Migration and family change in Egypt: a comparative approach to social remittances

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Gruntz ◽  
Delphine Pagès-El Karoui
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Return Policies ◽  
Social Remittances ◽  
Power Set ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
And Gender

Based on two ethnographical studies, our article explores social remittances from France and from the Gulf States, i.e. the way Egyptian migrants and returnees contribute to social change in their homeland with a focus on gender ideals and practices, as well as on the ways families cope with departure, absence and return. Policies in the home and host countries, public discourse, translocal networks, and individual locations within evolving structures of power, set the frame for an analysis of the consequences of migration in Egypt. This combination of structural factors is necessary to grasp the complex negotiations of family and gender norms, as asserted through idealized models, or enacted in daily practices in immigration and back home.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Gender Justice in South Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-237
Author(s):  
Clint Le Bruyns
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Corporate Social

AbstractThis article critically explores the extent to which corporate social responsibility in South Africa contributes to the quest for gender justice in the world of economy. It fi nds that business has avoided the notion of responsibility in favour of investment and philanthropy, and that meaningful and constructive approaches to gender ideals have not as a result been forthcoming. e article argues for a renewed understanding of and commitment to responsibility with special attention given to underlying perspectives impeding this approach, but sees much promise in the role that churches with their theology and partners could fulfil in assisting the public discourse on women's human dignity, equality and freedom amidst various economic challenges.

scholarly journals WARTIME AND POST-WAR RAPE IN FRANCO'S SPAIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
ÁNGEL ALCALDE
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Political Repression ◽  
War Rape ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Post War ◽  
Spanish Archives

Abstract By examining the experience of rape in Spain in the 1930s and 1940s, this article explains how the Spanish Civil War and Franco's dictatorship dramatically increased the likelihood of women becoming victims of sexual assault. Contrary to what historians often assume, this phenomenon was not the result of rape being deliberately used as a ‘weapon of war’ or as a blunt method of political repression against women. The upsurge in sexual violence was a by-product of structural transformations in the wartime and dictatorial contexts, and it was the direct consequence, rather than the instrument, of the violent imposition of a fascist-inspired regime. Using archival evidence from numerous Spanish archives, the article historicizes rape in a wider cultural, legal, and social context and reveals the essential albeit ambiguous political nature of both wartime and post-war rape. The experience of rape was mostly shaped not by repression but structural factors such as ruralization and social hierarchization, demographic upheavals, exacerbation of violent masculinity models, the proliferation of weapons, and the influence of fascist and national-Catholic ideologies. Rape became an expression of the nature of power and social and gender relations in Franco's regime.

scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Alia Yunis ◽  
Dale Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Arab Media ◽  
African Cinema ◽  
Broadcast Television ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
And Gender

Abstract This special issue engages the historical and contemporary heterogeneity of the Gulf, which was a transcultural space long before the discovery of oil. Over the past two decades, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates have actively begun to harness the media’s power, while at the same time grassroots productions—online, through social media and in regional festivals—reframe assumptions about film and visual media. With resident expatriate population comprising up to 90 percent of the population in Gulf states, film and visual media complicate conventional frameworks derived from area studies, such as ‘Arab media’, ‘Middle Eastern and North African cinema’, or ‘South Asian film’. These articles also unsettle the modernist divisions of media into distinct categories, such as broadcast television and theatrical exhibition, and consider forms that move between professional and nonprofessional media, and between private and semi-public spaces, including the transmedia spaces of theme parks and shooting locations. Articles examine the subjects of early photography in Kuwait, the role of Oman TV as a broadcaster of Indian films into Pakistan, representations of disability and gender in Kuwaiti musalsalat, tribal uses of social media, and videos produced by South Asian and Southeast Asian expatriates, including second-generation expatriates.

scholarly journals Jak politycy mówią o równouprawnieniu płci? Debata nad projektem ustawy o równym statusie kobiet i mężczyzn

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Magdalena Saryusz-Wolska
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Equal Status ◽  
Basic Mode ◽  
Equality Rights ◽  
And Gender

The main purpose of the article is to analyse the language and argumentation used by Polish politicians in debates on equality and gender equality rights. The material analysed in the article includes shorthand records gathered in the internet archives of the Sejm and the Senate during legislative works on the bill on the equal status of men and women. The conclusion, drawn after the analysis, supports the initial theses of the authors (Marek Czyżewski, Sergiusz Kowalski, Andrzej Piotrowski), who claimed that the basic “mode of public discourse” in Poland is the so-called “ritual chaos”, which manifests a lack of will of agreement and ostentatious self-presentation. During the debate the MPs defined the key words such as “equality” and “parity” in various manner, they marginalised the problem of discrimination of sexes and showed a lack of professionalism in their presentations. It was surprising to see one of the strongest voices against the bill presented by the representative of the “Platforma Obywatelska”, which normally claims liberalism and equality. Meanwhile, the most rational and balanced views and arguments for equality of rights for women were presented by a representative of the “Samoobrona”.

Health and Gender in Adolescence in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Barcelos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Gender And Health ◽  
And Gender

In the United States, gender and health in adolescence are sites of contestation and conflict marked by both hyperrepresentations and absences. Youth who are multiply marginalized by interlocking systems of racism, sexism, classism, heterosexism, cissexism, ableism, and so on are overrepresented in cultural and policy domains as “at risk” for negative health outcomes. At the same time, absences surrounding young people’s complex health needs and experiences abound in schools, healthcare settings, families, and the media. For instance, debates around sex education and teen pregnancy prevention have dominated the policy landscape for decades, with no signs of receding any time soon. Missing from these debates has been an analysis of how the intersections of race, class, gender, and sexuality structure the health outcomes and educational experiences of diverse youth. Likewise, queer, transgender, and gender-expansive youth are overrepresented in discussions about bullying to the detriment of the social structural factors that produce poor mental health outcomes. Understanding how gender and health play out in the lives of adolescents, as well as at the level of social institutions and structures, is central to teasing out the dynamics of gender, health, and social inequalities.

Kant and Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-114
Author(s):  
Helga Varden
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Gendered Identities ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
And Gender

This chapter provides an interpretation of Kant’s own account of the traditional genders (man and woman) with particular attention to the historically oppressed gender (woman). I explain how Kant’s full account of human nature, including his teleological arguments, in combination with how we use the imagination aesthetically when being sexual, loving, or gendered inform his account of the traditional gender ideals of the man and the woman: the man associated with the idea of the sublime; the woman with that of the beautiful. The chapter concludes by arguing that although Kant himself failed to solve the puzzle of genders, sexual or gendered identities, and sexual orientations—including how they do not fit neatly into the two traditionally dominant categories of man and woman—his general suggestions that understanding sex, love, and gender requires appeals to embodied, social human nature, teleological judgments, and an aesthetic use of the imagination are worth exploring further.

17. Failed Democratization

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Steven Fish ◽  
Jason Wittenberg
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Established Democracies

This chapter examines key factors that lead to failed democratization. It first describes five categories of countries: established democracies, established autocracies, robust democratizers, tenuous democratizers, and failed democratizers. Using the Freedom House Index, it explains why some democratizers slid backwards while others did not. In particular, it looks at the conditions that undermine democracy and political actors, such as the chief executive, that contribute to democratization’s derailment. The chapter identifies several major structural factors that influence whether democratization succeeds fully, succeeds partially, or fails. These include poverty, a late history of national independence, a large Muslim population, economic reliance on oil and gas, and gender inequality. The chapter concludes by considering ways of reducing the hazards of democratic reversal and preventing relapses into authoritarianism, such as strengthening legislatures and curtailing executive power.

18. A Decade of Democratic Decline and Stagnation

2018 ◽  
pp. 267-282
Author(s):  
M. Steven Fish ◽  
Jason Wittenberg ◽  
Laura Jakli
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Established Democracies

This chapter examines key factors that lead to failed democratization. It first describes five categories of countries: established democracies, established autocracies, robust democratizers, tenuous democratizers, and failed democratizers. Using the Freedom House Index, it explains why some democratizers slid backwards while others did not. In particular, it looks at the conditions that undermine democracy and political actors, such as the chief executive, that contribute to democratization’s derailment. The chapter identifies several major structural factors that influence whether democratization succeeds fully, succeeds partially, or fails. These include poverty, a late history of national independence, a large Muslim population, economic reliance on oil and gas, and gender inequality. The chapter concludes by considering ways of reducing the hazards of democratic reversal and preventing relapses into authoritarianism, such as strengthening legislatures and curtailing executive power.

scholarly journals Ethnic, Religious and Gender Differences in Intragenerational Economic Mobility in England and Wales

Sociology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-903
Author(s):  
Saffron Karlsen ◽  
James Yzet Nazroo ◽  
Neil R Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Black Caribbean ◽  
Muslim People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Over Time

This study uses data from consecutive England and Wales censuses to examine the intragenerational economic mobility of individuals with different ethnicities, religions and genders between 1971 and 2011, over time and across cohorts. The findings suggest more downward and less upward mobility among Black Caribbean, Indian Sikh and Muslim people with Bangladeshi, Indian and Pakistani ethnicities, relative to white British groups, and more positive relative progress among Indian Hindu people, but also some variation in the experiences of social mobility between individuals even in the same ethnic groups. For some groups, those becoming adults or migrating to the UK since 1971 occupy an improved position compared with older or longer resident people, but this is not universal. Findings suggest that these persistent inequalities will only be effectively addressed with attention to the structural factors which disadvantage particular ethnic and religious groups, and the specific ways in which these affect women.

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