Adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase protein expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is decreased after an isoenergetic low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diet in the metabolic syndrome

Metabolism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1404-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneke M.J. van Hees ◽  
Johan W.E. Jocken ◽  
Yvonne Essers ◽  
Helen M. Roche ◽  
Wim H.M. Saris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Adipose Triglyceride Lipase ◽  
Complex Carbohydrate ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Effects of morning rise in cortisol concentration on regulation of lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. E996-E1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Samra ◽  
M. L. Clark ◽  
S. M. Humphreys ◽  
I. A. Macdonald ◽  
D. R. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Triacylglycerol Concentration ◽  
Nonspecific Effects ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Cortisol has a well-defined circadian rhythm. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of the morning rise in cortisol concentration on lipolysis in adipose tissue. Ten healthy subjects were studied on two occasions, and six of these were studied on three occasions. During the first two occasions, either a control or cortisol suppression study was performed by using metyrapone, and on the third occasion exogenous cortisol replacement was given in addition to metyrapone. Lipolysis in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall was studied by measurement of arteriovenous differences. Reduction in the early morning rise in cortisol led to significantly decreased venoarterialized differences for nonesterified fatty acids (P < 0.05) and glycerol (P < 0.01), attributable in part to decreased hormone-sensitive lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) action (P < 0.05) in adipose tissue. At the same time the arterialized plasma triacylglycerol concentration increased (P < 0.005) with a significant reduction in the adipose lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) rate of action (P < 0.05). In the replacement study, values were identical to those of the control study, showing that metyrapone had no nonspecific effects on lipolysis. We conclude that the morning rise in plasma cortisol concentration plays an important role in the regulation of lipolysis in adipose tissue in normal healthy adults.

Lipoprotein Lipase and Hormone-Sensitive Lipase Activities in Human Subcutaneous Lipomas: Comparison with Normal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
Y. Giudicelli ◽  
R. Pecquery ◽  
B. Agli ◽  
C. Jamin ◽  
J. Quevauvilliers
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Control Samples

1. Lipoprotein lipase activity and hormone-sensitive lipase activity were investigated in subcutaneous lipomas removed from two patients and compared with the enzyme activities in subcutaneous adipose tissue from two normal subjects. 2. Confirmation was obtained of the presence of lipoprotein lipase activity in lipomas with an activity fifteen to forty-five times that in the two control samples. 3. Hormone-sensitive lipase activity was demonstrated in lipomas under basal conditions of assay as well as in the presence of adrenaline plus theophylline. However, compared with the non-lipomatous fat samples, these activities were lower, as was the magnitude of the lipolytic response to adrenaline plus theophylline. 4. The significance of these measurements of enzyme activity and their role in the pathogenesis of lipomas are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Nascent Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Bremer ◽  
Ishwarlal Jialal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) confers an increased risk for both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, studies on adipose tissue biology in nascent MetS uncomplicated by T2DM and/or CVD are scanty. Recently, we demonstrated that adipose tissue dysregulation and aberrant adipokine secretion contribute towards the syndrome’s low-grade chronic proinflammatory state and insulin resistance. Specifically, we have made the novel observation that subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in subjects with nascent MetS has increased macrophage recruitment with cardinal crown-like structures. We have also shown that subjects with nascent MetS have increased the levels of SAT-secreted adipokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, leptin, RBP-4, CRP, SAA, PAI-1, MCP-1, and chemerin) and plasma adipokines (IL-1, IL-6, leptin, RBP-4, CRP, SAA, and chemerin), as well as decreased levels of plasma adiponectin and both plasma and SAT omentin-1. The majority of these abnormalities persisted following correction for increased adiposity. Our data, as well as data from other investigators, thus, highlight the importance of subcutaneous adipose tissue dysfunction in subjects with MetS and its contribution to the proinflammatory state and insulin resistance. This adipokine profile may contribute to increased insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation, promoting the increased risk of T2DM and CVD.

scholarly journals Effects of Physiological Hypercortisolemia on the Regulation of Lipolysis in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 626-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaswinder S. Samra ◽  
Mo L. Clark ◽  
Sandy M. Humphreys ◽  
Ian A. MacDonald ◽  
Peter A. Bannister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Cortisol is known to increase whole body lipolysis, yet chronic hypercortisolemia results in increased fat mass. The main aim of the study was to explain these two apparently opposed observations by examining the acute effects of hypercortisolemia on lipolysis in subcutaneous adipose tissue and in the whole body. Six healthy subjects were studied on two occasions. On one occasion hydrocortisone sodium succinate was infused iv to induce hypercortisolemia (mean plasma cortisol concentrations, 1500 ± 100 vs. 335± 25 nmol/L; P &lt; 0.001); on the other occasion (control study) no intervention was made. Lipolysis in the sc adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall was studied by measurement of arterio-venous differences, and lipolysis in the whole body was studied by constant infusion of[ 1,2,3-2H5]glycerol for measurement of the systemic glycerol appearance rate. Hypercortisolemia led to significantly increased arterialized plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA; P &lt; 0.01) and blood glycerol concentrations (P &lt; 0.05), with an increase in systemic glycerol appearance (P &lt; 0.05). However, in sc abdominal adipose tissue, hypercortisolemia decreased veno-arterialized differences for NEFA (P &lt; 0.05) and reduced NEFA efflux (P &lt; 0.05). This reduction was attributable to decreased intracellular lipolysis (P &lt; 0.05), reflecting decreased hormone-sensitive lipase action in this adipose depot. Hypercortisolemia caused a reduction in arterialized plasma TAG concentrations (P &lt; 0.05), but without a significant change in the local extraction of TAG (presumed to reflect the action of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase). There was no significant difference in plasma insulin concentrations between the control and hypercortisolemia study. Site-specific regulation of the enzymes of intracellular lipolysis (hormone-sensitive lipase) and intravascular lipolysis (lipoprotein lipase) may explain the ability of acute cortisol treatment to increase systemic glycerol and NEFA appearance rates while chronically promoting net central fat deposition.

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