scholarly journals Between East and West: Armorica and the European Bronze and Iron Ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Patrick Galliou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Dead End ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Liquid Wall

As one of the peripheral regions of Europe, the Armorican peninsula is often believed to have been a cultural backwater, one that was hardly ever reached by the major cultural and technological changes taking place in late prehistoric continental cultures. For people living away from the ocean, the latter is often seen as an obscure threat, an awful obstacle, a liquid wall isolating continental masses and cultures from one another. However, the ocean was always used as a passageway, a link between peoples, and, later regions bordering the Atlantic, from the south of the Iberian Peninsula to the North Sea (Cunliffe 2001: 21–63). In this vast sea-space, the Armorican peninsula, situated at the articulation between two maritime zones — the Bay of Biscay to the south, the Irish Sea and the English Channel to the north — was a place where various cultural influences would come into contact and thrive. Far from being a dead end, it was perfectly integrated, during the various phases of its long history, in the major cultural and technological currents running along the western façade of Europe.

scholarly journals A Note on the Water Movements in the English Channel and Neighbouring Seas, considered on the Basis of Salinity Distribution.

1925 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Lumby
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Southern Bight ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
The Irish Sea

Comparison of the conceptions which have hitherto been held in regard to the hydrography of the English Channel with those which are offered as a result of the recent activities of the Atlantic Slope Committee, shows that a difference exists which, in the writer's opinion, lies in the interpretation of the material, rather than in the fundamental differences in the material itself. For example, it is stated that the physical character of the water in the English Channel is conditioned, especially in the summer months, by that of the North Sea water rather than by that of the Atlantic water. “En plein été, en août, les eaux chaudes de la mer du Nord affluent dans la Manche.” A similar regimen is suggested for the waters of the Irish Sea, which are said to be derived from the northward. Carruthers shows that the normal water movement in the eastern part of the English Channel is through Dover Straits into the Southern Bight, this movement appearing to be more persistent along the bottom than on the surface. Furthermore, one of the two months in which reversal of this direction appears least likely to occur is August.

Histriobdella homari on nephrops norvegicus from the irish sea and clyde sea area

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Briggs ◽  
R.J.A. Atkinson ◽  
M. McAliskey ◽  
A. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Nephrops Norvegicus ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

Histriobdella homari is a polychaete annelid belonging to the Order Eunicida and Family Histriobdellidae. Histriobdella homari is normally found in the gill chambers or among the eggs of the lobster Homarus vulgaris from the English Channel (Roscoff) and in the southwestern part of the North Sea (George & Hartmann-Schroder, 1985). Two independent sightings of H. homari living on the pleopods of Nephrops norvegicus from the Irish Sea and Clyde Sea area are reported.

Population dispersal in the brittle-star Ophiocomina nigra (Abildgaard) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Wilson ◽  
N. A. Holme ◽  
R. L. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Cook Strait ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

A number of species of ophiuroid are known to occur in dense clusters on the sea-bed. Aggregations of Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) have been recorded from the English Channel by Allen (1899), Vevers (1951, 1952), Barnes (1955), Ancellin (1957), Cabioch (1961, 1967, 1968), Holme (1966), Warner (1969, 1971), and by Allain (1974). Beds of the same species have been found in the Irish Sea by Jones (1951) and by Brun (1969), on the west coast of Ireland by Könnecker & Keegan (1973) and Keegan (1974), and on the west coast of Scotland, where it is widespread in sea lochs and elsewhere around the coast (McIntyre, 1956, and personal communication, 1975). Records of Ophiothrix fragilis from the North Sea have been summarized by Ursin (1960). In the Mediterranean, aggregations of Ophiothrix quinquemaculata (D.Ch.) have been described by Guille (1964, 1965) from off the south coast of France, and by Czihak (1959) from the Adriatic. Hurley (1959) gives underwater photographs of Ophiocomina bollonsi Farquhar from the Cook Strait, New Zealand. Further examples of aggregation in ophiuroids and other echinoderms are cited by Reese (1966), Mileykovskiy (1967) and by Warner (1978).

scholarly journals The principal constituent of the tides in the English and Irish channels

1933 ◽  
Vol 231 (694-706) ◽  
pp. 29-53 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Dynamical Equations ◽  
Small Curvature ◽  
The North ◽  
Degree Of Separation ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

1. A chart of co-tidal and co-range lines for the North Sea was prepared at the Tidal Institute in the year 1923, and the methods then used have now been further developed and improved and applied to the English Channel, the Irish Sea, and their approaches. The methods used depend largely upon the known dynamical equations connecting the currents with the gradients of the elevations. If any assumption be made as to the values of the range of tide and the relative phases of the elevation and currents, then we can deduce from this information at one station, not only the directions of the co-tidal and co-range lines at that point, but also the degree of separation of the lines for any given unit of phase or range. This criterion, applied to speculative charts hitherto published, suffices at once either to verify or to condemn the charts. Again, without any assumptions at all, from the gradients at a number of stations on a line of small curvature, starting at a point at which the elevation is known, the elevations at all points along the line can be computed by simple methods of numerical integration.

The medieval cultures of the Irish sea and the North Sea: Manannan and his neighbors [Book Review]

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
John Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

Review(s) of: The medieval cultures of the Irish sea and the North Sea: Manannan and his neighbors, by MacQuarrie, Charles W., and Nagy, Joseph Falaky Nagy (eds), (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019) hardcover, 212 pages, 1 map, 4 figures, RRP euro99; ISBN 9789462989399.

XI.—The Glaciation of Holyhead Mountain

1904 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
Edward Greenly
Keyword(s):  
Irish Sea ◽  
General Level ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The North ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
North And South ◽  
Sea Cliffs

The bare and rocky hill known as Holyhead Mountain is of considerable interest in connection with recent geological events, standing as it does some thirty miles out from the highlands of Carnarvonshire into the Irish Sea Basin; and in such remarkable isolation, for it is much the highest of the five hills which rise above the general level of the platform of Anglesey.Its height is only 721 feet, but so strongly featured is it, especially towards the west, that one feels the term ‘mountain’ to be no misnomer, and can hardly believe it to be really lower than many of our smooth wolds and downs of Oolite and Chalk. Being composed, moreover, of white quartzite (or more properly of quartzite-schist), and being so bare of vegetation, it recalls much more vividly certain types of scenery in the Scottish Highlands than anything in those Welsh mountains that one sees from its sides. Towards the east it slopes at a moderate angle, but a little west of the summit it is traversed by a very strong feature, due to a fault, running nearly north and south, along which is a line of great crags, facing west, and prolonged northwards into the still greater sea cliffs towards the North Stack. Beyond this the land still remains high, but is smoother in outline, a somewhat softer series of rocks extending from the fault to the South Stack, where the high moors end off in great cliffs above the sea.

scholarly journals Age composition, growth, movements, meristics and parasites of the whiting, Merlangius merlangus, in the Severn Estuary and Bristol Channel

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Potter ◽  
D. C. Gardner ◽  
P. N. Claridge
Keyword(s):  
Irish Sea ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Severn Estuary ◽  
Main Site ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
Merlangius Merlangus ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Copepod Parasites

Samples collected from power station intake screens between 1972 and 1977 have been used to study aspects of the biology of the whiting in the Severn Estuary and Bristol Channel. 0+ whiting generally started appearing in the inner estuary in July, at which time their standard length was at least 38 mm. Their numbers peaked in October and subsequently declined particularly rapidly during the wet winter of 1976/7 when salinities were frequently below 10‰. The size of 0+ whiting in the late autumn and early winter was generally less in the shallows of the Inner Severn Estuary than in neighbouring deeper waters and in the Inner Bristol Channel. Growth rates of 0 + whiting fell within the range of those recorded for the North Sea, but below those generally found in inshore waters and sea lochs on the west coast of Scotland. Following their immigration into inshore waters in the Bristol Channel and Inner Severn Estuary, young whiting became infected with the copepod parasites Lernaeocera branchialis and Clavella adunca and the metacercariae of the heterophyid digenean Cryptocotyle lingua. Prevalence of infection was less in 0+ than older fish and infection by L. branchialis caused a significant decline in condition. As whiting became larger, the main site of attachment of Clavella adunca changed gradually from the wall of the branchial chamber to the primary rakers of the first gill arch. Vertebral counts suggest that the whiting which enter the Inner Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary are not representatives of the populations found in the Irish Sea.

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