Scope and Scale of Technology Challenge and MNE Knowledge Sourcing in Host Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 11407
Author(s):  
Michael Murphree ◽  
Bui K. Petersen ◽  
Peter Warrian ◽  
Ray Gosine
Keyword(s):  
Host Countries ◽  
Knowledge Sourcing

Syrian Crisis and Migration

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Yazgan ◽  
Deniz Eroglu Utku ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Europe Today ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

With the growing insurrections in Syria in 2011, an exodus in large numbers have emerged. The turmoil and violence have caused mass migration to destinations both within the region and beyond. The current "refugee crisis" has escalated sharply and its impact is widening from neighbouring countries toward Europe. Today, the Syrian crisis is the major cause for an increase in displacement and the resultant dire humanitarian situation in the region. Since the conflict shows no signs of abating in the near future, there is a constant increase in the number of Syrians fleeing their homes. However, questions on the future impact of the Syrian crisis on the scope and scale of this human mobility are still to be answered. As the impact of the Syrian crisis on host countries increases, so does the demand for the analyses of the needs for development and protection in these countries. In this special issue, we aim to bring together a number of studies examining and discussing human mobility in relation to the Syrian crisis.

Embracing Complexity: Diaspora Politics as a Co-Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Élise Féron
Keyword(s):  
Host Countries ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Diaspora Politics

Building on cases of conflict-generated diaspora groups, the article proposes to understand diaspora politics as a co-construction between a series of actors that is not limited to home and host states. It argues that repeated attempts to understand diaspora politics as mostly produced by home or host countries is the result of an unwillingness to embrace the fundamentally disruptive nature of diasporas in interstate politics. Diasporas are hybrid political actors that have connections, not only with their countries of origin and of residence, but also with other diaspora groups located in the same country or elsewhere as well as with other actors at the transnational level. Taking stock of state-based approaches to diaspora politics, as well as of analyses focusing on internal diaspora matters, the article shifts the focus towards the interstate and transnational dimensions of diaspora politics and emphasises their potential to move across levels and spheres of engagement

Migration and family change in Egypt: a comparative approach to social remittances

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Gruntz ◽  
Delphine Pagès-El Karoui
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Return Policies ◽  
Social Remittances ◽  
Power Set ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
And Gender

Based on two ethnographical studies, our article explores social remittances from France and from the Gulf States, i.e. the way Egyptian migrants and returnees contribute to social change in their homeland with a focus on gender ideals and practices, as well as on the ways families cope with departure, absence and return. Policies in the home and host countries, public discourse, translocal networks, and individual locations within evolving structures of power, set the frame for an analysis of the consequences of migration in Egypt. This combination of structural factors is necessary to grasp the complex negotiations of family and gender norms, as asserted through idealized models, or enacted in daily practices in immigration and back home.

Breaking the Shackles of Gender Stereotyping to Create New Norms: The Case of Zimbabwean Migrant Women in Mthatha Town

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanction Madambi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Gender Stereotyping ◽  
Personal Agency ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Recent Case Study ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The migration of Zimbabweans into South Africa is shaped by several factors and processes. Traditionally, the decision to migrate was mostly based on family considerations (where gender stereotypic roles were a priority), although in some cases the migrants exercised individualism and personal agency. This led to migration trends that were male dominated. Current Zimbabwean migration trends reflect large volumes of women as the socio-economic crisis forces them to leave their country. These migrant women encounter a myriad of challenges in their host countries. This paper explores Zimbabwean women’s migration to the town of Mthatha in South Africa, highlighting their challenges and the strategies they employ to overcome these, as found in a recent case study. Applying a qualitative research design and using questionnaires and interviews to gather data from the 100 purposively sampled women, the study found that many Zimbabwean migrant women in Mthatha encountered numerous challenges. They lacked the required documents to live and work in South Africa, experienced exploitation and marriage constraints, and had broken ties with their families back in Zimbabwe. According to the study, these women managed to navigate these challenges, rising above the stereotypic norms and values that used to label them as non-productive citizens to superheroes who were supporting their families and the country’s economy—thus breaking the shackles of gender stereotyping to create new norms. These findings underline the importance of shifting from the traditional approaches to women migration and pursuing perspectives that present migration as a critical component of the process of social change and development to all migrants.

The use of conceptual and categorical apparatus in the cross-national comparative researches

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Dariya Logvinova
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Social Discourses ◽  
Cross National

At the beginning of the XXI century a noticeable transformation of migration processes is observed under the influence of globalization, which effect the change of social, cultural, spiritual and economic models of different countries and world regions more and more actively. This stipulates the necessity for host countries to improve migration policies for more effective control over economic, social and cultural advantages or, vice versa, disadvantages, which international migration brings with it. Consequently, the necessity of constant examination of this problem seems logical, including the level of cross-national comparative researches, during which the study of the same phenomenon in two or more countries in various socio-cultural conditions with the usage of the same tools takes place. Taking into consideration the variable and unpredictable nature of the problem, the necessity of the stable basis for such researches is transparent, first of all, the need of permanent generally accepted and used conceptual and categorical apparatus, which predetermines primary importance of the research of this apparatus in the field of migration; in this context, the analysis of using of the terms “migrant” and “ethnic minority” in the scientific political and social discourses of such countries, as Canada, Great Britain and Germany is given in the case of this article. Keywords: Migration, migrant, ethnic minority, cross-national comparative researches, conceptual and categorical apparatus

FDI, Industrialization, and Development

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akyüz
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
International Investors

Superior technology and management skills of transnational corporations (TNCs) can bring significant benefits to EDEs. However, they cannot be expected to pass willingly the competencies that bring them competitive advantages or act with a developmental perspective and help build potentially efficient local industries. Their contribution to industrialization and development depends very much on deliberate policies of host countries. Lessons from experience suggest that successful examples are found not among EDEs that attracted more FDI, but among those which used it effectively in the context of national industrial policy. However, the past two decades have seen a rapid erosion of policy space in EDEs as a result of bilateral investment treaties signed with more advanced economies, allowing significant leverage to international investors. There is a strong case for renegotiating or terminating them since they greatly compromise the ability of EDEs to benefit from FDI for industrialization and development.

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