Phylogenetic analysis of HPAI H5N1 virus from duck swab specimens in Indonesia

Abstract Elucidation of molecular pathogenesis underlying virus-host interaction is important for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infection in chicken. However, chicken HPAI viral pathogenesis is not completely understood. To elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways and critical host proteins associated with influenza pathogenesis, we characterized the lung proteome of chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus (A/duck/India/02CA10/2011/Agartala). The chicken mass spectra data sets comprised1, 47, 451 MS scans and 19, 917 MS/MS scans. At local FDR 5% level, we identified total 3313 chicken proteins with presence of at least one unique peptide. At 12 hrs, 247 proteins are downregulated while 1754 proteins are downregulated at 48 hrs indicating that the host has succumbed to infection. There is expression of proteins of the predominant signaling pathways, such as TLR, RLR, NLR and JAK-STAT signaling. Activation of these pathways is associated with cytokine storm effect and thus may be the cause of severity of HPAI H5N1 infection in chicken. Further we identified proteins like MyD88, IKBKB, IRAK4, RELA, and MAVS involved in the critical signaling pathways and some other novel proteins (HNF4A, ELAVL1, FN1, COPS5, CUL1, BRCA1 and FYN) as main hub proteins that might play important roles in influenza pathogenesis in chicken. Taken together, we characterized the signaling pathways and the proteomic determinants responsible for disease pathogenesis in chicken infected with HPAI H5N1 virus.

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Viral Factors Important for Efficient Replication of Influenza A Viruses in Cells of the Central Nervous System

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.02273-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jurre Y. Siegers ◽

Marco W. G. van de Bildt ◽

Zhanmin Lin ◽

Lonneke M. Leijten ◽

Rémon A. M. Lavrijssen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Influenza A Viruses ◽

Cns Disease ◽

Efficient Replication ◽

Hpai H5n1 ◽

In Cells

ABSTRACTCentral nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most common extrarespiratory tract complications of influenza A virus infections. Remarkably, zoonotic H5N1 virus infections are more frequently associated with CNS disease than seasonal or pandemic influenza viruses. Little is known about the interaction between influenza A viruses and cells of the CNS; therefore, it is currently unknown which viral factors are important for efficient replication. Here, we determined the replication kinetics of a seasonal, pandemic, zoonotic, and lab-adapted influenza A virus in human neuron-like (SK-N-SH) and astrocyte-like (U87-MG) cells and primary mouse cortex neurons. In general, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus replicated most efficiently in all cells, which was associated with efficient attachment and infection. Seasonal H3N2 and to a lesser extent pandemic H1N1 virus replicated in a trypsin-dependent manner in SK-N-SH but not in U87-MG cells. In the absence of trypsin, only HPAI H5N1 and WSN viruses replicated. Removal of the multibasic cleavage site (MBCS) from HPAI H5N1 virus attenuated, but did not abrogate, replication. Taken together, our results showed that the MBCS and, to a lesser extent, the ability to attach are important determinants for efficient replication of HPAI H5N1 virus in cells of the CNS. This suggests that both an alternative hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage mechanism and preference for α-2,3-linked sialic acids allowing efficient attachment contribute to the ability of influenza A viruses to replicate efficiently in cells of the CNS. This study further improves our knowledge on potential viral factors important for the neurotropic potential of influenza A viruses.IMPORTANCECentral nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most common extrarespiratory tract complications of influenza A virus infections, and the frequency and severity differ between seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza viruses. However, little is known about the interaction of these viruses with cells of the CNS. Differences among seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza viruses in replication efficacy in CNS cells,in vitro, suggest that the presence of an alternative HA cleavage mechanism and ability to attach are important viral factors. Identifying these viral factors and detailed knowledge of the interaction between influenza virus and CNS cells are important to prevent and treat this potentially lethal CNS disease.

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Expression of HA of HPAI H5N1 Virus at US2 Gene Insertion Site of Turkey Herpesvirus Induced Better Protection than That at US10 Gene Insertion Site

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0022549 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. e22549 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Hongbo Gao ◽

Hongyu Cui ◽

Xianlan Cui ◽

Xingming Shi ◽

Yan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

H5n1 Virus ◽

Insertion Site ◽

Gene Insertion ◽

Hpai H5n1

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A New Generation of Modified Live-Attenuated Avian Influenza Viruses Using a Two-Strategy Combination as Potential Vaccine Candidates

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00893-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 81 (17) ◽

pp. 9238-9248 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Haichen Song ◽

Gloria Ramirez Nieto ◽

Daniel R. Perez

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Mass Vaccination ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Hpai H5n1 ◽

H5n1 Vaccine

ABSTRACT In light of the recurrent outbreaks of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), there is a pressing need for the development of vaccines that allow rapid mass vaccination. In this study, we introduced by reverse genetics temperature-sensitive mutations in the PB1 and PB2 genes of an avian influenza virus, A/Guinea Fowl/Hong Kong/WF10/99 (H9N2) (WF10). Further genetic modifications were introduced into the PB1 gene to enhance the attenuated (att) phenotype of the virus in vivo. Using the att WF10 as a backbone, we substituted neuraminidase (NA) for hemagglutinin (HA) for vaccine purposes. In chickens, a vaccination scheme consisting of a single dose of an att H7N2 vaccine virus at 2 weeks of age and subsequent challenge with the wild-type H7N2 LPAI virus resulted in complete protection. We further extended our vaccination strategy against the HPAI H5N1. In this case, we reconstituted an att H5N1 vaccine virus, whose HA and NA genes were derived from an Asian H5N1 virus. A single-dose immunization in ovo with the att H5N1 vaccine virus in 18-day-old chicken embryos resulted in more than 60% protection for 4-week-old chickens and 100% protection for 9- to 12-week-old chickens. Boosting at 2 weeks posthatching provided 100% protection against challenge with the HPAI H5N1 virus for chickens as young as 4 weeks old, with undetectable virus shedding postchallenge. Our results highlight the potential of live att avian influenza vaccines for mass vaccination in poultry.

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PREDAC-H5: A user-friendly tool for the automated surveillance of antigenic variants for the HPAI H5N1 virus

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 62-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Honglei Li ◽

Yousong Peng ◽

Yuanqiang Zou ◽

Zechi Huang ◽

Aiping Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

H5n1 Virus ◽

Hpai H5n1 ◽

Automated Surveillance ◽

User Friendly

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Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Virus Isolated from Diseased Ostriches (Struthio camelus) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Avian Diseases ◽

10.1637/10723-111813-resnote.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 309-312

Author(s):

Mahmoud Moussa Ismail ◽

I. M. El-Sabagh ◽

Abdul-Rahman Al-Ankari

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Struthio Camelus ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Avian Influenza H5n1 ◽

Influenza H5n1

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INFLUENZA : A COMPLETE OVERVIEW

10.36106/4802551 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Venkata dinesh kumar kandula

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

20Th Century ◽

Influenza A ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Influenza Infection ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Spanish Influenza ◽

The World ◽

Large Outbreak ◽

Hpai H5n1

● At first haemophilus influenza was considered as the causative agent for influenza but after the research it has been found that it caused various other types of infections but not influenza. Influenza was caused by some flu virus which was first isolated from pigs in 1931 and from humans in 1933.(4) ● The 1918 influenza pandemic was the most severe pandemic in recent history it was caused by an H1N1 virus with the genes of avian origin although there is not universal consensus regarding where the virus originated it spread worldwide during 1918 and 1919. (3) ● It was first identified in military personnel in spring 1980 it is estimated that about 500 million people or one third of the world's population became infected with this virus.(3) ● The number of deaths was estimated to be at least 50 million worldwide with about 6,75,000 deaths occurring in the United States. (3) ● Mortality was high in people younger than five years old ,20 to 40 years old and in 65 years and older. The high mortality in healthy people including those in the 20 to 40 year age group was a unique feature of this pandemic. (3) ● There was no vaccine to protect against influenza infection and no antibiotics to treat secondary bacterial infections that can be associated with influenza infection control efforts worldwide were limited to non-pharmaceutical intervention such as isolation quarantine good personal hygiene use of disinfectants and limitations of public gathering which were applied unevenly.(3) ● In the northern and southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in the winter while around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year .In the northern and southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in the winter while around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year.(7) ● In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred Spanish influenza in 1918 where the death toll ranged from 17- 200 million deaths, Asian influenza in 1957- 2 million deaths and Hong Kong influenza in 1968 -1 million deaths. ● The world health organisation declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A or H1N1 to be a pandemic in June 2009. ● influenza may also affect other animals including pig horses and birds.(9) ● The name “influenza” originated in 15th century Italy, from an epidemic attributed to “influence of the stars.” The first pandemic that fits the description of influenza was in 1580. At least four pandemics of influenza occurred in the 19th century, and three occurred in the 20th century. The pandemic of “Spanish” influenza in 1918–1919 caused an estimated 21 million deaths worldwide. The first pandemic of the 21st century occurred in 2009–2010. Historically, influenza viruses of three HA subtypes (H1, H2 and H3) have acquired the ability to be transmitted efficiently between humans. Currently, influenza viruses of the H1 and H3 subtype co-circulate in humans, however influenza viruses of the H2, H5, H6, H7 and H9 subtype are also considered to represent a pandemic threat. In 1997, a large outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in poultry in Hong Kong resulted in the first documented cases of direct transmission of HPAI H5N1 virus from poultry to humans, with a fatal outcome in 6 out of 18 cases [17]. As a result, this outbreak warranted the mass culling of 1.5 million chickens. In 2003, a large outbreak of an HPAI H7N7 virus in poultry in the Netherlands resulted in 89 cases of human infections, one of which was fatal [21]. HPAI H7N7 virus displayed an unusual tissue tropism; the virus targeted the conjunctiva, resulting in conjunctivitis, a symptom rarely reported for other influenza virus subtypes.(1)

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Investigating the endemic presence and persistence of HPAI H5N1 virus on Java, Indonesia

10.22541/au.159164074.44445502 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M Hidayat ◽

Ayu Madri Dewi ◽

Luuk Schoonman ◽

Hendra Wibawa ◽

Elly Puspasari Lubis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

H5n1 Virus ◽

Hpai H5n1

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Mutations in the haemagglutinin protein and their effect in transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in sub-optimally vaccinated chickens

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (46) ◽

pp. 5512-5518 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ioannis Sitaras ◽

Xanthoula Rousou ◽

Ben Peeters ◽

Mart C.M. de Jong

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Hpai H5n1

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Predominance and geo-mapping of avian influenza H5N1 in poultry sectors in Egypt

Geospatial health ◽

10.4081/gh.2016.492 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdelsatar Arafa ◽

Ihab El-Masry ◽

Shereen Khoulosy ◽

Mohammed K. Hassan ◽

Moussa Soliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

H5n1 Virus ◽

Nile Delta ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Virus Transmission ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Individual Species ◽

Hpai H5n1

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype has been enzootic in the Egyptian poultry with significant human infections since 2008. This work evaluates the epidemiological and virological information from February 2006 to May 2015 in spatial and temporal terms. Only data with confirmed HPAI H5N1 sub-type were collected, and matched with the epidemiological data from various spatially and temporally-dispersed surveillances implemented between 2006 and 2015. Spatio-temporal analysis was conducted on a total of 3338 confirmed H5N1 HPAI poultry disease outbreaks and outputs described based on transmission patterns, poultry species, production types affected, trade, geographic and temporal distributions in Egypt. The H5N1 virus persists in the Egyptian poultry displaying a seasonal pattern with peak prevalence between January and March. There was no specific geographic pattern, but chickens and ducks were more affected. However, relatively higher disease incidences were recorded in the Nile Delta. Phylogenetic studies of the <em>haemagglutinin</em> gene sequences of H5N1 viruses indicated that multiple clusters circulated between 2006 and 2015, with significant deviations in circulation. Epidemiological dynamics of HPAI has changed with the origins of majority of outbreaks shifted to household poultry. The persistence of HPAI H5N1 in poultry with recurrent and sporadic infections in humans can influence virus evolution spatio-temporally. Household poultry plays significant roles in the H5N1 virus transmission to poultry and humans, but the role of commercial poultry needs further clarifications. While poultry trading supports the persistence and transmission of H5N1, the role of individual species may warrant further investigation. Surveillance activities, applying a multi-sectoral approach, are recommended.

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