroforestry systems (AF7 and AF12, respectively), were tested against secondary forest (SF). Soil samples of these areas were physically fractionated in order to determine total organic matter (TOC) as well as the labile- (LOC) and non-labile (NOC) fractions of the soil organic matter, as well as carbon management index (CMI). Total organic C ranged from 14.17 to 27.20 g kg-1 of soil, showing no differences in the surface layer among the land uses as compared to the secondary forest. No differences were found in the surface layer for LOC as well, except for the AF12 where LOC was higher. This condition accounts for higher microbial activity and nutrient cycling in the soil. This system also showed higher CMI values, pointing to a better response of soil quality under long-term agroforestry system. This system improved soil organic matter, regardless of the depth. On the other hand, conventional cassava and planted pasture systems reduced carbon in soil. In conclusion, the agroforestry system is the best choice of farmers, when they seek for better soil quality.

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Carbon management index based on physical fractionation of soil organic matter in an Acrisol under long-term no-till cropping systems

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/j.still.2007.06.007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 96 (1-2) ◽

pp. 195-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

F.C.B. Vieira ◽

C. Bayer ◽

J.A. Zanatta ◽

J. Dieckow ◽

J. Mielniczuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Physical Fractionation ◽

No Till ◽

Carbon Management Index

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Radiocarbon Dating of Total Soil Organic Matter and Humin Fraction and Its Comparison with 14C Ages of Fossil Charcoal

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200041242 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 43 (2B) ◽

pp. 595-601 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

L C R Pessenda ◽

S E M Gouveia ◽

R Aravena

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Radiocarbon Dating ◽

Natural Vegetation ◽

Soil Profiles ◽

North Central ◽

Total Soil ◽

Experimental Errors ◽

Humin Fraction

During the last decade radiocarbon dating has been used extensively in distinct regions of Brazil to provide information about soil chronology in paleoenvironmental studies. This paper presents 14C data of soil organic matter (SOM), humin fraction, and charcoal in several soil profiles under natural vegetation from different Brazil locations (north, central, and southeast regions). The main objective is to compare the obtained 14C dating of total SOM with humin, the oldest fraction of SOM. In order to validate the humin ages these data are compared with the age of charcoal collected at similar depths. The 14C ages obtained on charcoal were, in most of the cases, in agreement with the humin fraction considering the experimental errors, or 20% older in average. The dates obtained from total SOM showed significantly younger ages than the humin fraction indicating contamination by younger carbon. These results show the humin fraction is considered a reliable material for 14C dating in soils. However, the humin fraction ages could be assumed as the minimum ages for carbon in soils.

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Organic Matter Fractions and Carbon Management Index in Oxisol Under Integrated Agricultural Production Systems

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i3.16325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 237 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Augusto Rocha De Moraes Rego ◽

Paulo Sérgio Rabello de Oliveira ◽

Jeferson Tiago Piano ◽

Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽

Jonas Francisco Egewarth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Fulvic Acids ◽

Management Systems ◽

Native Forest ◽

Carbon Management ◽

Carbon Management Index ◽

Reference Areas ◽

Agricultural Production Systems

This work aimed to evaluate the oxidizable and chemical fractions of organic matter and the carbon management index in different integrated agricultural production systems, hay production and native forest areas in an Oxisol. Nine areas with different management systems were evaluated being six managements of the combination between different oat density (40 and 60 kg ha-1) and grazing frequencies (0, 1 and 2) in autumn-winter and soybean succession in spring-summer, one with natural reseeding ryegrass and forage turnip in autumn-winter and soybean succession in spring-summer and two reference areas. In each soil management systems were collected soil samples composite in the 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm layers and determined the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), humic substances (Fulvic Acids - FA, Humic Acids - HA and humin - HUM), the carbon in the oxidizable fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) and Carbon Management Index (CMI). Were observed that chemical, oxidizable fractions and CMI, do not have significant differences between with the various managements each other. For TOC, HA, HUM, F1, F3, F4 and CMI, the managements did not differ from the reference areas indicating maintenance of soil carbon.

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