scholarly journals Laterally applied single bone plate option for fixation of complete diaphyseal fracture of a third metatarsal bone in a circus work pony

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Isabel Dias ◽  
Lus Maia ◽  
Miguel Quaresma ◽  
Mario Cotovio ◽  
Filipe Silva
Keyword(s):  
Metatarsal Bone ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Diaphyseal Fracture ◽  
Single Bone

Cranial vault growth in craniosynostosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnny B. Delashaw ◽  
John A. Persing ◽  
William C. Broaddus ◽  
John A. Jane
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Cranial Vault ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suture Closure ◽  
Single Bone ◽  
Bone Deposition ◽  
Single Suture

✓ Skull growth after single suture closure was described in 1851 by Virchow, who noted that growth in the plane perpendicular to a fused suture was restricted. However, this observation failed to predict compensatory growth patterns that produce many of the deformities recognized as features of individual syndromes. The deformities resulting from premature closure of a coronal, sagittal, metopic, or lambdoid suture can be predicted on the basis of the following observations: 1) cranial vault bones that are prematurely fused secondary to single suture closure act as a single bone plate with decreased growth potential; 2) asymmetrical bone deposition occurs mainly at perimeter sutures, with increased bone deposition directed away from the bone plate; 3) sutures adjacent to the prematurely fused suture compensate in growth more than those sutures not contiguous with the closed suture; and 4) enhanced symmetrical bone deposition occurs along both sides of a non-perimeter suture that is a continuation of the prematurely closed suture. These observations regarding growth in craniosynostosis are illustrated with clinical material in this report.

Morphometric Studies on The Tarsal Bones of Blue Bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Bharti ◽  
Ishwer Singh ◽  
Balwinder Singh Dhote ◽  
Om Prakash Choudhary ◽  
Meena Mrigesh
Keyword(s):  
Average Height ◽  
Internal Part ◽  
Tarsal Bones ◽  
Single Bone

A study was carried out on the tarsal bones of blue bull. The tarsus of blue bull consisted of five bones i.e., tibial tarsal (Astragalus), fibular tarsal (Oscalcis), fused central and fourth tarsal (Scaphocuboid), first tarsal (Cunciformparvum) and second and third tarsal fused (Cuseiform magnum).The average height and breadth of tibial tarsal was 6.81±0.01 cm and 3.84±0.01 cm, respectively. The fibular tarsal was the longest, elongated bone of the tarsus and flattened from side to side with an average height and breadth 12.00±0.01 cm and 3.72±0.01 cm, respectively. The central and the fourth tarsalswere fused together to form a large single bone. The average height and breadth for central and fourth fused tarsal was 2.54±0.01 cm and 5.11±0.01 cm, respectively. The first tarsal was a quadrilateral piece of bone placed at the postero-internal part of the tarsus. The length and maximum breadth of first tarsal was 2.14±0.01 cm and 3.32±0.01 cm, respectively. The second and third fused tarsal was a small plate of bone having length and breadth of second and third fused tarsal 1.68±0.01 cm and 3.34±0.01 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Single-bone versus both-bone plating of unstable paediatric both-bone forearm fractures. A randomized controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Khaled ◽  
Amr A. Fadle ◽  
Ahmed Khalil Attia ◽  
Andrew Sami ◽  
Abdelkhalek Hafez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Forearm Fractures ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Fracture Union ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Bone Fixation ◽  
Fixation Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Bone

Abstract Purpose This clinical trial compares the functional and radiological outcomes of single-bone fixation to both-bone fixation of unstable paediatric both-bone forearm fractures. Methods This individually randomized two-group parallel clinical trial was performed following the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement at a single academic tertiary medical centre with an established paediatric orthopaedics unit. All children aged between nine and 15 years who presented to the emergency department at Assiut university with unstable diaphyseal, both-bone forearm fractures requiring surgical intervention between November 1, 2018, and February 28, 2020, were screened for eligibility against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were diaphyseal unstable fractures defined as shaft fractures between the distal and proximal metaphyses with an angulation of > 10°, and/or malrotation of > 30°, and/or displacement > 10 mm after attempted closed reduction. Exclusion criteria included open fractures, Galeazzi fractures, Monteggia fractures, radial head fractures, and associated neurovascular injuries. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to either the single-bone fixation group (intervention) or the both-bone fixation group (control). Primary outcomes were forearm range of motion and fracture union, while secondary outcomes were forearm function (price criteria), radius re-angulation, wrist and elbow range of motion, and surgical time Results A total of 50 children were included. Out of these 50 children, 25 were randomized to either arm of the study. All children in either group received the treatment assigned by randomization. Fifty (100%) children were available for final follow-up at six months post-operatively. The mean age of single-bone and both-bone fixation groups was 11.48 ± 1.93 and 13 ± 1.75 years, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.006). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, laterality, affection of the dominant hand, or mode of trauma between single-bone and both-bone fixation groups. All patients in both groups achieved fracture union. There mean radius re-angulation of the single-bone fixation groups was 5.36 ± 4.39 (0–20) degrees, while there was no radius re-angulation in the both-bone fixation group, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). The time to union in the single-bone group was 6.28 ± 1.51 weeks, while the time to union in the both-bone fixation group was 6.64 ± 1.75 weeks, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.44). There were no infections or refractures in either group. In the single-bone fixation group, 24 (96%) patients have regained their full forearm ROM (loss of ROM < 15°), while only one (4%) patient lost between 15 and 30° of ROM. In the both-bone fixation group, 23 (92%) patients have regained their full forearm ROM (loss of ROM < 15°), while only two (8%) patients lost between 15 and 30° of ROM. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in loss of forearm ROM (p = 0.55). All patients in both groups regained full ROM of their elbow and wrist joints. On price grading, 24 (96%) and 23 (92%) patients who underwent single bone fixation and both-bone fixation scored excellent, respectively. Only one (4%) patient in the single-bone fixation group and two (8%) patients in the both-bone fixation group scored good, with no statistically significant difference in price score between groups (p = 0.49). The majority of the patients from both groups had no pain on the numerical pain scale; 22 (88%) patients in the single-bone fixation group and 21 (84%) patients in the both-bone fixation groups, with no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.38). The single-bone fixation group had a significantly shorter mean operative time in comparison to both-bones plating (43.60 ± 6.21 vs. 88.60 ± 10.56 (min); p < 0.001). Conclusion Single-bone ulna open reduction and plate fixation and casting are safe and had a significantly shorter operative time than both-bone fixation. However, single-bone ORIF had a higher risk radius re-angulation, alas clinically acceptable. Both groups had equally excellent functional outcomes, forearm ROM, and union rates with no complications or refractures. Long-term studies are required.

Culture Concordance in Different Sections of the Metatarsal Head: Interpretations of Microbiological Results

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110037
Author(s):  
Raul Juan Molines-Barroso ◽  
Esther García-Morales ◽  
David Sevillano-Fernández ◽  
Yolanda García-Álvarez ◽  
Francisco J. Álvaro-Afonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Metatarsal Bone ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Metatarsal Bones ◽  
Bone Biopsies

Microbiological cultures of per-wound bone biopsies have shown a lack of correlation and a high rate of false-negative results when compared with bone biopsy cultures in diabetic foot osteomyelitis. The selection of samples from the area of active osteomyelitis, which contains a complete census of the microorganisms responsible for the infection, is essential to properly guide antimicrobial treatment. We aimed to comparatively evaluate the quantitative and qualitative cultures taken from different areas, in metatarsal heads resected for osteomyelitis. For this purpose, we consecutively selected 13 metatarsal heads from 12 outpatients with plantar ulcers admitted to our diabetic foot unit. Metatarsal heads were divided transversally into 3 portions: plantar (A), central (B), and dorsal (C), and the 39 resulting samples were cultured. Qualitative and quantitative microbiological analysis was performed, and the isolated species and bacterial load, total and species specific, were compared between the 3 metatarsal bone segments. The primary outcome of the study was the bacterial diversity detected in the different bone sections. Cultures were positive in 12 of the 13 included metatarsal heads (92%). A total of 34 organisms were isolated from all specimens. Ten of the 12 cultures (83%) were polymicrobial. Ten of the 13 metatarsal heads (77%) had identical microbiological results in each of the 3 bone sections. The largest number of microorganisms was found in the central section. The overall concordance between sections was 91%. The predominant microorganisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (41%). Statistical differences were not found in the bioburden between sections (range 3.25-3.41 log10 colony-forming unit/g for all sections; P = .511). The results of our study suggest that microorganisms exhibit a high tendency to spread along the metatarsal bone and that the degree of progression along the bone is species dependent. The central portions of metatarsal bones tend to accumulate a higher diversity of species. Thus, we recommend this area of bone for targeted biopsy in patients with suspected osteomyelitis.

A retrospective study of advancement genioplasty using a special bone plate

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Elias DeFreitas ◽  
Edward Ellis ◽  
Douglas P. Sinn
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Bone Plate

On the functions of the membrana tympani, the ossicles and muscles of the tympanum, and of the eustachian tube in the human ear, with an account of the muscles of the eustachian tube and their action in different classes of animals

1854 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Anterior Extremity ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Tensor Tympani Muscle ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Single Bone

The author commences his paper by making some observations on the general arrangements of the ossicula auditûs . The malleus and incus being firmly connected together by ligaments, are considered as a single bone, forming an elastic arch, the anterior extremity of which is firmly attached to the Glasserian fissure, the posterior to the anterior part of the mastoid cells. This arch is kept steady by the actions of the tensor tympani. The movement of this arch is that of rotation; and it is effected by the tensor tympani muscle. When this muscle contracts, the lower part of the arch, consisting of the handle of the malleus and the long process of the incus, is drawn inwards; by this action the membrana tympani is rendered tense, and the stapes being pressed towards the cavity of the labyrinth, the fluid in the latter is compressed.

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