Norms and Legal Practice in Ancient Egypt: A Case Study of Irrigation System Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 375-388
Author(s):  
Aneta Skalec
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
System Management ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Irrigation Channels ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Irrigation System Management

The prosperity of Egyptian civilization has depended on the efficient use of water deriving from the Nile throughout its recorded history. Despite the importance of water and irrigation in ancient Egypt, very little is known of its water regulations. The only known legal source related directly to the maintenance of canals that has been preserved is a section of the Dikaiomata – the Alexandrian city law dealing with the construction and improvement of irrigation channels in the surrounding countryside. However, being Greek in origin, it does not seem to correspond to the legal practice that has been in use in Egypt since the earliest times. How water regulations looked like in practice can therefore only be observed by means of practice documents, i.e. papyri from Ptolemaic period. Such papyri recorded the law in action, both in relation to individuals as well as the whole society in the context of water management. These documents and their similarities and differences to the rules contained in Dikaiomata are the subject of the paper.

Solo Singing Etiquette for Women in Ancient and Modern Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
Enas Fares Yehia ◽  
Walaa Mohamed Abdelhakim
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Modern Egypt

Throughout the ages, people have shown great interest in music and singing of all kinds, giving these expressive forms great importance in different eras. This article aims to comprehensively overview the etiquette, customs, and characteristic rules of polite performance in the profession of female solo singing in ancient and modern Egypt from a comparative view. This is achieved by reviewing the distinctive themes of female solo singers and their contexts in both ancient and modern Egypt. The article employs a descriptive-comparative methodology to provide a detailed sequential investigation and analysis of all the data collected on the subject and the themes of female solo singers; to discern the characteristic features of female solo singing etiquette in ancient Egypt; and to identify the similarities and differences of these features in the masters and famous models of modern Egypt. One of the main findings is that the distinctive characteristics of female solo singing in ancient Egypt have been inherited in the style of oriental but not western singing, and the greatest and most widely known model of the former style is “the Oriental singing lady Umm Kulthum”.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI BIAYA PEMELIHARAAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Hardiman Hardiman ◽  
Manyuk Fauzi ◽  
Imam Suprayogi
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
System Management ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Management Function ◽  
Budget Optimization ◽  
Irrigation System Management

The performance of the irrigation system management in Riau Province has not shown an optimal irrigation management function and irrigation conditions and functions due to budget constraints that have an impact on the performance of one of the irrigation areas in this province, namely the Uwai irrigation area. The purpose of this research is to get the performance value of the irrigation network system in the Uwai irrigation area and get budget optimization in the Uwai irrigation area. The results showed that the greatest assessment of damage to physical conditions in the Uwai irrigation network was found in the carrier channel RU 4, RU 5, RU 6, RU 7 left, which was 40% of the total channels and buildings and the smallest functional condition assessment in the Uwai irrigation network. found on channel RU 4, RU 5, RU 6, RU 7 left, which is 75% so that this channel is only able to serve 85.5 Ha from 342 Ha, 71 Ha from 284 Ha, 59.5 Ha from 238 Ha, 36.75 Ha of 147 Ha to be served.   Abstrak Kinerja Pengelolaan sistem irigasi Provinsi Riau belum menunjukkan fungsi manajemen irigasi dan kondisi serta fungsi irigasi yang optimal akibat adanya keterbatasan anggaran yang ada sehingga berdampak pada kinerja salah satu daerah irigasi di provinsi ini yaitu daerah irigasi Uwai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapat nilai kinerja sistem jaringan irigasi pada daerah irigasi Uwai  dan mendapat optimalisasi anggaran pada daerah irigasi Uwai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Penilaian kerusakan kondisi fisik di jaringan irigasi Uwai paling besar terdapat pada saluran pembawa RU 4, RU 5, RU 6, RU 7 kiri, yaitu sebesar 40% dari keseluruhan saluran dan bangunan dan penilaian kondisi fungsional di jaringan irigasi Uwai yang paling kecil terdapat pada saluran RU 4, RU 5, RU 6, RU 7 kiri yaitu sebesar 75% sehingga pada saluran ini hanya mampu melayani 85.5 Ha dari 342 Ha, 71 Ha dari 284 Ha, 59,5 Ha dari 238 Ha, 36,75 Ha dari 147 Ha yang harus dilayani.  

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of operational measures on reducing the sediment capture in the irrigation system water intake

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1167-1179
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Naumova ◽  
Anatoliy M. Kusher ◽  
Irina F. Рikalova
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
System Management ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Sediment Loads ◽  
Irrigation System Management

Introduction. The article considers operational measures of channel process regulation in the headwater of low-pressure front water intake located on rivers with abundant sediment loads. In addition to deep hydraulic flushing, the study proposes the method of task-oriented handling of the watergate screens. It allows reducing the amount of irrigation system channel siltation and significantly reducing the expenses for mechanical cleaning. An analysis of the problems of practical implementation of hydraulic methods to reduce the sediment capture in water intakes and the necessity of moving to the advanced technological level of irrigation system management is given. The international experience of irrigation system management modernization based on the principle of integration and activation of interested parties in the decision-making process is considered. Materials and methods. The studies of hydraulic methods of impact on channel processes during the water intake operation were carried out on physical eroded models (large-scale one and fragmented one). When conducting field research, the article analyzed the economic situations in addition to the hydraulic studies. Results. The research has developed a schematic diagram for the creation of artificial circulation zones, Based on the results of the research on a large-scale field eroded model of the frontal water intake. This makes it possible to redirect a part of the sediment flow from the water intake to the spillway dam open gates and reduce the channel siltation intensity. The dependences were obtained for the amount of sediment captured in the water intake on the ratio of water flow taken into the main channel and discharged through the bottom flushing galleries, which allow interactive schedule adjustment of water supply to agricultural producers depending on hydrological and climatic conditions. Conclusions. The hydraulic methods usage scale and their efficiency depend on applying modern analytical methods and digital technologies in the development of operational patterns as well as on the improvement of the regulatory framework and the organizational and economic mechanism for the irrigation system management.

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