Correlation between the extent of pneumatization of Agger agger Nasi nasi cells and the anterior-to-posterior length of the frontal recess: A a computer-assisted anatomical study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Ahmet Altıntaş ◽  
Mustafa Çelik ◽  
Yakup Yegin ◽  
Sinan Canpolat ◽  
Burak Olgun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Frontal Recess ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Right

Objectives: To explore the correlation between the volume of the aAgger nNasi (AN) cell bulge and the A-P length of the frontal recess (FR). Subjects and methods: In total, 120 patients, who underwent septoplasty, were included. All patients underwent preoperative paranasal sinus computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses (PNS CT) imaging. In total, CT data on of all 120 PNSs patients were analyzed in terms of thewith respect to the extent of pneumatization of the AN cell bulge and the A-P dimensions of the FR. Each side was analyzed separately. Results: We included 120 patients,: 78 (65.0%) females and 42 (35.0 %) males. Their average age was 33.7 ± 11.6 years (range: 18–65 years). The mean volume of the AN cell bulge was 0.26 ± 0.4 mm3 on both the right and left sides. The A-P length of the FR was 7.7 ± 2.2 mm. No significant between-side difference in the mean volume of the AN cell bulge was apparent observed (p=0.906). This volume did not differ significantly by age or sex (p=0.844 and p=0.971, respectively). We found no correlation between the volume of the AN cell bulge and the A-P length of the FR (r = 0.098, p=0.192). Conclusion: In the present study, no correlation between AN cell volume and the A-P length of the FR was found. When studying the anatomical complexity of the FR, it is essential to consider the AN cell volume. We suggest that preoperative CT imaging is critical when endoscopic sinus surgery is planned. However, further studies with larger numbers of patients are needed to explore the relationship between AN cell pneumatization and the anatomy of the FR.

Neurovascular structures adjacent to the lumbar intervertebral discs: an anatomical study of their morphometry and relationships

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arslan ◽  
Ayhan Cömert ◽  
Halil İbrahim Açar ◽  
Mevci Özdemir ◽  
Alaittin Elhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Anatomical Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Object Although infrequent, injury to adjacent neurovascular structures during posterior approaches to lumbar intervertebral discs can occur. A detailed anatomical knowledge of relationships may decrease surgical complications. Methods Ten formalin-fixed male cadavers were used for this study. Posterior exposure of the lumbar thecal sac, nerve roots, pedicles, and intervertebral discs was performed. To identify retroperitoneal structures at risk during posterior lumbar discectomy, a transabdominal retroperitoneal approach was performed, and observations were made. The distances between the posterior and anterior edges of the lumbar intervertebral discs were measured, and the relationships between the disc space, pedicle, and nerve root were evaluated. Results For right and left sides, the mean distance from the inferior pedicle to the disc gradually increased from L1–2 to L4–5 (range 2.7–3.8 mm and 2.9–4.5 mm for right and left side, respectively) and slightly decreased at L5–S1. For right and left sides, the mean distance from the superior pedicle to the disc was more or less the same for all disc spaces (range 9.3–11.6 mm and 8.2–10.5 mm for right and left, respectively). The right and left mean disc-to-root distance for the L3–4 to L5–S1 levels ranged from 8.3 to 22.1 mm and 7.2 to 20.6 mm, respectively. The root origin gradually increased from L-1 to L-5. The right and left nerve root–to-disc angle gradually decreased from L-3 to S-1 (range 105°–110.6° and 99°–108°). Disc heights gradually increased from L1–2 to L5–S1 (range 11.3–17.4 mm). The mean distance between the anterior and posterior borders of the intervertebral discs ranged from 39 to 46 mm for all levels. Conclusions To avoid neighboring neurovascular structures, instrumentation should not be inserted into the lumbar disc spaces more than 3 cm from their posterior edge. Accurate anatomical knowledge of the relationships of intervertebral discs to nerve roots is needed for spine surgeons.

Revision Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Objective and Subjective Surgical Outcomes

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Christopher McMains ◽  
Stilianos E. Kountakis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Patient Symptom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Revision Sinus Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
The Mean

Background The aim of this study was to report objective and subjective outcomes after revision sinus surgery (RESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in 125 patients requiring revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery after failing both maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS. Patients were seen and treated over a 3-year period (1999–2001) in a tertiary rhinology setting. Computed tomography (CT) scans were graded as per Lund-MacKay and patient symptom scores were recorded using the Sinonasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) instrument. Individual rhinosinusitis symptoms were evaluated on a visual analog scale (0–10) before and after surgery. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. Results The mean number of prior sinus procedures was 1.9 ± 0.1 (range, 1–7) and the mean preoperative CT grade was 13.4 ± 0.7. Patients with asthma and polyposis had higher CT scores than those without these processes. Preoperative mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores were 30.7 ± 1.3 and 7.3 ± 0.4, respectively. At the 2-year follow-up, mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores improved to 7.7 ± 0.6 and 2.1 ± 0.4, respectively (p < 2.8 X 10-10). At 12-month follow-up, each individual symptom score decreased significantly. Overall, 10 patients failed RESS and required additional surgical intervention for an overall failure rate of 8.0%. All patients who failed RESS had nasal polyposis. Conclusion Revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery benefits patients that fail maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS by objective and subjective measures.

scholarly journals Computed tomography is not necessary to assess rotation of the femoral component in navigation-assisted total knee replacement

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hernández-Vaquero ◽  
Alfonso Noriega-Fernandez ◽  
Ivan Perez-Coto ◽  
Manuel A. Sandoval García ◽  
Andres A. Sierra-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Total Knee Replacement ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Component Rotation ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ct Data

Objective To demonstrate that postoperative computed tomography (CT) is not needed if navigation is used to determine the rotational position of the femoral component during total knee replacement (TKR). Methods Preoperative CT, navigational, and postoperative CT data of 70 TKR procedures were analysed. The correlation between the rotational angulation of the femur measured by CT and that measured by perioperative navigation was examined. The correlation between the femoral component rotation determined by navigation and that determined by CT was also assessed. Results The mean femoral rotation determined by navigation was 2.64° ± 4.34°, while that shown by CT was 6.43° ± 1.65°. Postoperative rotation of the femoral component shown by CT was 3.09° ± 2.71°, which was closely correlated with the angle obtained through the intraoperative transepicondylar axis by navigation (Pearson’s R = 0.930). Conclusions Navigation can be used to collect the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data and final position of the TKR. The rotation of the femoral component can be determined using navigation without the need for CT.

scholarly journals Prevalence of the Anterior Occipital Sulcus in the Human Brain: Anatomical Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Bassam MJ Addas
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The objective of this article is to investigate the prevalence of the anterior occipital sulcus in the human brain. The external surface of 25 consecutive formalin fixed brains (50 hemispheres) were examined for the presence of the anterior occipital sulcus. The anterior occipital sulcus was identified in 11 (22%) hemispheres, seven on the right side and four on the left side. The sulcus length ranged from 1-5 cm with a mean length of 2.89 cm. The mean distance from the occipital lobe tip to the anterior occipital sulcus was 4.75 cm on the right side and 5 cm on the left side. The anterior occipital sulcus can be infrequently encountered in human brains (22%); when present it represents the posterior limit of the temporal lobe and the anterior limit of the occipital lobe.

Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis: a rare cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina M. Sauerhammer ◽  
Albert K. Oh ◽  
Michael Boyajian ◽  
Suresh N. Magge ◽  
John S. Myseros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orbital Correction ◽  
The Right

Object Unilateral fusion of the frontoparietal suture is the most common cause of synostotic frontal plagiocephaly. Localized fusion of the frontosphenoidal suture is rare but can lead to a similar, but subtly distinct, phenotype. Methods A retrospective chart review of the authors' craniofacial database was performed. Patients with isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis on CT imaging were included. Demographic data, as well as the clinical and radiographic findings, were recorded. Results Three patients were identified. All patients were female and none had an identifiable syndrome. Head circumference was normal in each patient. The mean age at presentation was 4.8 months (range 2.0–9.8 months); 2 fusions were on the right side. Frontal flattening and recession of the supraorbital rim on the fused side were consistent physical findings. No patient had appreciable facial angulation or orbital dystopia, and 2 patients had anterior displacement of the ipsilateral ear. All 3 patients were initially misdiagnosed with unilateral coronal synostosis, and CT imaging at a mean age of 5.4 months (range 2.1–10.8 months) was required to secure the correct diagnosis. Computed tomography findings included patency of the frontoparietal suture, minor to no anterior cranial base angulation, and vertical flattening of the orbit without sphenoid wing elevation on the fused side. One patient underwent CT scanning at 2.1 months of age, which demonstrated a narrow, but patent, frontosphenoidal suture. The patient's condition was assumed to be a deformational process, and she underwent 6 months of unsuccessful helmet therapy. A repeat CT scan obtained at 10.7 months of age demonstrated the synostosis. All 3 patients underwent fronto-orbital correction at mean age of 12.1 months (range 7.8–16.1 months). The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 11.7 months (range 1.9–23.9 months). Conclusions Isolated frontosphenoidal synostosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical frontal plagiocephaly.

scholarly journals Intraoperative Registration of 2D C-arm Images with Preoperative CT Data in Computer Assisted Spine Surgery: Motivation to Use Convolutional Neural Networks for Initial Pose Generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Julio Alvarez-Gomez ◽  
Hubert Roth ◽  
Jürgen Wahrburg
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractIn this paper, we present an approach for getting an initial pose to use in a 2D/3D registration process for computer-assisted spine surgery. This is an iterative process that requires an initial pose close to the actual final pose. When using a proper initial pose, we get registrations within two millimeters of accuracy. Consequently, we developed a fully connected neural network (FCNN), which predicts the pose of a specific 2D image within an acceptable range. Therefore, we can use this result as the initial pose for the registration process. However, the inability of the FCNN for learning spatial attributes, and the decrease of the resolution of the images before inserting them in the FCNN, make the variance of the prediction large enough to make some of the predictions entirely out of the acceptable range. Additionally, new researches in deep learning field have shown that convolutional neural networks (CNNs) offer high advantages when the inputs of the net are images. We consider that using CNNs can help to improve our results, generalizing the system for a greater variety of inputs, and facilitating the integration with our current workflow. Then we present an outline for a CNN for our application, and some further steps we need to complete to achieve this implementation.

scholarly journals An Anatomical Study of the Morphometric Differences between Complete Arcuate Foramina and Ipsilateral Foramina Transversaria in Human Atlas Vertebrae: Could these Be Responsible for Vaso-occlusive Symptoms?

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Monika Lalit ◽  
Anupama Mahajan ◽  
Sanjay Piplani ◽  
Jagdev S. Kullar
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background and Aims Arcuate foramina (AF), the atlas bridges formed by a delicate bony spicule over the posterior arch of atlas, have been implicated in the compression of the vertebral artery during extreme rotation of head and neck movements. Reduction in the size of arcuate foramina as compared with foramen transversarium (FT) is also an important cause for the compression of vertebral artery. Aim of the present study was to determine the morphometric differences between complete AF and ipsilateral foramina transversaria. Materials and Methods Eighty dry adult human atlas vertebrae were obtained in the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College and Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India. Measurements were taken of the maximum dimensions of AF and ipsilateral FT and cross-sectional area was also calculated. Results The following results were obtained.The AF were seen in total 11 (13.75%) vertebrae, 3 (3.75%) on the right side, 6 (7.5%) on left side, and 2 (2.5%) bilateral.• The mean ventrodorsal (AFL) and superoinferior (AFH) diameter of AF was 8.79 mm and 5.98 mm, and 8.11 mm and 5.54 mm on the right and left sides, respectively, and the difference was found to be highly significant.• The mean ventrodorsal (FTL) and mediolateral (FTW) diameter of the FT 8.19 mm and 6.56 mm, and 7.31 mm and 6.86 mm on the right and left sides, respectively, with significant difference on the right side.• The mean cross-sectional area of AF was 41.32 mm2 and 35.38 mm2, and FT was 42.53 mm2 and 39.71 mm2 on the right and left sides, respectively, and AF has smaller area than ipsilateral FT. Conclusions Knowledge about the dimensions and cross-sectional area of the AF and ipsilateral foramina transversaria of the atlas vertebra can improve the success rate of surgeries, thus preventing damage to the adjoining vital structures.

Placement of C-7 intralaminar screws: a quantitative anatomical and morphometric evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Şenoğlu ◽  
Fuat Özkan ◽  
Mustafa Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Mean Width ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Axial Ct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Object Crossing laminar screws at C-7 have been recently described as a method for the fixation of C-7. In this study the authors measured locations on axial CT scans to determine the feasibility of placing a screw in the C-7 lamina, and they evaluated the reliability of the surface of the dorsal arch of C-7 as a landmark for determining the optimal site of screw entry. Methods A total of 207 axial CT scans of C-7 spines were evaluated, and 4 critical measurements were determined for screw entry points, trajectories, and lengths for placement of intralaminar screws. Results The mean width of the right C-7 lamina was 5.9 mm (range 4.2–9.3 mm). The mean width of the left C-7 lamina was 6.0 mm (range 4.2–10.2 mm). The laminar width was too small (< 5.5 mm) in 37.7% of cases to accommodate a 3.5-mm diameter screw, given the desire for at least 1 mm of play on each side of the screw. Conclusions These measurements provide guidelines for operating on the posterior aspect of C-7 and enhance the confidence of the surgeon. Viewing the anatomy of the C-7 laminae in detail through preoperative CT scanning can greatly assist the surgeon in choosing the fixation method. The width of the C-7 lamina is sufficient for intralaminar screw placement in more than 60% of patients.

Surgical View of the Lumbar Arteries and Their Branches: An Anatomical Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. ons16-ons22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Arslan ◽  
Ayhan Comert ◽  
Halil Ibrahim Acar ◽  
Mevci Ozdemir ◽  
Alaittin Elhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord Ischemia ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Transverse Process ◽  
Lumbar Artery ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Segmental Arteries

Abstract BACKGROUND: Although injury to the lumbar arteries during anterior spinal approaches is often encountered, there are few published articles regarding the relationship between the lumbar arteries and spinal cord ischemia. OBJECTIVE: To examine the morphology of the lumbar arteries and to emphasize their clinical importance. METHODS: With the aid of a surgical microscope, 80 lumbar arteries in 10 formalin-fixed male cadavers were studied. Measurements of these structures were made and relationships observed. RESULTS: The spinal artery was usually the first branch of the lumbar artery. The greatest lumbar artery diameter was at L4 and had a mean diameter of 3.25 mm; the smallest diameter was identified at L2 and had a mean diameter of 2.05 mm. The largest spinal artery diameter was at L3 (mean, 0.56 mm) and the smallest at L1 (mean, 0.42 mm). The largest anastomotic artery diameter was at L4 (mean, 0.42 mm) and the smallest at L1 (mean, 0.32 mm). For the right and left sides, the mean greatest distance between the origin of the lumbar artery and the tendinous arch was at L4 (mean, 40.9 and 31.8 mm, respectively) and the least at L1 (mean, 31.8 and 22.5 mm, respectively). The mean of the greatest distance between the anastomotic branch and the base of the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae was at L4 (mean, 4.41 and 4.35 mm, respectively) and the smallest at L1 (mean, 4.04 and 4.08 mm, respectively). CONCLUSION: These anatomic findings of the lumbar segmental arteries would be useful for emphasizing their surgical importance.

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