scholarly journals Syllabic Consonants in Slavic and Celtic Languages: The Mechanism of Element Extension

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Anna Bloch-Rozmej ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Celtic Languages ◽  
Government Phonology ◽  
Specific Proposal

This paper addresses the problem of the syllabic consonants in the selected Slavic and Celtic languages. We shall consider this issue through the optic of Government Phonology (henceforth GP), as defined e.g. in Harris 1994, Cyran 2003 and Gussmann 2007. Within the framework of GP, the phonological structure of morphemes is constructed in terms of the licensing and governing relations between adjacent skeletal positions – the timing slots. The prosodic positions are then projected onto the syllabic constituents of nuclei (the heads of rhymes) and onsets. In such configurations, onsets are always dependent on their nuclear licensers. A specific proposal advocated in this presentation is that onset-nucleus domains are not only licensing domains but they also constitute the so-called extension domains. It will be further maintained that the phenomenon of the syllabic consonants can be analyzed in terms of segment extension occurring within such onset-nucleus extension domains. It will be demonstrated that this solution effectively accounts for the relevant linguistic facts attested to in Polish, Czech, Slovak or Serbo-Croatian. In our analysis, the distinction between the syllabic and trapped consonants will be adopted which, as will be proposed, derives from different lexical structures of either type. Apart from the available dictionary entries, we shall rely on the data provided by Scheer (2003), Dalewska-Greń (2002) and Rubach (1997). The evidence concerning the behavior of the syllabic consonants in the Slavic languages will also be compared to the Irish situation. It will be proposed that the observable differences are contingent on both structural representations and different parameter settings in the languages under discussion.

scholarly journals Singulatives in Modern Celtic and Slavic Languages: Evidence from Welsh and Sorbian

2015 ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Sabine Asmus ◽  
◽  
Eduard Werner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Slavic Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Linguistic Strategies ◽  
Celtic Languages ◽  
Old Greek

The existence of a singulative, i.e. a marked secondary singular inflection, is cross-linguistically relatively widespread and a number of linguistic strategies are commonly employed to express it (cf. the Bantu language Swahili, Insular Celtic, or Slavic). While various studies have addressed the singulative in non-Indo-European languages or discuss them adequately in grammar books, little work has been done on the singulative in any living Indo-European (IE) language. This is unfortunate, because in the modern p-Celtic languages the use of diminutive formants in order to form a secondary singular, i.e. a singulative, is quite productive, in particular in Welsh, Breton and Cornish. Through examination of evidence from Slavic languages, in particular Sorbian, a possible development of the singulative in both p-Celtic and Slavic is proposed below. Although not as productive as in the p-Celtic languages, clear traces of similar formations of the singulative can still be discerned in particular in Upper and Lower Sorbian and also survive in other Slavic languages. In addition, such a derivation pattern or the singulative is suggested for Old Greek below and it is suggested that singulatives were much more common in proto-IE. However, it is not claimed that this approach explains all diminutive or singularisation processes in the languages under discussion.

scholarly journals Direct Object Double Marking in Celtic and South Slavic Languages: Preliminary Remarks

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Elena Parina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Object ◽  
The South ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Celtic Languages ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Middle Irish

The phenomenon of pronominal reprise has been extensively studied in French and Spanish, languages of the Balkan Sprachbund and in Modern Welsh. In some of those languages this feature has been claimed to be specific for oral speech (for French see [Lambrecht 1981], Bulgarian [Lopashov 1978: 28], Welsh [Rowlands 1981: 424ff.]). In our paper we shall analyze how the South Slavic languages (Bulgarian and Macedonian) and the Celtic languages (Middle and Modern Welsh, and Middle Irish) vary as regards constructions they allow, the frequency of these constructions and their semantics. In this abstract we concentrate on Middle Welsh comparing it to Bulgarian. The pronominal reprise (i.e. the co-occurence within the same clause boundary of both a full NP/pronominal and a clitic replica [Dimitrova-Vulchanova 83]) in Bulgarian is obligatory only in a small numbers of contexts, and has often a semantics of contrast or emphasis: Мене ме мама не дава ‘Mother does not give me’ [de Bray 1951: 206]. This situation reminds us about the use of affixed pronouns in Welsh: Pwy bynnac a ’m metrei i yuelly… (PKM 87.2-3) ‘Whoever should smite me when so…’ T. Arwyn Watkins wrote that the difference in the usage of affixed pronouns strikingly reflects the gap between spoken and literary Welsh [Watkins 1977-8: 349]. Prof. Pr. MacCana noticed that this discrepancy might go back to Middle Welsh and noted a tendency for a more frequent usage of affixed pronouns in PKM dialogs in [MacCana 1975-6: 323]. Having analysed all the examples of affixed pronoun usage in PKM we could now refine this statement. Affixed pronouns are more frequently used in 1-2 persons also with possessive pronouns and personal endings of the inflected prepositions. It should be noted that this tendency is true also for MIr. notae augentes, but not for the Modern Welsh affixed pronouns.

Emergent Literacy in Spanish-Speaking Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Preliminary Findings of Delays in Comprehension- and Code-Related Skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 4193-4207
Author(s):  
Amy S. Pratt ◽  
John A. Grinstead ◽  
Rebecca J. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Emergent Literacy ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Writing Ability ◽  
Transparent Orthography ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Phonological Structure ◽  
Name Writing

Purpose This exploratory study describes the emergent literacy skills of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) who speak Spanish, a language with a simple phonological structure and transparent orthography. We examine differences between children with DLD and their typically developing (TD) peers on a battery of emergent literacy measures. Method Participants included 15 monolingual Spanish-speaking children with DLD (who did not present with cognitive difficulties) and 15 TD controls matched for age, gender, and socioeconomic status, ranging in age from 3;10 to 6;6 (years;months; M age = 4;11). All children completed a battery of comprehension-related emergent literacy tasks (narrative retell, print concept knowledge) and code-related emergent literacy tasks (beginning sound, rhyming awareness, alphabet knowledge, and name-writing ability). Results On average, children with DLD performed significantly worse than TD controls on a battery of comprehension- and code-related emergent literacy measures. On all code-related skills except rhyming, children with DLD were more likely than their TD peers to score “at risk.” Conclusions The results suggest some universality in the effect of DLD on reading development. Difficulties with emergent literacy that are widely documented in English-speaking children with DLD were similarly observed in Spanish-speaking children with DLD. Future research should explore long-term reading outcomes in Spanish for children with DLD.

Tense? (Re)lax!

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Markus A. Pöchtrager
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Government Phonology ◽  
Vowel Height

AbstractThis article looks at what is referred to as the tense/lax contrast in English and proposes that members of the two sets of vowel have the same basic structure but differ in how part of that structure is made use of by its neighbours. The proposal forms part of a general theory of the representation of vowel height within the framework of Government Phonology 2.0.

LANGUAGE SYSTEM IN THE GENETIC LANGUAGE SCIENCE OF THE 70-s IN THE 19TH — BEGINNING OF THE 20TH cc.: O. POTEBNIA’S CONCEPT OF «QUANTITATIVE CHANGES OF CONSONANTS»

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (30) ◽  
pp. 152-165
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Sviatchenko
Keyword(s):  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Speech Stream ◽  
Language System ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Language History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Systemic Nature

The article provides a thorough account on A. A. Potebnia’s views on the systemic nature of the language presented in his works on historical phonetics of the Eastern Slavic languages. The practical implementation of his ideas in this respect is studied. The comprehension of the systemic character of phonetic changes of the Khrakiv linguistic school representative has urged the search of their interrelations as well as the attempt to identify homogeneous phonetic laws that share a common cause and act in a certain period of the language history, which is emphasized by the author of the article. It is noted that A. A. Potebnia focused on consonant changes that took place in different conditions. The causes of phonetic laws mentioned in the article can not be reduced to the interaction of sounds in a speech stream, the material provided by A. A. Potebnia proves that they are to be found within the phonetic system itself. The author of the article shares the views of V. A. Glushchenko that Potebnia’s investigations embrace all phonetic laws in the history of the Eastern Slavic languages’ consonant systems. The relevance of Potebnia’s research on the systemic nature of the language that has retained their value for the linguistics of the XX — beginning of XXI century is identified.

The Ukrainian language: origin, developmentand present-day situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Olesja Sydorenko ◽  
Lubov Matsko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Language Origin ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Language Problems

The article highlights the milestones in the development of the Ukrainian language and discusses the current trends observed mainly in the lexical sub-system as one of the first to reflect social, economic, and political changes in the life of any society. We also present main distinctives features of Ukrainian as one of the Slavic languages and discuss selected aspects of the sociolinguistic situation in Ukraine, as well as the language problems of the Ukrainian diaspora that tries to find a balance between adaptation, blending in the environment and preserving one’s identity. The study of changes in the lexical sub-system of Ukrainian from the break of the Soviet Union to the present day gives an excellent opportunity to reveal the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as the emergence of new realities and certain looseness of speech caused by a sense of freedom in the new society on the enrichment of the general vocabulary with revived words, borrowings, and derivatives, significant changes in onomastics in connection with decommunization.

Young Scholars Conference “Slavic World: Commonality and Diversity”. 21–22 May 2019. Session “Linguistics”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Sergej A. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

For more than twenty years, the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrates the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture with a traditional scholarly conference.”. Since 2014, it has been held in the young scholars’ format. In 2019, participants from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Togliatti, Tyumen, Yekaterinburg, and Rostov-on-Don, as well as Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania continued this tradition. A wide range of problems related to the history of the Slavic peoples from the Middle Ages to the present time in the national, regional and international context were discussed again. Participants talked about the typology of Slavic languages and dialects, linguo-geography, socio- and ethnolinguistics, analyzed formation, development, current state, and prospects of Slavic literatures, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document