scholarly journals Propagation of goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) from leaf and nodal explants

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Ye Kang ◽  
Sheng Qiang ◽  
Gary Peng
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Half Strength

Goldenrod (<em>Solidago canadensis </em>L.) is an invasive plant species in many countries except North America but a cut-flower species worldwide. There is a need to generate and propagate goldenrod clones efficiently for research and commercial purposes. A callus induction and plantlet regeneration system was developed by studying the influence of explant type and different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The highest callus production from leaf segments was obtained on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS medium) supplemented with 1.0 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Adventitious shoots could be regenerated directly from leaf explants without an intermediate callus phase with the highest shoot induction percentage of 87.2%. The largest number of adventitious shoots per leaf explant (3.2) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L BA. MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA was the best medium for axillary shoot regeneration from nodal segments. The highest root number and longest roots occurred on half-strength MS without the addition of any growth regulator. Rooted plantlets were then transferred to a soil-based growth medium, placed in a greenhouse, and acclimatized with 100% success. All surviving plants grew normally without showing any morphological varia&shy;tion when compared to those grow from seed. This regeneration protocol may be used to produce certain biotypes of goldenrod suitable for genetic transformation rapid propagation of goldenrod for commercial purposes or for screening fungi and toxins as potential biocontrol agents against this weed.

scholarly journals Regeneration potential of different explants during micropropagation of neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Bhavadharani Dhandapani ◽  
Gnanam Ramasamy ◽  
Senthil Natesan ◽  
Kumaran Kalayanasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Half Strength

Azadirachta indica A. Juss., (Neem), a prodigious multipurpose tree, has immense potential to benefit mankind and to protect the environment. In order to investigate the effects of three different explants for its regeneration potential, de embryonated cotyledon, immature zygotic embryo and nodal segments from a 30 year old neem plus tree were used. Half strength MS medium with benzyl amino purine (3 mg/L) and naphthalene acetic acid (0.5 mg/L) and casein hydrolysate (1 g/L) was effective in shoot bud sprouting from both nodes and cotyledons. Half strength MS medium fortified with TDZ (0.2 mg/L) was effective for induction of somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos. Shoot buds initiated from the cotyledons produced a maximum number of shoots per explants (4.33) which on further sub culturing induced maximum multiple shoots (15) on half strength MS medium fortified with BAP (1.5 mg/L), NAA (0.5 mg/L) and CH (400 g /L) and the nodal explants induced only 4-5 axillary shoots on further sub culturing. Even though immature zygotic embryos produced more number of somatic embryos per explant (24.97) within a short time (30-45 days), the plantlet conversion was poor (25.52 %). In vitro rooting was observed in half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (2 mg/L). The regeneration potential of de embryonated cotyledons through a simple regeneration system may be beneficial for efficient mass propagation of selected plus trees of neem.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol of Rauvolfia serpentina L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
S Akter ◽  
B Goswami ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Number Of Shoots

An efficient in vitro regeneration system was developed for Rauvolfia serpentina L. through direct and indirect organogenesis from nodal and leaf explants. Among the different growth regulators, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 0.5mg/l IAA and 0.02mg/l NAA found best for the multiple shoot formation from nodal segments. In this combination 98% explants produced multiple shoots and the average number of shoots per explants is 13∙4. The frequency of callus induction and multiple shoot induction from leaves was highest 88% in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, where mean number of shoots/explants was 12.5. The highest frequency of root induction (80%) and mean number of roots/plantlets (10) were obtained on half strength of MS medium containing 0.2 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening following acclimatization and finally were successfully established in the field.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 133-138, 2018

scholarly journals Improved micropropagation and foliar micromorphological studies in Turnera ulmifolia L. – An important medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Manokari ◽  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Abstract The present study reports an efficient in vitro propagation system for Turnera ulmifolia using nodal segments as explants. Turnera ulmifolia (Passifloraceae) is an important garden plant with multipotent medicinal values. Effective shoot proliferation was achieved on agar gelled MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962). The maximum number of shoots (8.3 ± 0.57) per initial explant was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 8.88 mM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.54 mM of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest number of shoots (59.5 ± 2.10) proliferated on semi-solid MS medium (with agar) augmented with 2.22 mM of BAP and 2.32 mM of kinetin (Kin) along with 0.54 mM of NAA. Longer (4-5 cm) and healthy shoots were rooted (12.0 ± 0.10 roots per shoot) on half-strength MS medium fortified with 9.84 mM of indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro regenerated plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. Significant developmental changes were observed in the foliar micromorphology of in vitro raised plantlets when these were transferred to the field. The stomatal index was gradually reduced (26.72 to 21.25) in the leaves from in vitro to field environments. But, vein-islets and veinlet terminations (13.4 and 7.6) were increased (39.7 and 18.4) respectively from in vitro to in vivo grown plants. Simple, unicellular, less frequent and underdeveloped trichomes were observed with the leaves of in vitro plants but fully developed trichomes recorded in the field transferred plants. The study could help in understanding the response and adaptation of tissue culture raised plantlets towards changed environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Lacy Tree Philodendron (Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl.)

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-299
Author(s):  
Asma Alhussein Alawaadh ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir ◽  
Mona S. Alwihibi ◽  
Abdulhakim A. Aldubai ◽  
Salah El-Hendawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Bioreactor Culture ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Half Strength

The present study aimed to optimize the micropropagation of lacy tree philodendron using shoot tip explants. Axillary shoot regeneration was investigated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators, varied levels of MS medium salt strength, sucrose concentration, and light intensity and culture type. Adding 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 1 mg·L−1) significantly increased shoot multiplication compared with other cytokinins, and the combination of cytokinins and auxins [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)], yielded more shoots than cytokinins alone, with the greatest number of axillary shoots (11.4 per explant) obtained using both BAP (1 mg·L−1) and IBA (0.5 mg·L−1). In addition, the use of half-strength salt concentrations significantly reduced shoot multiplication, and high sucrose concentrations (>30 g·L−1) reduced explant growth. High light intensity also reduced shoot multiplication and growth, owing to photoinhibition, and shoot multiplication was more efficient in gelled culture, whereas shoot growth was greater in liquid/bioreactor culture. The best rooting success (100%) and greatest root number and fresh weight were obtained using MS medium supplemented with NAA (1–2 mg·L−1). The resulting plantlets were successfully acclimatized, with a survival rate of 100%, and were morphologically similar to the mother plant.

Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Bioenergy Crop Miscanthus Sacchariflorus

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Hai Peng Guo ◽  
Ruo Xuan Shao ◽  
Chun Tao Hong ◽  
Heng Kang Hu ◽  
Bing Song Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstock ◽  
Shoot Apices ◽  
Rapid Propagation ◽  
Miscanthus Sacchariflorus

Miscanthus sacchariflorus is an important perennial bioenergy feedstock, but no information is available regarding plant rapid propagation from in vitro seed grown plantlets. The present study investigates the effects of the types and combination of plant growth regulators on tissue culture system of M. sacchariflorus. Shoot apices from in vitro germinated seedling explants were tested for adventitious shoot proliferation. The highest level of proliferation (proliferation coefficient 11.66) was obtained when shoot apices were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.05 mg L−1 α–naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 3% sucrose, and 0.8% agar. The highest root number (13.33) and root length (9.67 cm) were obtained when adventitious shoots were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L−1 NAA, 3% sucrose, and 0.8% agar. The efficient plant regeneration system developed here will be helpful for rapid propagation and further genetic improvement in M. sacchariflorus.

Direct adventitious shoot regeneration system of Euonymus fortunei var. radicans and its genetic transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Shang Ai-Qin ◽  
Chen Ying ◽  
Zhao Liang-Jun ◽  
Tian Ying-Chuan
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Euonymus Fortunei ◽  
Galanthus Nivalis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractUsing hypocotyls as explants, the adventitious shoots of Euonymus fortunei var. radicans were differentiated directly from basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators. The highest regeneration frequency was obtained with MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.01 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A regeneration frequency of 92% and 4.2 shoots per explant were obtained after 30 days of culture. The binary vector pBCGm, containing Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) gene, was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404. Hypocotyl segments of E. fortunei var. radicans were infected through A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR–Southern blot analysis results confirmed that the GNA gene was integrated into the genome of transgenic plants. The highest transformation frequency was obtained with un-precultured explants infected for 30 min with OD600=0.6 Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and co-cultivated for 3 days.

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration of Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.) from in vitro Leaf Tissues

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Dai ◽  
Victoria Jacques ◽  
James A. Walla ◽  
Zong-Ming Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Eventual Death ◽  
Roots In Vitro

Abstract An effective plant regeneration system was developed for chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.) by using in vitro leaf tissues. Adventitious shoots regenerated from in vitro leaf tissues only when cultured on Woody Plant Medium (WPM), but not on Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ). Three chokecherry clones (NN, 10, and 17) responded differently to types and concentrations of cytokinins, ranging from 16.7 to 91.7% leaf explants regenerating shoots. A mean of four shoots was produced from each explant, with the most shoots (&gt; 10) from clone NN on media with 5–10 μM BA. Higher concentrations of TDZ (&gt; 8 μM) caused serious vitrification and eventual death of newly induced shoots. Regenerated shoots (&gt; 1.5 cm) produced roots in vitro in half strength MS medium or ex vitro in Cellular Rooting Sponge (CRS) rooting plugs with or without auxin (NAA or IBA) treatments. Rooting was affected by auxin, genotypes, and the rooting methods.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Anthurium andraeanum from Leaf Explants and Evaluation of Microcutting Rooting and Growth under Different Light Qualities

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisu Gu ◽  
Wenfang Liu ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Jin Cui ◽  
Richard J. Henny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Modified Ms Medium ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum

This study established a new method for regenerating Anthurium andraeanum Lind. and evaluated effects of different wavelengths from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on rooting and growth of adventitious shoots. Callus occurred in leaf explants of A. andraeanum ‘Alabama’ and ‘Sierra’ cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with four concentrations of N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ). Adventitious shoots were induced from callus pieces (≈1 cm3) cultured on the modified MS medium containing 6-benzyladenine (BA) with kinetin (KN), BA, and/or KN with 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Results showed that 1.82 μM TDZ induced 83.3% and 77.8% of leaf explants of ‘Alabama’ and ‘Sierra’ to produce callus and 24.9 and 24.7 adventitious shoots were produced per callus piece of ‘Alabama’ and ‘Sierra’ cultured on the modified MS medium containing 0.89 μM BA, 2.32 μM KN, and 0.98 μM IBA, respectively. Adventitious shoots were cut and rooted in the modified MS medium containing 0.98 μM IBA and grown under the same light level but with different light qualities. All adventitious shoots rooted; root numbers, root lengths, root fresh and dry weights, and leaf area of plantlets grown under red plus blue light were comparable to those grown under conventional fluorescent white light. Shoot height was the greatest in monochromic blue light followed by red light. Shoot fresh and dry weights of plantlets grown under red plus blue light, however, were significantly greater than those grown under the other light qualities. Plantlets grown under red plus blue light had 22.7% greater total dry weight and more balanced root-to-shoot ratio than those grown under fluorescent white light. These results suggested the use of complex of red plus blue LED could be an option for improving growth of A. andraeanum plantlets in vitro.

scholarly journals Development of a Superior Somaclone of Rose-scented Geranium and a Protocol for Inducing Variants

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritika Gupta ◽  
S. Banerjee ◽  
G.R. Mallavarapu ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
S.P.S. Khanuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Wild Type Parent

An efficient protocol has been established for generating somaclones in the Indian rose-scented geranium Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bipuli, which yields Reunion Island-type essential oil. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 4.5 mg·L-1 BA and 1.0 mg·L-1 NAA was found optimal for induction of callus from leaf explants. Callus regenerated shoots when transferred to MS medium with 2.5 mg·L-1 BA and 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA. The regeneration percentage as well as number of shoots per cm2 of callus was greatly improved by addition of ADS at a concentration of 3.0 mg·L-1. Regenerated shoots rooted within 20 days following transfer to half-strength MS medium with 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA. Plantlets were acclimatized under glasshouse conditions with 80% to 85% survival. Randomly selected 30 individual calliclones were subjected to field trial with wild-type parent in randomized block design, replicated three times with 90% survival for two successive years. Characterization of these calliclones for essential oil yield and quality traits demonstrated induction of variability in all the characteristics examined in negative and positive directions in comparison with the wild-type parent. This screening led to the identification of somaclone B22, which out-yielded the wild-type parent as well as the rest of the somaclones. The quality of the essential oil of B22 was similar to that of the parent. Chemical names used: N6-benzyladenine (BA); naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); adenine di-sulphate (ADS).

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahipal S. Shekhawat ◽  
M. Manokari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Hybanthus Enneaspermus ◽  
Half Strength

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.

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