Determination of Wood Specific Gravity in Standing White Spruce Using a Pilodyn Tester

1982 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Micko ◽  
Eugene I. C. Wang ◽  
Fred W. Taylor ◽  
Alvin D. Yanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Pilodyn Penetration ◽  
Gravity Estimation

A simple spring-load pin-ejecting instrument, the "Pilodyn", was used to assess wood specific gravity of standing white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) trees. Pin penetrations in both debarked and unpeeled trees were compared with outerwood specific gravity determined from actual core samples taken near the Pilodyn test spots. High degrees of correlation were found for Pilodyn penetration measurements and the outerwood specific gravities. The Pilodyn tester can be used in tree specific gravity estimation as part of a selection program for tree improvement.

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic correlations among volume, wood specific gravity and foliar traits in white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss)

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Pike ◽  
R. A. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Foliar Traits

Abstract White spruce is highly valued by the forest products industry in North America. Through tree improvement efforts, selected genotypes can exceed wild sources by 30% in volume. Negative correlations between growth and wood specific gravity have been established, but differences in leaf morphology between high and low performing genotypes are less well understood. We sampled five trees from each of 30 families at each of two locations in a 25-year old progeny test in Minnesota. One wood core was collected from each tree to sample wood specific gravity (WSG), along with a branch collected from the upper crown to examine foliar traits. We confirmed negative correlations between stem volume and WSG, but several families combined high wood volume with only small reductions in WSG. Leaf area ratio and specific leaf area were positively, genetically correlated with volume growth but not correlated with WSG. Increased growth rates of selected genotypes may be attributed, in part, to shifts in allocation to leaves and in leaf morphology that may optimize light interception.

scholarly journals WOOD DENSITY OF CLONES OF Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF GROWTH

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Mauri ◽  
José Tarcísio da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Mário Tomazello Filho ◽  
Antônio Marcos Rosado ◽  
Juarez Benigno Paes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Growth Site ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity

AbstractVariations in the growth site of trees have influence on the internal structure of the trunk. Considering this fact, this study investigated influence of the characteristics of the growth site on wood specific gravity of two clones of Eucalyptus urophyllax Eucalyptus grandis,  approximately six years old, growing in different altitudes and topographies. Furthemore, two methods of sampling of the wood specific gravity were studied, for comparison purpose. Results showed that wood specific gravity underwent variations between growth conditions andtrends in wood specific gravity variations, compared between growth conditions, were the same regardless of the clone. With relation to  sampling method, the wedge was more appropriate for determination of wood specific gravity, in order to extrapolate the disc density. These results provide tools to forestry companies about consolidation of genetic material and its behavior in different growth conditions, to attend wood quality requirements.Keywords: Eucalypt; wood quality;topography; altitude. ResumoDensidade do lenho de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis em diferentes condições de crescimento. As variações nas características do local de crescimento das árvores apresentam influência na estrutura interna do tronco. Diante deste fato, foi estudada a influência das características do local de crescimento na densidade básica da madeira de dois clones de EucalyptusurophyllaxEucalyptusgrandis, com aproximadamente seis anos de idade que cresceram emaltitudes e topografias diferentes. Além disso, estudou-se duas formas de amostragem da densidade básica na árvore para fins de comparações. Por meio dos resultados pode-seobservar que a densidade básica da madeira sofreu variações nas diferentes condições de crescimento e que as tendências de variações na densidade básica da madeira, frente às condições de crescimento, foram as mesmas independentemente do clone. Em relaçãoao método de amostragem,a cunha mostrou-se mais apropriada para determinação da densidade básica da madeira para fins de extrapolação da densidade do disco.Estes resultados fornecem subsídios para as empresas do setor florestal no que diz respeito à consolidação de material genético e seu comportamento em diferentes condições de crescimento para atender suas demandas de qualidade de madeira.Palavras-chave:Eucalipto; qualidade de madeira;topografia; altitude.

Wood quality of white spruce from north central Alberta

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene I. C. Wang ◽  
Michael M. Micko
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
North Central ◽  
Tracheid Length ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Complex Variation

Wood specific gravity and tracheid lengths were measured from increment cores and discs of 10 white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) trees from each of four stands in the Slave Lake forest of north central Alberta. Such measurements were used to indicate the variation of wood properties among trees and within individual stems. The specific gravity of white spruce grown in the Slave Lake area was somewhat greater than that found in the Edson and Footner Lake areas reported earlier. Tracheid length was comparable to that found in trees from Footner Lake and longer than that from the Edson trees on the same age basis. Within a tree, growth rate affected wood specific gravity negatively. However, no correlation was evident between these parameters among trees. Seven trees were examined intensively to determine the variation of properties within the stem. The complex variation patterns from pith-to-bark and stump-to-crown are reported. Contrary to the Edson and Footner Lake trees, a very high corewood specific gravity was not observed. Tracheid length increased from pith to the periphery and from stump to crown.

Variabilité de la densité du bois et de la production des provenances d'épinette blanche, 20 ans après plantation

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Beaulieu ◽  
A. Corriveau
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Densité Du Bois ◽  
Forest Farm

The variability of wood specific gravity and yield of 23 white spruce provenances from the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest region was studied 20 years after planting at Harrington Forest Farm, Québec. The results indicate no relationship between wood specific gravity of provenances and their respective growth performance. The southwestern section of this region showed a small decrease in wood specific gravity, but it was compensated for by a strong increase in volume growth, resulting in an important gain in dry weight productivity. The variability of white spruce wood specific gravity was split into three sources: 11% was attributed to provenance differences, 8% to provenance and repetition interaction, and the remainder to differences among trees of the same provenance and to experimental error. In a breeding program, a first selection should be made at the provenance level on the basis of volume productivity and a second selection on the basis of wood specific gravity values within the selected provenances, to maximize the overall genetic and economic gain.

Determination of Specific Gravity of Live Hogs by Suppressed Zero Techniques

1967 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
V. M. Hix ◽  
A. M. Pearson ◽  
E. P. Reineke ◽  
T. A. Gillett ◽  
L. J. Glacoletto
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity
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