ISOMETRIC MUSCLE FORCE AS A PREDICTOR OF A MAXIMAL MUSCLE EFFORT IN THE LEG PRESS TEST

sportlogia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Borko Petrović ◽  
◽  
Aleksandar Kukrić ◽  
Radenko Dobraš ◽  
Nemanja Zlojutro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

Contractile force of canine airway smooth muscle during cyclical length changes

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Gunst
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Airway Caliber ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

Strips of tonically contracted canine tracheal and bronchial airway smooth muscles (AWSM) were studied in vitro to compare dynamic muscle force during stretch-retraction cycles with static isometric muscle force at various length points within the cycling range. At any particular rate, a characteristic force-length loop was obtained by cycling over a given range of lengths. Dynamic muscle force dropped well below static isometric muscle force at lengths short of the peak length at all rates of cycling. When stretch or retraction of the muscle was stopped at any point along either path of the cycle, muscle force rose to approach the isometric force at that length. Dynamic force at the peak length of the cycle remained close to, or slightly greater than, the static isometric force. The results suggest that the velocity of shortening of tonically contracted AWSM is very slow relative to the rates of cycling employed. A slow rate of shortening of AWSM relative to the rate of change in airway caliber during breathing could account for well-known effects of volume history on airway tone.

scholarly journals Hamstring Stiffness Returns More Rapidly After Static Stretching Than Range of Motion, Stretch Tolerance, and Isometric Peak Torque

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genki Hatano ◽  
Shigeyuki Suzuki ◽  
Shingo Matsuo ◽  
Satoshi Kataura ◽  
Kazuaki Yokoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Passive Stiffness ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Torque Angle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force ◽  
Rest Intervals

Context: Hamstring injuries are common, and lack of hamstring flexibility may predispose to injury. Static stretching not only increases range of motion (ROM) but also results in reduced muscle strength after stretching. The effects of stretching on the hamstring muscles and the duration of these effects remain unclear. Objective: To determine the effects of static stretching on the hamstrings and the duration of these effects. Design: Randomized crossover study. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: A total of 24 healthy volunteers. Interventions: The torque–angle relationship (ROM, passive torque [PT] at the onset of pain, and passive stiffness) and isometric muscle force using an isokinetic dynamometer were measured. After a 60-minute rest, the ROM of the dynamometer was set at the maximum tolerable intensity; this position was maintained for 300 seconds, while static PT was measured continuously. The torque–angle relationship and isometric muscle force after rest periods of 10, 20, and 30 minutes were remeasured. Main Outcome Measures: Change in static PT during stretching and changes in ROM, PT at the onset of pain, passive stiffness, and isometric muscle force before stretching were compared with 10, 20, and 30 minutes after stretching. Results: Static PT decreased significantly during stretching. Passive stiffness decreased significantly 10 and 20 minutes after stretching, but there was no significant prestretching versus poststretching difference after 30 minutes. PT at the onset of pain and ROM increased significantly after stretching at all rest intervals, while isometric muscle force decreased significantly after all rest intervals. Conclusions: The effect of static stretching on passive stiffness of the hamstrings was not maintained as long as the changes in ROM, stretch tolerance, and isometric muscle force. Therefore, frequent stretching is necessary to improve the viscoelasticity of the muscle–tendon unit. Muscle force decreased for 30 minutes after stretching; this should be considered prior to activities requiring maximal muscle strength.

47 ISOMETRIC MUSCLE FORCE PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS AS A

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. S8
Author(s):  
M. G. Bemben ◽  
B. H. Massey ◽  
R. A. Boileau ◽  
J. E. Misner ◽  
P. J. Bechtel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Muscle Force Production ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force ◽  
Production Characteristics

scholarly journals Explosive isometric muscle force of different muscle groups of cadet judo athletes in function of gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Marković ◽  
Milivoj Dopsaj ◽  
Stevan Jovanović ◽  
Tijana Rusovac ◽  
Nataša Cvetkovski
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Judo Athletes ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

Multivariate genetic analysis of maximal isometric muscle force at different elbow angles

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine A. Thomis ◽  
Marc Van Leemputte ◽  
Hermine H. Maes ◽  
Cameron J. R. Blimkie ◽  
Albrecht L. Claessens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Multivariate Genetic Analysis ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

Thomis, Martine A., Marc Van Leemputte, Hermine H. Maes, Cameron J. R. Blimkie, Albrecht L. Claessens, Guy Marchal, Eustachius Willems, Robert F. Vlietinck, and Gaston P. Beunen. Multivariate genetic analysis of maximal isometric muscle force at different elbow angles. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(3): 959–967, 1997.—The maximal isometric moment at five different elbow joint angles was measured in 25 monozygotic and 16 dizygotic male adult twin pairs (22.4 ± 3.7 yr). Genetic model fitting was used to quantify the genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in isometric strength. Additive genetic factors explained 66–78% of the variance in maximal torque at 170–140–110 and 80° flexion (extension = 180°). At 50° flexion, common and subject-specific environmental factors contributed equally to the variation. The contribution of unique environmental factors concurs with the level of variability in muscle activation and (dis)-comfort of torque production in the specific angle. The relative contribution of lever arm and force-length relationship in torque varies according to the angle. Because these factors might be genetic, this variability is reflected in the genetic contribution at the extreme angles of 170 and 50°. Multivariate analyses suggested a general set of genes that control muscle area and isometric strength, together with a more specific strength factor. Genetic correlations were high (0.82–0.99). Genes responsible for arm-segment lengths did not contribute to muscle area nor to isometric strength.

Implications of Muscle Relative Position as a Co-Determinant of Isometric Muscle Force

2003 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huub Maas ◽  
Can A. Yucesoy ◽  
Guus C. Baan ◽  
Peter A. Huijing
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Myofascial Force Transmission ◽  
Isometric Muscle ◽  
Isometric Muscle Force

Force is transmitted from muscle fiber to bone via several pathways: (1) via the tendons (i.e. myotendinous force transmission), (2) via intermuscular connective tissue to adjacent muscles (i.e. intermuscular myofascial force transmission), (3) via structures other than muscles (i.e. extramuscular myofascial force transmission). In vivo, the position of a muscle relative to adjacent muscles changes due to differences in moment arm between synergists as well as due to the fact that some muscles span only one joint and other muscles more than one joint. The position of a muscle relative to non-muscular structures within a compartment is altered with each change of the length of the muscle. The aim of this article is to describe recent experimental results, as well as some new experimental data, that have elucidated the role of muscle relative position on force transmission from muscle. Furthermore, relevant literature is discussed, taking into consideration these new insights of muscle functioning. It is concluded that the position of a muscle relative to surrounding tissues is a major co-determinant of isometric muscle force. For muscles operating within their in vivo context of connective tissue, such position effects should be taken into account.

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