Associations of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue with clinical and computed tomography imaging markers of metabolic syndrome

Epidemiological studies suggest that low-birth weight infants show poor neonatal growth and increased susceptibility to metabolic syndrome, in particular, obesity and diabetes. Adipose tissue development is regulated by many genes, including members of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) families. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of birth weight on key adipose and skeletal muscle tissue regulating genes. Piglets from 11 litters were ranked according to birth weight and 3 from each litter assigned to small, normal, or large-birth weight groups. Tissue samples were collected on day 7 or 14. Plasma metabolite concentrations and the expression ofPPARG2,PPARA,FABP3, andFABP4genes were determined in subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Adipocyte number and area were determined histologically. Expression ofFABP3and4was significantly reduced in small and large, compared with normal, piglets in adipose tissue on day 7 and in skeletal muscle on day 14. On day 7,PPARAandPPARG2were significantly reduced in adipose tissue from small and large piglets. Adipose tissue from small piglets contained more adipocytes than normal or large piglets. Birth weight had no effect on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle lipid content. Low-birth weight is associated with tissue-specific and time-dependent effects on lipid-regulating genes as well as morphological changes in adipose tissue. It remains to be seen whether these developmental changes alter an individual's susceptibility to metabolic syndrome.

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Computed Tomography Measurement of Hepatic Steatosis: Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis in a Canadian Population

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1155/2016/4930987 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Malcolm M. Wells ◽

Zhe Li ◽

Bryan Addeman ◽

Charles A. McKenzie ◽

Amol Mujoomdar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Chart Review ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Canadian Population ◽

Adipose Tissue Volume ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Background/Aims. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease that can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This retrospective chart review investigated the incidence of hepatic steatosis in London, Ontario, Canada.Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed on emergency room (ER) patients undergoing nonscheduled computed tomography (CT) imaging over a six-month period in London, Ontario. CT images and reports were examined to determine presence of steatosis. Analyses of the electronic chart for a period of six months following the CT and communication with the patients’ family doctors were used to determine if there was follow-up. Waist circumference, subcutaneous fat depth, and abdominal fat volumes were calculated.Results. 48/450 patients meeting inclusion criteria were identified by radiology as having steatosis, with 34/40 (85%) family physicians unaware of the finding. 24.7% (100/405) of patients met standard CT criteria for steatosis, 40 of which were reported by the radiologist. Waist circumference, subcutaneous adipose tissue depth, subcutaneous adipose tissue volume, and visceral adipose tissue volume were significantly associated with steatosis.Conclusions. The hepatic steatosis prevalence we report is the first reported in a Canadian population. Early identification of steatosis will become more important as new pharmacologic therapies arise.

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Does Measurement Site for Visceral and Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Alter Associations With the Metabolic Syndrome?

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-1500 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 679-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

J. L. Kuk ◽

T. S. Church ◽

S. N. Blair ◽

R. Ross

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Measurement Site ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Distribution of Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Syndrome in a Korean Population

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc10-1364 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 504-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

S. Kim ◽

B. Cho ◽

H. Lee ◽

K. Choi ◽

S. S. Hwang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Korean Population ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Dietary carbohydrate modification induces alterations in gene expression in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in persons with the metabolic syndrome: the FUNGENUT Study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1086942.539892 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Zecharia Madar

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Dietary Carbohydrate ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase protein expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is decreased after an isoenergetic low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diet in the metabolic syndrome

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.metabol.2012.03.017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 61 (10) ◽

pp. 1404-1412 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Anneke M.J. van Hees ◽

Johan W.E. Jocken ◽

Yvonne Essers ◽

Helen M. Roche ◽

Wim H.M. Saris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Adipose Triglyceride Lipase ◽

Complex Carbohydrate ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Hormone Sensitive ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Perivascular Adipose Tissue Attenuation on Computed Tomography beyond the Coronary Arteries. A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11081495 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1495

Author(s):

Domenico Tuttolomondo ◽

Chiara Martini ◽

Francesco Nicolini ◽

Francesco Formica ◽

Alessandro Pini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Vascular Inflammation ◽

Computed Tomography Imaging ◽

Perivascular Adipose Tissue ◽

Tomography Imaging ◽

Vascular Beds

(1) Background: Perivascular adipose tissue attenuation, measured with computed tomography imaging, is a marker of mean local vascular inflammation since it reflects the morphological changes of the fat tissue in direct contact with the vessel. This method is thoroughly validated in coronary arteries, but few studies have been performed in other vascular beds. The aim of the present study is to provide insight into the potential application of perivascular adipose tissue attenuation through computed tomography imaging in extra-coronary arteries. (2) Methods: A comprehensive search of the scientific literature published in the last 30 years (1990–2020) has been performed on Medline. (3) Results: A Medline databases search for titles, abstracts, and keywords returned 3251 records. After the exclusion of repetitions and the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and abstract screening, 37 studies were selected for full-text evaluation. Three papers were finally included in the systematic review. Perivascular adipose tissue attenuation assessment was studied in the internal carotid artery, ascending thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. (4) Conclusions: Perivascular adipose tissue attenuation seems to be an applicable parameter in all investigated vascular beds, generally with good inter-observer reproducibility.

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