Using stable isotopes and major ions to identify recharge characteristics of the Alpine groundwater-flow dominated Triglavska Bistrica River

Triglavska Bistrica is a typical Alpine river in the north-western part of Slovenia. Its recharge area includes some of the highest peaks in the Julian Alps. The hydrogeological conditions and flow of the river depend largely on groundwater exchange between the karstified aquifer in the carbonate rocks and the intergranular aquifer in the glaciofluvial deposits. The average volume of the river flow is up to several m3/s. In this study, water samples from different locations along the river were analysed for stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen, major ions, and concentration of tritium activity. The correlation of major ions suggests that the recharge area consists of both limestone and dolomite rocks. The δ18O and δ2H values decrease downstream, implying that the average recharge elevation increases. At the downstream sampling site V-5, located approx. 300 m upstream from the confluence of the Sava Dolinka River, the calculated mean recharge altitude is estimated to be 1,996 m.

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An application of stable isotope techniques for the investigation of geographic origin of water–investigation of the Mareza Spring near Podgorica (Montenegro)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-18220 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Milan Radulovic ◽

Micha Horacek ◽

Goran Sekulic ◽

Ivana Ćipranić ◽

Slobodan Živaljević ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotopes ◽

Surface Water ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Recharge Area ◽

Altitude Effect ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Karst Terrains ◽

North Western ◽

Study Monitoring

Mareza Spring is used for the water supply of Podgorica (capital of Montenegro) since over 70 years. It is located in the central part of Montenegro in the north-western part of Podgorica Valley. The recharge area and origin of groundwater of this karstic source are not known well. This is primarily due to the fact that drainage divides in karst terrains are the unknown and insufficiently examined segments. There are a few hypotheses about the origin of water: 1. from the Zeta River which flows few kilometres north-east from Mareza Spring, 2. from the Mora&#269;a River which partly sinks at the exit of the canyon (around 10 km east from Mareza Spring), and 3. from the Prekornica Mountain recharge area that is located 10-20 km north-east from the spring (that is a karst plateau with average altitude around 1,000 m asl). Therefore, the isotopic techniques (altitude effect, comparison) could be useful for testing these assumptions. In the present study monitoring of stable isotopes (2H, 18O) in precipitation, surface water and groundwater of this area is carried out to determine the origin of water and adequate protection of Mareza Spring.&#160;

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Horizontal Precipitation Gradients in Alpine Valleys of Northwestern Slovenia

Dela ◽

10.4312/dela.49.5-36 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 5-36

Author(s):

Matej Ogrin ◽

Erika Kozamernik

Keyword(s):

Precipitation Regime ◽

The North ◽

Accuracy Of Measurements ◽

Julian Alps ◽

The Alps ◽

Mountainous Landscapes ◽

Micro Level ◽

Mountain Landscapes ◽

North Western ◽

Alpine Valleys

Mountain landscapes are the areas characteristic for a great spatial variability of precipitation amounts. On the windward sides of orographic barriers there is intense rising of air, and on the lee sides air descends. The intensity of the two processes is manifested in great differences in precipitation amounts at short distances. Although the network of precipitation stations is the densest in the Alps of all mountain regions in the world, precipitation regime at the micro level continues to be poorly known at many a place. Precipitation stations in mountainous landscapes are the most numerous in lower-lying and settled areas, whereas they are rather few in the high-lying areas. Also the accuracy of measurements is problematic in the mountains. As a result, the information on precipitation regime is inadequate right in the areas with the largest precipitation amounts. This means that the estimation of water balance is inadequate, and it is difficult to forecast the precipitation-related processes, such as torrential floods, landslides, avalanches, and the like. The present paper deals with horizontal precipitation gradients in the Alpine valleys of Planica, Krnica and the stream Beli potok which are all situated in the north-western part of the Slovenian section of the Julian Alps.

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Abundance and site predilection of tick species with the sampling season, sampling site, sex, age, and the cattle color of the North-Western region of Nigeria

Scientific African ◽

10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00832 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e00832

Author(s):

Elijah Sunday Okwuonu ◽

Felix Atawal Andong ◽

Ifeoma Kosisochukwu Ugwuanyi

Keyword(s):

Tick Species ◽

Sampling Site ◽

Western Region ◽

The North ◽

North Western ◽

Sampling Season

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Echinoderms from the Gulf of Venezuela, north-western coast of Venezuela

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia ◽

10.11606/1807-0205/2021.61.51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 ◽

pp. e20216151

Author(s):

Nínive Edilia Espinoza-Rodríguez ◽

Yumara Pernía ◽

Héctor Severeyn ◽

Yajaira García de Severeyn ◽

Héctor Barrios-Garrido

Keyword(s):

Coral Reefs ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Sampling Site ◽

Western Coast ◽

Seagrass Meadows ◽

Number Of Species ◽

The North ◽

North Western

Echinoderms are a major group of marine invertebrates that often play integral roles within the marine ecosystem. Studies about their occurrence, abundance, and distribution in Venezuela are focused in the central-eastern coasts; hence the aim of this study is to describe the echinoderm community in the north-western coast of the Gulf of Venezuela. Samples were collected from three sites in the Venezuelan Guajira Peninsula (Castilletes, Porshoure, and Kazuzain) where patchy coral reefs and seagrass meadows are abundant. According to the substrate, two methods were performed using quantitative (1 m² quadrates), and qualitative free-diving observations. All organisms were counted and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level; finally, diversity (Shannon diversity index), richness (number of species), and dominance in the different sampled substrates were recorded. The updated list of echinoderms of the Gulf of Venezuela reported in this research, includes 20 genera, 15 families, 10 orders, four classes, and 28 species. The richest class was Ophiuroidea, with 18 species, followed by Asteroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea, with three species each. Castilletes was the sampling site with the higher number of species (18 species), followed by Porshoure (15 species), and lastly Kazuzain (12 species). Our observations indicate that the number of species and abundance were higher when found in coral reefs (21 species, 80.69% of the total collected individuals) in contrast to the species found in seagrass beds (16 species, 19.31% of the total of individuals collected). This updated list of echinoderms represents 11.54% of the total diversity of the phylum in the marine areas from the coast of Venezuela; it is suggested that this percentage is greatly influenced by the differences of habitats and substrates alongside the north-western coast in the Gulf of Venezuela.

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