Toxicological risks in infants and children

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Krzysztof L. Krzystyniak ◽  
Andrzej Marszałek ◽  
Mieczysław Obiedziński
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Medicine Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychosocial Hazards ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Children’S Environmental Health ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
In Infants And Children

Children’s environmental health (environmental pediatrics), based on toxicological, epidemiological and occupational medicine research, has become increasingly visible in the past three decades. Early-life exposure to chemical, nutritional and psychosocial hazards can produce disease and disability in childhood and across the life span. Prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), reproductive system disorders, allergy and other chronic diseases in children increased dramatically in several recent decades. Their etiology and epidemiology in populations of Western Countries remain unsolved. Many scientists agree that the interactions of environmental factors with gene susceptibilities have been relatively overlooked in these diseases.

Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jan Łukasik ◽  
Bernadeta Patro-Gołąb ◽  
Andrea Horvath ◽  
Hania Szajewska
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Early Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 3866-3876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Łukasik ◽  
◽  
Bernadeta Patro-Gołąb ◽  
Andrea Horvath ◽  
Ruth Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Early-Life Exposure to Antibiotics and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1584-1587
Author(s):  
Jan Łukasik ◽  
Bernadeta Patro-Gołąb ◽  
Andrea Horvath ◽  
Hania Szajewska
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Prenatal and Early Life Exposure to Stressful Life Events and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders: Population-Based Studies in Sweden and England

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e38893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Rai ◽  
Jean Golding ◽  
Cecilia Magnusson ◽  
Colin Steer ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Vitamin D fortification and seasonality of birth in type 1 diabetic cases: D-tect study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jacobsen ◽  
M. Moldovan ◽  
A. A. Vaag ◽  
E. Hypponen ◽  
B. L. Heitmann
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Fortified Food ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Seasonality Of Birth

Fortification of margarine with vitamin D was mandatory in Denmark during 1961–1985. The aim of the study was to assess whether gestational and early infancy exposure to margarine fortification was associated with seasonality of birth in Danish type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The risks of T1D in Danes born during various exposure periods around margarine fortification termination in 1985 were analyzed. As expected, the T1D hazards in males unexposed to margarine fortification and born in spring were higher than in males born in autumn: relevant hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in various exposure groups ranged from 1.74 (1.112/2.708) to 37.43 (1.804/776.558). There were no indications of seasonality of birth in males exposed to fortification, nor in both exposed and unexposed females. The study suggests that early life exposure to low-dose vitamin D from fortified food eliminates seasonality of birth in T1D male patients. Further studies are required to investigate the identified gender differences.

scholarly journals Early-life exposure to gut microbiota from disease-protected mice does not impact disease outcome in type 1 diabetes susceptible NOD mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A Mullaney ◽  
Juliette E Stephens ◽  
Brooke E Geeling ◽  
Emma E Hamilton-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Nod Mice ◽  
Disease Outcome ◽  
Early Life Exposure

scholarly journals Regulation of type 1 diabetes development and B-cell activation in nonobese diabetic mice by early life exposure to a diabetogenic environment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e0181964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra De Riva ◽  
Maja Wållberg ◽  
Francesca Ronchi ◽  
Richard Coulson ◽  
Andrew Sage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Diabetes Development ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic Mice

Chemically Contaminated Eel Fed to Pregnant and Lactating Mouse Dams Causes Hyperactivity in Their Offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Dridi ◽  
Nidhal Soualeh ◽  
Torsten Bohn ◽  
Rachid Soulimani ◽  
Jaouad Bouayed
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Cage Test

Abstract.This study examined whether perinatal exposure to polluted eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) induces changes in the locomotor activity of offspring mice across lifespan (post-natal days (PNDs) 47 – 329), using the open field and the home cage activity tests. Dams were exposed during gestation and lactation, through diets enriched in eels naturally contaminated with pollutants including PCBs. Analysis of the eel muscle focused on the six non-dioxin-like (NDL) indicator PCBs (Σ6 NDL-PCBs: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180). Four groups of dams (n = 10 per group) received either a standard diet without eels or eels (0.8 mg/kg/day) containing 85, 216, or 400 ng/kg/day of ϵ6 NDL-PCBs. The open field test showed that early-life exposure to polluted eels increased locomotion in female offspring of exposed dams but not in males, compared to controls. This hyperlocomotion appeared later in life, at PNDs 195 and 329 (up to 32 % increase, p < 0.05). In addition, overactivity was observed in the home cage test at PND 305: exposed offspring females showed a faster overall locomotion speed (3.6 – 4.2 cm/s) than controls (2.9 cm/s, p <0.05); again, males remained unaffected. Covered distances in the home cage test were only elevated significantly in offspring females exposed to highest PCB concentrations (3411 ± 590 cm vs. 1377 ± 114 cm, p < 0.001). These results suggest that early-life exposure to polluted eels containing dietary contaminants including PCBs caused late, persistent and gender-dependent neurobehavioral hyperactive effects in offspring mice. Furthermore, female hyperactivity was associated with a significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex.

Prenatal and Early-Life Exposure to Indoor Air-Polluting Factors and Allergic Sensitization at 2 Years of Age

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (Supplement 4) ◽  
pp. S332.2-S333
Author(s):  
Suzanne R. Kochis ◽  
Jennifer Dantzer
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Early Life Exposure
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