scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Trace Elements in the Organisms of Benthic Communities in the Reducing Environments of the Sea of Okhotsk

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Galkin ◽  
Liudmila L. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Deryugin Basin ◽  
Toxic Metalloid

A comparative study of the bioaccumulation of trace elements in benthic organisms inhabiting the area of methane seeps in the Deryugin Basin and nearby the Paramushir Island (Sea of Okhotsk) has been performed. The data pertain to both essential elements (Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Cr, and Cu), which are necessary in certain concentrations for the metabolism of organisms, and nonessential heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg), as well as As, a toxic metalloid. Dominating representatives of the bottom fauna from the Deryugin Basin (sea anemones, clams) were characterized by high bioaccumulation coefficients of most of the elements (≥ n103), regardless of their biochemical properties. The use of the coefficient K, which characterizes the accumulation of trace elements in the soft tissues of bivalves relative to their shells, allowed us to detect differences in the bioaccumulation character. Symbiotrophic bivalves of the family Vesicomyidae from the Deryugin Basin were characterized by the accumulation of all of the trace elements mostly in soft tissues (gills, primarily) compared to the carbonate shells (coefficient K > 1). We suppose that different effect of abiotic (biological availability of elements and water turbidity) and biotic (throphic strategy) factors of the habitats may probably be a reason of such phenomenon.

scholarly journals Nutritional Aspects of Essential Trace Elements in Oral Health and Disease: An Extensive Review

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Tomar Bhattacharya ◽  
Satya Ranjan Misra ◽  
Mohsina Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Essential Trace Elements

Human body requires certain essential elements in small quantities and their absence or excess may result in severe malfunctioning of the body and even death in extreme cases because these essential trace elements directly influence the metabolic and physiologic processes of the organism. Rapid urbanization and economic development have resulted in drastic changes in diets with developing preference towards refined diet and nutritionally deprived junk food. Poor nutrition can lead to reduced immunity, augmented vulnerability to various oral and systemic diseases, impaired physical and mental growth, and reduced efficiency. Diet and nutrition affect oral health in a variety of ways with influence on craniofacial development and growth and maintenance of dental and oral soft tissues. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are treated with antioxidants containing essential trace elements like selenium but even increased dietary intake of trace elements like copper could lead to oral submucous fibrosis. The deficiency or excess of other trace elements like iodine, iron, zinc, and so forth has a profound effect on the body and such conditions are often diagnosed through their early oral manifestations. This review appraises the biological functions of significant trace elements and their role in preservation of oral health and progression of various oral diseases.

Analysis of the monitoring study of the antibiotic-resistance of the agents of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissue

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
A.P. Prevar ◽  
A.V. Kryzshanovskaya ◽  
V.A. Radionov ◽  
V.M. Mrug
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor in the treatment of suppurative and inflammatory processes is the timely optimization of treatment measures taking into account the nature of the microflora and its susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs. The purpose of the study is to monitor the spectrum of microorganisms – pathogens of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues in surgical patients; study of the sensitivity of isolated strains to antibiotics. The material was collected in accordance with aseptic rules. The identification of a pure culture of bacteria was carried out according to morphological, culture, biochemical properties, and the presence of virulence enzymes. Sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was determined by the standard disks method (by Kirby-Bauer’s). 255 patients with purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues were examined for the period from 2014 to 2017. 229 strains of isolated bacteria were included to Escherichia coli, Citrobacer freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, E.aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, S.epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, S.viridians, S.agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The main cause of purulent-inflammatory processes of soft tissues is Staphylococci (67,2%). Compared to previous studies, the number of P.aeruginosa isolated cultures increased (7.9%). In monoculture and in association with other microorganisms, E. coli (9.6% of cases), E.cloacae et aerogenes (3.9% of cases), P.vulgaris (3.9% of cases), C.freundi (2.5% of cases), S.agalactiae, S.pyogenes, S.viridans (3.5%). The number of associated sows reaches 12%. Clinical strains of microorganisms remain most sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and also retains high sensitivity to gentamicin, lincomycin, rifampicin, which is important for empirical antibiotic therapy. To increase the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy, strict adherence to the mode of appointment of antibiotics, justification of indications, a combination of antibiotics of different spectrum of action, mandatory correction after determining the sensitivity of the pathogen.

scholarly journals Biological and biochemical properties in evaluation of forest soil quality

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Jarosław Lasota
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Density And Biomass

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using biological and biochemical parameters in the evaluation of forest soil quality and changes caused by land use. The study attempted to determine a relationship between the enzymatic activity of soil, the number of earthworms and soil physico-chemical properties. The study was carried out in central Poland in adjoining Forest Districts (Przedbórz and Smardzewice). In soil samples taken from 12 research plots, basic physico-chemical properties, enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, urease) and density and biomass of earthworms were examined. Enzyme activity showed a large diversity within the forest site types studied. The correlations between the activity of the enzymes studied and C/N ratio indicated considerable importance of these enzymes in metabolism of essential elements of organic matter of forest soils. Urease and dehydrogenase activity and earthworm number showed susceptibility to soil pH, which confirmed relationships between enzyme activity and abundance of earthworms and soil pH in H2O and KCl.

Fluctuation of Trace Elements During Methylmercury Toxication and Chelation Therapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 815-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bapu ◽  
R.C. Purohit ◽  
P.P. Sood
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chelation Therapy ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Mercury Deposition ◽  
Homocysteine Thiolactone ◽  
Methylmercury Chloride ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the present investigation was to check the fluctuation in essential elements, such as Na, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in the brain, spinal cord, liver and kidney of mice during methylmercury chloride (MMC) toxication and therapy with monothiols (N-acetyl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone and glutathione) and vitamins (vitamin B complex and E). Mercury deposition and its elimination during chelation therapy were also screened for comparative purposes. The animals were dosed for 7 days with MMC 1 mg/kg/d and some were then kept without treatment for a further 7 days. Other MMC-treated animals were immediately given one of the above antidotes for 7 days. All the animals were sacrificed on the 15th day. There was a decrease in all elements during MMC toxication with few exceptions, for example, copper was increased in the liver as was sodium in the kidney. Treatment with the thiols and vitamins restored the levels of these elements in certain tissues towards normal, but their concentrations remained abnormal in most instances. The fluctuations in the concentration of these elements were attributed to their association with various macromolecules.

TENTATIVE FOR TRACE ELEMENTS EVALUATION BY PIXE METHOD VERSUS DEPTH IN SOFT TISSUES NEAR METALLIC IMPLANTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Chassot ◽  
H. Oudadesse ◽  
Y. Barbotteau ◽  
J. L. Irigaray ◽  
S. Terver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Pixe Method

Neotectonics of the Deryugin Basin area (Sea of Okhotsk)

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-528
Author(s):  
V. P. Semakin ◽  
A. V. Kochergin
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Deryugin Basin ◽  
Basin Area
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document